Question 1

Which of the following does NOT contribute to determining the niche of the salt-marsh grass Spartina anglica?

Accepted Answer

A)  the height of tidal fluctuations 
B)  the fetch of the estuary 
C)  latitude 
D)  temperature 
E)  rainfall frequency 
A)  the height of tidal fluctuations 
B)  the fetch of the estuary 
C)  latitude 
D)  temperature 
E)  rainfall frequency

Question 2

If the isocline for species 1 lies above that of species 2,

Accepted Answer

A)  species 2 will eventually exclude species 1. 
B)  a stable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
C)  species 1 will eventually exclude species 2. 
D)  an unstable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
E)  all growth trajectories lead to the point where N2=K2 and N1=0. 
A)  species 2 will eventually exclude species 1. 
B)  a stable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
C)  species 1 will eventually exclude species 2. 
D)  an unstable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
E)  all growth trajectories lead to the point where N2=K2 and N1=0.

Question 3

The process of evolution toward niche divergence in the face of competition is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  niche displacement 
B)  niche evolution 
C)  character displacement 
D)  character evolution 
E)  allopatric displacement 
A)  niche displacement 
B)  niche evolution 
C)  character displacement 
D)  character evolution 
E)  allopatric displacement

Question 4

In the Lotka-Volterra competition model, the intersection of two isoclines of zero population growth always indicates stable coexistence of two competitors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Two species occurring together in the same place are said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  competitors. 
B)  precocial. 
C)  mutualists. 
D)  allopatric. 
E)  sympatric. 
A)  competitors. 
B)  precocial. 
C)  mutualists. 
D)  allopatric. 
E)  sympatric.

Question 6

Analysis of the Lotka-Volterra competition model implies that two competitors can coexist only when

Accepted Answer

A)  interspecific competition is stronger than intraspecific competition. 
B)  intraspecific competition is stronger than interspecific competition. 
C)  intraspecific and interspecific competition are equally strong. 
D)  predation or parasitism is stronger than interspecific competition. 
E)  Actually, the model implies that two competitors can never coexist. 
A)  interspecific competition is stronger than intraspecific competition. 
B)  intraspecific competition is stronger than interspecific competition. 
C)  intraspecific and interspecific competition are equally strong. 
D)  predation or parasitism is stronger than interspecific competition. 
E)  Actually, the model implies that two competitors can never coexist.

Question 7

During droughts in the Galápagos Islands, the ground finches most likely to survive are those with

Accepted Answer

A)  smaller bodies. 
B)  smaller bills. 
C)  earlier maturation. 
D)  larger bills. 
E)  larger territories. 
A)  smaller bodies. 
B)  smaller bills. 
C)  earlier maturation. 
D)  larger bills. 
E)  larger territories.

Question 8

Field experiments differ from laboratory experiments in that

Accepted Answer

A)  laboratory experiments include controls, but field experiments need not. 
B)  field experiments can be more easily replicated than laboratory experiments. 
C)  laboratory experiments allow variables not of direct interest to be controlled, while in field experiments these typically vary. 
D)  field experiments can teach us about ecological systems, but laboratory experiments cannot. 
E)  field experiments are often used by ecologists, but laboratory experiments never are. 
A)  laboratory experiments include controls, but field experiments need not. 
B)  field experiments can be more easily replicated than laboratory experiments. 
C)  laboratory experiments allow variables not of direct interest to be controlled, while in field experiments these typically vary. 
D)  field experiments can teach us about ecological systems, but laboratory experiments cannot. 
E)  field experiments are often used by ecologists, but laboratory experiments never are.

Question 9

Competition between members of a single species is called

Accepted Answer

A)  cohort specific competition. 
B)  species specific competition. 
C)  interspecific competition. 
D)  intraspecific competition. 
E)  interference competition. 
A)  cohort specific competition. 
B)  species specific competition. 
C)  interspecific competition. 
D)  intraspecific competition. 
E)  interference competition.

Question 10

Joseph Connell discovered that Balanus barnacles were excluded from the upper intertidal zone by ____________, while Chthalamus barnacles were excluded from the middle intertidal zone by ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  competition from mussels, prolonged immersion in water 
B)  competition from mussels, competition with Balanus 
C)  prolonged exposure to air, competition with Balanus 
D)  prolonged exposure to air, competition with algae 
E)  predation by wading birds, predation by starfish 
A)  competition from mussels, prolonged immersion in water 
B)  competition from mussels, competition with Balanus 
C)  prolonged exposure to air, competition with Balanus 
D)  prolonged exposure to air, competition with algae 
E)  predation by wading birds, predation by starfish

Which of the following does NOT contribute to determining the niche of the salt-marsh grass Spartina anglica?

If the isocline for species 1 lies above that of species 2,

The process of evolution toward niche divergence in the face of competition is called ____________.

In the Lotka-Volterra competition model, the intersection of two isoclines of zero population growth always indicates stable coexistence of two competitors.

Two species occurring together in the same place are said to be

Analysis of the Lotka-Volterra competition model implies that two competitors can coexist only when

During droughts in the Galápagos Islands, the ground finches most likely to survive are those with

Field experiments differ from laboratory experiments in that

Competition between members of a single species is called

Joseph Connell discovered that Balanus barnacles were excluded from the upper intertidal zone by __, while Chthalamus barnacles were excluded from the middle intertidal zone by _.

Introduction to Ecology Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Socail Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Exploitative Interactions Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Exam 13: Competition

Which of the following does NOT contribute to determining the niche of the salt-marsh grass Spartina anglica?

If the isocline for species 1 lies above that of species 2,

The process of evolution toward niche divergence in the face of competition is called ____________.

In the Lotka-Volterra competition model, the intersection of two isoclines of zero population growth always indicates stable coexistence of two competitors.

Two species occurring together in the same place are said to be

Analysis of the Lotka-Volterra competition model implies that two competitors can coexist only when

During droughts in the Galápagos Islands, the ground finches most likely to survive are those with

Field experiments differ from laboratory experiments in that

Competition between members of a single species is called

Joseph Connell discovered that Balanus barnacles were excluded from the upper intertidal zone by ____________, while Chthalamus barnacles were excluded from the middle intertidal zone by ___________.

Introduction to Ecology Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Socail Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Exploitative Interactions Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Joseph Connell discovered that Balanus barnacles were excluded from the upper intertidal zone by __, while Chthalamus barnacles were excluded from the middle intertidal zone by _.