Question 1

Mowing experiments in a Kansas prairie established that, for small mammals,

Accepted Answer

A)  moving individuals travel farther in more fragmented landscapes. 
B)  moving individuals travel farther in less fragmented landscapes. 
C)  more individuals move in more fragmented landscapes. 
D)  fragmentation affects movement distance but not the likelihood of movement. 
E)  fragmentation affects the likelihood of movement, but not movement distance. 
A)  moving individuals travel farther in more fragmented landscapes. 
B)  moving individuals travel farther in less fragmented landscapes. 
C)  more individuals move in more fragmented landscapes. 
D)  fragmentation affects movement distance but not the likelihood of movement. 
E)  fragmentation affects the likelihood of movement, but not movement distance.

Question 2

Recent conversion of forests to beaver ponds and wet meadows

Accepted Answer

A)  is producing a novel landscape structure, because beavers have never been as numerous as they are now. 
B)  is producing a novel landscape structure, because beavers previously exploited natural wetlands. 
C)  is restoring prehistoric landscape structure. 
D)  decreases nutrient levels in areas affected by beaver damming. 
E)  increases nutrient levels in remaining forests, but not in beaver ponds. 
A)  is producing a novel landscape structure, because beavers have never been as numerous as they are now. 
B)  is producing a novel landscape structure, because beavers previously exploited natural wetlands. 
C)  is restoring prehistoric landscape structure. 
D)  decreases nutrient levels in areas affected by beaver damming. 
E)  increases nutrient levels in remaining forests, but not in beaver ponds.

Question 3

Connections of similar habitat maintained between habitat fragments are known as ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Connections of similar habitat maintained between habitat...

Question 4

Vegetation in southern California burns frequently because

Accepted Answer

A)  summers there are hot and very dry. 
B)  the vegetation contains highly flammable oils. 
C)  lightning strikes easily ignite dry vegetation. 
D)  human activities provide sources of ignition. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  summers there are hot and very dry. 
B)  the vegetation contains highly flammable oils. 
C)  lightning strikes easily ignite dry vegetation. 
D)  human activities provide sources of ignition. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Studies by Hanski, Kuussaari, and Nieminen determined that ______ and _____ of patches strongly influence the size and density of Glanville fritillary butterfly, Melitaea cinxia, populations.

Accepted Answer

A)  area, shape 
B)  perimeter length, area 
C)  area, isolation 
D)  elevation, shape 
E)  isolation, shape 
A)  area, shape 
B)  perimeter length, area 
C)  area, isolation 
D)  elevation, shape 
E)  isolation, shape

Question 6

Expansion of forest in Veluwe, Netherlands at the expense of heathland has occurred primarily as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of grazing pressure as native herbivore populations were decimated by hunting. 
B)  changing climates due to the greenhouse effect. 
C)  new legal restrictions on land use. 
D)  reductions in sheep farming as Australian wool became less expensive. 
E)  reductions in sheep farming as young people left family farms for other careers. 
A)  reduction of grazing pressure as native herbivore populations were decimated by hunting. 
B)  changing climates due to the greenhouse effect. 
C)  new legal restrictions on land use. 
D)  reductions in sheep farming as Australian wool became less expensive. 
E)  reductions in sheep farming as young people left family farms for other careers.

Question 7

A large value of the patch shape index, S = P/(2F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10A), indicates a

Accepted Answer

A)  shape near a circle, with a high perimeter-to-area ratio. 
B)  shape near a circle, with a low perimeter-to-area ratio. 
C)  very elongated shape, with a low perimeter-to-area ratio. 
D)  very elongated shape, with a high perimeter-to-area ratio. 
A)  shape near a circle, with a high perimeter-to-area ratio. 
B)  shape near a circle, with a low perimeter-to-area ratio. 
C)  very elongated shape, with a low perimeter-to-area ratio. 
D)  very elongated shape, with a high perimeter-to-area ratio.

Question 8

Given the following data, calculate the Mann-Whitney statistic U for the stream draining the boreal forest.

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  7 
C)  41 
D)  43 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  6 
B)  7 
C)  41 
D)  43 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Flood control on the Kissimmee River of Florida

Accepted Answer

A)  was achieved primarily by regulating water input to Lake Kissimmee. 
B)  greatly decreased wetland area in the river basin. 
C)  allowed increased populations of game fish, including largemouth bass. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  both greatly decreased wetland area in the river basin and allowed increased populations of game fish, including largemouth bass. 
A)  was achieved primarily by regulating water input to Lake Kissimmee. 
B)  greatly decreased wetland area in the river basin. 
C)  allowed increased populations of game fish, including largemouth bass. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  both greatly decreased wetland area in the river basin and allowed increased populations of game fish, including largemouth bass.

Question 10

A heterogeneous area consisting of a patchwork of distinctive ecosystems is called a ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat 
B)  matrix 
C)  landscape 
D)  geographic unit 
E)  community 
A)  habitat 
B)  matrix 
C)  landscape 
D)  geographic unit 
E)  community

Mowing experiments in a Kansas prairie established that, for small mammals,

Recent conversion of forests to beaver ponds and wet meadows

Connections of similar habitat maintained between habitat fragments are known as ___________.

Vegetation in southern California burns frequently because

Studies by Hanski, Kuussaari, and Nieminen determined that __ and _ of patches strongly influence the size and density of Glanville fritillary butterfly, Melitaea cinxia, populations.

Expansion of forest in Veluwe, Netherlands at the expense of heathland has occurred primarily as a result of

A large value of the patch shape index, S = P/(2A), indicates a

Given the following data, calculate the Mann-Whitney statistic U for the stream draining the boreal forest.

Flood control on the Kissimmee River of Florida

A heterogeneous area consisting of a patchwork of distinctive ecosystems is called a ___________.

Introduction to Ecology Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Socail Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Exam 21: Landscape Ecology

Mowing experiments in a Kansas prairie established that, for small mammals,

Recent conversion of forests to beaver ponds and wet meadows

Connections of similar habitat maintained between habitat fragments are known as ___________.

Vegetation in southern California burns frequently because

Studies by Hanski, Kuussaari, and Nieminen determined that ______ and _____ of patches strongly influence the size and density of Glanville fritillary butterfly, Melitaea cinxia, populations.

Expansion of forest in Veluwe, Netherlands at the expense of heathland has occurred primarily as a result of

A large value of the patch shape index, S = P/(2A), indicates a

Given the following data, calculate the Mann-Whitney statistic U for the stream draining the boreal forest.

Flood control on the Kissimmee River of Florida

A heterogeneous area consisting of a patchwork of distinctive ecosystems is called a ___________.

Introduction to Ecology Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Socail Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Studies by Hanski, Kuussaari, and Nieminen determined that __ and _ of patches strongly influence the size and density of Glanville fritillary butterfly, Melitaea cinxia, populations.