Question 1

Which of the following is not a problem with using common sense or folk wisdom explanations for social behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) These explanations often are contradictory. 
B) They fail to capture the complexities of the full situation. 
C) We may learn very little from previous incidents. 
D) Most people do not have common sense anymore. 
A) These explanations often are contradictory. 
B) They fail to capture the complexities of the full situation. 
C) We may learn very little from previous incidents. 
D) Most people do not have common sense anymore.

Question 2

In commenting on the development of social psychology in the U.S.,Dorwin Cartwright (1979)wrote,"If I were required to name the one person who has had the greatest impact on the field,it would have to be Adolf Hitler." By this he meant that

Accepted Answer

A) Hitler's Mein Kampf was a philosophical treatise that influenced psychology. 
B) Gestalt psychology came to the U.S.when Gestalt psychologists fled the Nazi regime. 
C) Hitler used social-psychological principles to control the citizens of Germany. 
D) World War II stimulated the U.S.economy,and there was more research funding for psychologists. 
A) Hitler's Mein Kampf was a philosophical treatise that influenced psychology. 
B) Gestalt psychology came to the U.S.when Gestalt psychologists fled the Nazi regime. 
C) Hitler used social-psychological principles to control the citizens of Germany. 
D) World War II stimulated the U.S.economy,and there was more research funding for psychologists.

Question 3

Recall that Ross and Samuels (1993)randomly assigned participants previously identified as either competitive or cooperative to one of two games: the "Wall Street Game" or the "Community Game." Also recall that fully twice as many players in the "Wall Street Game" behaved competitively compared to people who played the "Community Game." What do these findings suggest?

Accepted Answer

A) True personality differences do not exist. 
B) It is not important to study individual differences in personality. 
C) Seemingly minor aspects of a social situation can override personality differences. 
D) All the competitive people ended up playing the "Wall Street Game." 
A) True personality differences do not exist. 
B) It is not important to study individual differences in personality. 
C) Seemingly minor aspects of a social situation can override personality differences. 
D) All the competitive people ended up playing the "Wall Street Game."

Question 4

Compare the self-esteem approach and the social cognition approach in terms of the motivations assumed to underlie human behavior.

Accepted Answer

The self-esteem approach explains human

Question 5

Melissa,Sally,Kathleen,and Lynne went mountain climbing.According to the self-justification approach,which one of the women would most appreciate the view from the top of the mountain?

Accepted Answer

A) Melissa,who climbed while listening to arousing music on her headphones. 
B) Sally,who pulled a muscle and got scratched by thorns. 
C) Kathleen,who enjoyed seeing the different types of trees on the mountain. 
D) Lynne,who daydreamed about her husband while she climbed. 
A) Melissa,who climbed while listening to arousing music on her headphones. 
B) Sally,who pulled a muscle and got scratched by thorns. 
C) Kathleen,who enjoyed seeing the different types of trees on the mountain. 
D) Lynne,who daydreamed about her husband while she climbed.

Question 6

Which of the following is false with regard to cross-cultural research in social psychology? Social psychologists

Accepted Answer

A) find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these provide a test of the universality of laws of human behavior. 
B) have only recently expanded their research beyond the United States. 
C) find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these allow the use of research methods deemed unethical in the United States. 
D) find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these allow the discovery of additional variables that enable more accurate prediction. 
A) find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these provide a test of the universality of laws of human behavior. 
B) have only recently expanded their research beyond the United States. 
C) find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these allow the use of research methods deemed unethical in the United States. 
D) find cross-cultural studies of social behavior valuable because these allow the discovery of additional variables that enable more accurate prediction.

Question 7

Keeping in mind the authors' discussion of the misplaced approach to AIDS prevention,which of the ad campaigns below is least likely to work?

Accepted Answer

A) ads that use celebrity athletes to endorse athletic shoes 
B) ads that show a fried egg and say,"This is your brain on drugs" 
C) political ads that use humor 
D) pain reliever ads that use charts and graphs 
A) ads that use celebrity athletes to endorse athletic shoes 
B) ads that show a fried egg and say,"This is your brain on drugs" 
C) political ads that use humor 
D) pain reliever ads that use charts and graphs

Question 8

When Prya and Mohammed returned home after a night on the town,they found their baby crying because her diaper needed to be changed.The babysitter was sitting in front of the television,ignoring the baby's crying.Mohammed and Prya decided that the babysitter was callous and uncaring,and they swore that they would never hire him again.Mohammed and Prya's interpretation of the babysitter's actions was based on

Accepted Answer

A) philosophy. 
B) scientific methodology. 
C) common sense. 
D) prejudice. 
A) philosophy. 
B) scientific methodology. 
C) common sense. 
D) prejudice.

Question 9

Many fraternities,sororities,and sports teams have initiation rituals.For example,at one school,all the members of the soccer team must wear unusual clothing everywhere on campus for an entire day and then have embarrassing haircuts.These rituals try to capitalize on the role of ____ in increasing commitment via self-justification.

Accepted Answer

A) suffering 
B) the affiliation motive 
C) reinforcement 
D) social power 
A) suffering 
B) the affiliation motive 
C) reinforcement 
D) social power

Question 10

Which of the following statements is not consistent with the social cognition approach to social psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) Human thinking and reasoning abilities are truly amazing. 
B) People try to view the world as accurately as possible. 
C) People tend to distort reality to make themselves look good. 
D) People make errors because there is too much information to be able to process optimally. 
A) Human thinking and reasoning abilities are truly amazing. 
B) People try to view the world as accurately as possible. 
C) People tend to distort reality to make themselves look good. 
D) People make errors because there is too much information to be able to process optimally.

Question 11

Dr.Levowitz researches the question,"Are some people more aggressive than others?" This type of question is most closely in the realm of

Accepted Answer

A) social psychology. 
B) social influence. 
C) personality psychology. 
D) philosophy. 
A) social psychology. 
B) social influence. 
C) personality psychology. 
D) philosophy.

Question 12

Ross and Samuels (1993)found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were ____ competitive than people playing the "Community Game," ____ of individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.

Accepted Answer

A) more; because 
B) more; regardless 
C) less; because 
D) less; regardless 
A) more; because 
B) more; regardless 
C) less; because 
D) less; regardless

Question 13

Last weekend,Paula smiled politely while Lance talked to her for several hours.Wow,thinks Lance to himself,she was so nice; Paula must really like me-she was so friendly! Lance's interpretation of Paula's behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a direct persuasion attempt. 
B) an indirect persuasion attempt. 
C) explicit values. 
D) construals. 
A) a direct persuasion attempt. 
B) an indirect persuasion attempt. 
C) explicit values. 
D) construals.

Question 14

Jada gives William her dessert at lunch in the hopes that he will like her.Jada's behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) social cognition. 
B) direct social influence attempt. 
C) a construal. 
D) fundamental attribution error. 
A) social cognition. 
B) direct social influence attempt. 
C) a construal. 
D) fundamental attribution error.

Question 15

George just finished a poem,and is very proud of his work.He knows he should ask his instructor for some constructive feedback to improve it,but chooses not to because he is afraid of losing his sense of accomplishment.In this case,which basic motive did George give into?

Accepted Answer

A) the need to belong 
B) the need for accuracy 
C) the need to feel good about oneself 
D) the need for affiliation 
A) the need to belong 
B) the need for accuracy 
C) the need to feel good about oneself 
D) the need for affiliation

Question 16

In their approach to understanding social behavior,social psychologists are most similar to

Accepted Answer

A) behaviorists. 
B) Gestalt psychologists. 
C) sociologists. 
D) personality psychologists. 
A) behaviorists. 
B) Gestalt psychologists. 
C) sociologists. 
D) personality psychologists.

Question 17

Justin isn't sure if he wants to date Mary,with whom he shares many similarities,or Emma,who is very different from him.His friend says,"Opposites attract," and advises him to date Emma.But his brother says,"Birds of a feather flock together," and suggests that he pursue Mary.This best exemplifies that

Accepted Answer

A) common sense is often full of contradictions. 
B) folk wisdom is usually wrong. 
C) folk wisdom oversimplifies complex situations. 
D) common sense is an individual difference. 
A) common sense is often full of contradictions. 
B) folk wisdom is usually wrong. 
C) folk wisdom oversimplifies complex situations. 
D) common sense is an individual difference.

Question 18

Social cognition is the study of how people

Accepted Answer

A) solve societal problems. 
B) think about themselves and the social world. 
C) behave in groups. 
D) actually behave towards outgroup members. 
A) solve societal problems. 
B) think about themselves and the social world. 
C) behave in groups. 
D) actually behave towards outgroup members.

Question 19

Social psychologists are interested in cross-cultural research because

Accepted Answer

A) it helps to understand the differences between societies. 
B) it demonstrates which aspects of human behavior are universal. 
C) it provides information about individual differences. 
D) it ultimately will lead to a better understanding of the causes of mental illness. 
A) it helps to understand the differences between societies. 
B) it demonstrates which aspects of human behavior are universal. 
C) it provides information about individual differences. 
D) it ultimately will lead to a better understanding of the causes of mental illness.

Question 20

Rahid's server in the restaurant just can't seem to get his order right.If Rahid has just read Chapter 1 on social influence and is thinking more like a social psychologist than before,what would he be most likely to think?

Accepted Answer

A) "This person is a chronic dolt." 
B) "Our educational system is failing us." 
C) "This person must have had a bad morning." 
D) "Human beings are inherently lazy." 
A) "This person is a chronic dolt." 
B) "Our educational system is failing us." 
C) "This person must have had a bad morning." 
D) "Human beings are inherently lazy."

Which of the following is not a problem with using common sense or folk wisdom explanations for social behavior?

In commenting on the development of social psychology in the U.S.,Dorwin Cartwright (1979)wrote,"If I were required to name the one person who has had the greatest impact on the field,it would have to be Adolf Hitler." By this he meant that

Compare the self-esteem approach and the social cognition approach in terms of the motivations assumed to underlie human behavior.

Melissa,Sally,Kathleen,and Lynne went mountain climbing.According to the self-justification approach,which one of the women would most appreciate the view from the top of the mountain?

Which of the following is false with regard to cross-cultural research in social psychology? Social psychologists

Keeping in mind the authors' discussion of the misplaced approach to AIDS prevention,which of the ad campaigns below is least likely to work?

Which of the following statements is not consistent with the social cognition approach to social psychology?

Dr.Levowitz researches the question,"Are some people more aggressive than others?" This type of question is most closely in the realm of

Ross and Samuels (1993)found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were competitive than people playing the "Community Game," of individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.

Last weekend,Paula smiled politely while Lance talked to her for several hours.Wow,thinks Lance to himself,she was so nice; Paula must really like me-she was so friendly! Lance's interpretation of Paula's behavior is an example of

Jada gives William her dessert at lunch in the hopes that he will like her.Jada's behavior is an example of

George just finished a poem,and is very proud of his work.He knows he should ask his instructor for some constructive feedback to improve it,but chooses not to because he is afraid of losing his sense of accomplishment.In this case,which basic motive did George give into?

In their approach to understanding social behavior,social psychologists are most similar to

Social cognition is the study of how people

Social psychologists are interested in cross-cultural research because

Rahid's server in the restaurant just can't seem to get his order right.If Rahid has just read Chapter 1 on social influence and is thinking more like a social psychologist than before,what would he be most likely to think?

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

Exam 1: Introducing Social Psychology

Which of the following is not a problem with using common sense or folk wisdom explanations for social behavior?

In commenting on the development of social psychology in the U.S.,Dorwin Cartwright (1979)wrote,"If I were required to name the one person who has had the greatest impact on the field,it would have to be Adolf Hitler." By this he meant that

Compare the self-esteem approach and the social cognition approach in terms of the motivations assumed to underlie human behavior.

Melissa,Sally,Kathleen,and Lynne went mountain climbing.According to the self-justification approach,which one of the women would most appreciate the view from the top of the mountain?

Which of the following is false with regard to cross-cultural research in social psychology? Social psychologists

Keeping in mind the authors' discussion of the misplaced approach to AIDS prevention,which of the ad campaigns below is least likely to work?

Which of the following statements is not consistent with the social cognition approach to social psychology?

Dr.Levowitz researches the question,"Are some people more aggressive than others?" This type of question is most closely in the realm of

Ross and Samuels (1993)found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were ____ competitive than people playing the "Community Game," ____ of individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.

Last weekend,Paula smiled politely while Lance talked to her for several hours.Wow,thinks Lance to himself,she was so nice; Paula must really like me-she was so friendly! Lance's interpretation of Paula's behavior is an example of

Jada gives William her dessert at lunch in the hopes that he will like her.Jada's behavior is an example of

George just finished a poem,and is very proud of his work.He knows he should ask his instructor for some constructive feedback to improve it,but chooses not to because he is afraid of losing his sense of accomplishment.In this case,which basic motive did George give into?

In their approach to understanding social behavior,social psychologists are most similar to

Social cognition is the study of how people

Social psychologists are interested in cross-cultural research because

Rahid's server in the restaurant just can't seem to get his order right.If Rahid has just read Chapter 1 on social influence and is thinking more like a social psychologist than before,what would he be most likely to think?

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

Ross and Samuels (1993)found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were competitive than people playing the "Community Game," of individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.