Question 1

In explaining why so many neighbors in Los Angeles failed to come to the aid of four murder victims,a behaviorist would most likely address the

Accepted Answer

A) neighbors' interpretations of a woman's screams. 
B) physical danger that faced anyone who intervened. 
C) conflicting feelings of the neighbors. 
D) relationships between the victims and their neighbors. 
A) neighbors' interpretations of a woman's screams. 
B) physical danger that faced anyone who intervened. 
C) conflicting feelings of the neighbors. 
D) relationships between the victims and their neighbors.

Question 2

The authors of your text discuss three snares in peoples' ability to reason accurately.All of the following are snares in reasoning except

Accepted Answer

A) People rarely know all of the facts. 
B) People are seldom motivated to be accurate. 
C) People often lack time or stamina to reason well. 
D) People often generalize based on superficial information. 
A) People rarely know all of the facts. 
B) People are seldom motivated to be accurate. 
C) People often lack time or stamina to reason well. 
D) People often generalize based on superficial information.

Question 3

In the introduction to Chapter 1,you read about a number of social phenomena: cries for help were ignored by neighbors; a father and son disagreed on the attractiveness of the same fraternity; and more than 800 people committed mass suicide in Jonestown,Guyana.What do these examples have in common? They

Accepted Answer

A) defy explanation. 
B) describe socially deviant behavior. 
C) reveal the power of social influence. 
D) reflect the operation of deliberate persuasion attempts. 
A) defy explanation. 
B) describe socially deviant behavior. 
C) reveal the power of social influence. 
D) reflect the operation of deliberate persuasion attempts.

Question 4

The tendency most people have to discount situational explanations of behavior in favor of personality characteristics or traits is called the

Accepted Answer

A) character bias. 
B) discounting effect. 
C) fundamental attribution error. 
D) blame assignment bias. 
A) character bias. 
B) discounting effect. 
C) fundamental attribution error. 
D) blame assignment bias.

Question 5

In an effort to convince more women to get mammograms,public service ads downplay fear of breast cancer and discomfort of this cancer detection procedure.Instead such ads point to the benefits of early detection and consequent cure rate.According to the authors of your text,an ad would be designed this way because

Accepted Answer

A) overly frightened women might engage in denial about the odds that they would contract breast cancer. 
B) messages that evoke fear seldom if ever are successful at influencing behavior. 
C) people are more likely to watch positive than negative advertising. 
D) when it comes to health,people are more motivated to be accurate than to feel good. 
A) overly frightened women might engage in denial about the odds that they would contract breast cancer. 
B) messages that evoke fear seldom if ever are successful at influencing behavior. 
C) people are more likely to watch positive than negative advertising. 
D) when it comes to health,people are more motivated to be accurate than to feel good.

Question 6

Social psychologists have identified two motives that are of primary importance in explaining our thoughts and behaviors.According to your textbook authors,these are the need to ____ and the need to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) enhance our power; be as accurate as possible 
B) be as accurate as possible; feel good about ourselves 
C) feel good about ourselves; belong 
D) be as accurate as possible; maintain social control 
A) enhance our power; be as accurate as possible 
B) be as accurate as possible; feel good about ourselves 
C) feel good about ourselves; belong 
D) be as accurate as possible; maintain social control

Question 7

Which of the following situations is at odds with the self-esteem approach to understanding human behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) At first,Jim can't stand his social psychology course,but he works hard all semester to get a good grade.At the end of the semester,when he evaluates the course,he gives it high marks. 
B) Susan drives 200 miles to buy a dress that most people would call incredibly ugly.She loves it and can't wait to wear it to the next party. 
C) Nguyen studied for years to pursue a career for which she was poorly suited.She works sixty hours a week in the sleet and hot sun.Still,she says that she is thrilled with her job. 
D) Jorge absolutely hates the camp he is attending.As part of the activities,he had to wear funny hats,and sing silly songs. 
A) At first,Jim can't stand his social psychology course,but he works hard all semester to get a good grade.At the end of the semester,when he evaluates the course,he gives it high marks. 
B) Susan drives 200 miles to buy a dress that most people would call incredibly ugly.She loves it and can't wait to wear it to the next party. 
C) Nguyen studied for years to pursue a career for which she was poorly suited.She works sixty hours a week in the sleet and hot sun.Still,she says that she is thrilled with her job. 
D) Jorge absolutely hates the camp he is attending.As part of the activities,he had to wear funny hats,and sing silly songs.

Question 8

Research by Lee Ross suggests that even when people recognize that others perceive information differently,they persist in thinking that others are biased while they themselves are objective.This illustrates the idea of

Accepted Answer

A) social psychology. 
B) naïve realism. 
C) individual differences. 
D) implicit values. 
A) social psychology. 
B) naïve realism. 
C) individual differences. 
D) implicit values.

Question 9

Jordan's lover of four years just left him.He's hurt,angry,and confused,and says to himself,"He never did understand my need for independence." This explanation for the break-up best reflects which human motive?

Accepted Answer

A) protecting one's self-esteem 
B) sacrificing happiness in the interest of accuracy 
C) deserting reality under stress 
D) justifying our suffering 
A) protecting one's self-esteem 
B) sacrificing happiness in the interest of accuracy 
C) deserting reality under stress 
D) justifying our suffering

Question 10

One potential problem of justifying past behavior in order to protect our self-esteem is that

Accepted Answer

A) people tend to become narcissistic. 
B) people distort reality and deny any negative information about themselves. 
C) it hinders people from learning from their past mistakes. 
D) it leads people to present themselves as being better than they really are. 
A) people tend to become narcissistic. 
B) people distort reality and deny any negative information about themselves. 
C) it hinders people from learning from their past mistakes. 
D) it leads people to present themselves as being better than they really are.

Question 11

People often construe the world as they do in order to maintain a favorable image of themselves.This assumption underlies the ____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A) self-esteem 
B) public image 
C) accuracy motive 
D) self-perception 
A) self-esteem 
B) public image 
C) accuracy motive 
D) self-perception

Question 12

Shanika is an executive,and asked her assistant repeatedly to make some copies for her.The assistant repeatedly failed to successfully complete the assignment.If Shanika is thinking like a social psychologist about this situation,what is she most likely to think about her assistant?

Accepted Answer

A) "My assistant is incompetent and I should fire him immediately." 
B) "All of my subordinates are incompetent." 
C) "I am the only intelligent person in this office." 
D) "Perhaps my assistant is under stress from something else." 
A) "My assistant is incompetent and I should fire him immediately." 
B) "All of my subordinates are incompetent." 
C) "I am the only intelligent person in this office." 
D) "Perhaps my assistant is under stress from something else."

Question 13

Larry is a physician and is convinced that his patient,Mr.Mraz,has cancer.However,after several diagnostic tests and a biopsy that came back negative,Larry rethinks his original diagnosis.He admits that he was wrong and does more research to find the correct diagnosis.In this case,which basic motive did Larry give into?

Accepted Answer

A) the need for accuracy 
B) the need to feel good about oneself 
C) the need for meaning 
D) the need for control 
A) the need for accuracy 
B) the need to feel good about oneself 
C) the need for meaning 
D) the need for control

Question 14

Which of the following people have fallen prey to the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

A) Cindy,who explains her poor exam performance by pointing out how hard the questions were. 
B) Tim,who points to a person who fell down and says,"What a clumsy oaf!" 
C) Guillermo,who explains his girlfriend's tears by saying,"She didn't get enough sleep last night." 
D) Dien,who points to an erratic driver and says,"Look at that! The roads are slick tonight." 
A) Cindy,who explains her poor exam performance by pointing out how hard the questions were. 
B) Tim,who points to a person who fell down and says,"What a clumsy oaf!" 
C) Guillermo,who explains his girlfriend's tears by saying,"She didn't get enough sleep last night." 
D) Dien,who points to an erratic driver and says,"Look at that! The roads are slick tonight."

Question 15

Because their intellectual roots lie more in Gestalt psychology than in ____,social psychologists tend to focus less on objective aspects of a social situation,and more on ____.

Accepted Answer

A) behaviorism; people's perceptions 
B) sociology; rewards and punishments 
C) behaviorism; irrationality 
D) personality psychology; rewards and punishments 
A) behaviorism; people's perceptions 
B) sociology; rewards and punishments 
C) behaviorism; irrationality 
D) personality psychology; rewards and punishments

Question 16

Rashim is viewed by most people he knows as rude,brusque,and completely unconcerned with other people's feelings.He,in contrast,describes himself as efficient and task-oriented.Rahim's self-description best reflects the motive to

Accepted Answer

A) justify our failed efforts. 
B) justify our troublesome behaviors. 
C) perceive the world accurately. 
D) succeed at any cost. 
A) justify our failed efforts. 
B) justify our troublesome behaviors. 
C) perceive the world accurately. 
D) succeed at any cost.

Question 17

Which of the following relatively "famous" psychologists is a behaviorist?

Accepted Answer

A) Wolfgang Kohler 
B) Lee Ross 
C) B.F.Skinner 
D) Kurt Lewin 
A) Wolfgang Kohler 
B) Lee Ross 
C) B.F.Skinner 
D) Kurt Lewin

Question 18

Aidan is trying to decide who would be the better roommate,Yushi or Lamar.Yushi has lots of money and a flat-screen TV to add to the apartment,but Lamar is really fun to hang out with.Aidan doesn't know other things,such as how tidy they are or how loud they are at night,but has to make his decision soon.This best illustrates which challenge of accurate social cognition?

Accepted Answer

A) People usually make emotional decisions. 
B) People usually don't know all of the facts. 
C) People are rarely motivated to be accurate. 
D) People are more concerned with self-esteem. 
A) People usually make emotional decisions. 
B) People usually don't know all of the facts. 
C) People are rarely motivated to be accurate. 
D) People are more concerned with self-esteem.

Question 19

According to the authors of your text,why do people sometimes construe information to feel good about themselves?

Accepted Answer

A) Only narcissists do this. 
B) They are committing the fundamental attribution error. 
C) People have a strong need to maintain their self-esteem. 
D) Because it is important to be accurate perceivers of reality. 
A) Only narcissists do this. 
B) They are committing the fundamental attribution error. 
C) People have a strong need to maintain their self-esteem. 
D) Because it is important to be accurate perceivers of reality.

Question 20

Della is interested in the ways in which romantic partners think about each other.Her research most neatly fits the realm of

Accepted Answer

A) personality psychology. 
B) social cognition. 
C) sociology. 
D) behaviorism. 
A) personality psychology. 
B) social cognition. 
C) sociology. 
D) behaviorism.

In explaining why so many neighbors in Los Angeles failed to come to the aid of four murder victims,a behaviorist would most likely address the

The authors of your text discuss three snares in peoples' ability to reason accurately.All of the following are snares in reasoning except

The tendency most people have to discount situational explanations of behavior in favor of personality characteristics or traits is called the

Social psychologists have identified two motives that are of primary importance in explaining our thoughts and behaviors.According to your textbook authors,these are the need to and the need to .

Which of the following situations is at odds with the self-esteem approach to understanding human behavior?

Research by Lee Ross suggests that even when people recognize that others perceive information differently,they persist in thinking that others are biased while they themselves are objective.This illustrates the idea of

Jordan's lover of four years just left him.He's hurt,angry,and confused,and says to himself,"He never did understand my need for independence." This explanation for the break-up best reflects which human motive?

One potential problem of justifying past behavior in order to protect our self-esteem is that

People often construe the world as they do in order to maintain a favorable image of themselves.This assumption underlies the ____ approach.

Shanika is an executive,and asked her assistant repeatedly to make some copies for her.The assistant repeatedly failed to successfully complete the assignment.If Shanika is thinking like a social psychologist about this situation,what is she most likely to think about her assistant?

Which of the following people have fallen prey to the fundamental attribution error?

Because their intellectual roots lie more in Gestalt psychology than in ,social psychologists tend to focus less on objective aspects of a social situation,and more on .

Rashim is viewed by most people he knows as rude,brusque,and completely unconcerned with other people's feelings.He,in contrast,describes himself as efficient and task-oriented.Rahim's self-description best reflects the motive to

Which of the following relatively "famous" psychologists is a behaviorist?

According to the authors of your text,why do people sometimes construe information to feel good about themselves?

Della is interested in the ways in which romantic partners think about each other.Her research most neatly fits the realm of

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

Exam 1: Introducing Social Psychology

In explaining why so many neighbors in Los Angeles failed to come to the aid of four murder victims,a behaviorist would most likely address the

The authors of your text discuss three snares in peoples' ability to reason accurately.All of the following are snares in reasoning except

The tendency most people have to discount situational explanations of behavior in favor of personality characteristics or traits is called the

Social psychologists have identified two motives that are of primary importance in explaining our thoughts and behaviors.According to your textbook authors,these are the need to ____ and the need to ____.

Which of the following situations is at odds with the self-esteem approach to understanding human behavior?

Research by Lee Ross suggests that even when people recognize that others perceive information differently,they persist in thinking that others are biased while they themselves are objective.This illustrates the idea of

Jordan's lover of four years just left him.He's hurt,angry,and confused,and says to himself,"He never did understand my need for independence." This explanation for the break-up best reflects which human motive?

One potential problem of justifying past behavior in order to protect our self-esteem is that

People often construe the world as they do in order to maintain a favorable image of themselves.This assumption underlies the ____ approach.

Shanika is an executive,and asked her assistant repeatedly to make some copies for her.The assistant repeatedly failed to successfully complete the assignment.If Shanika is thinking like a social psychologist about this situation,what is she most likely to think about her assistant?

Which of the following people have fallen prey to the fundamental attribution error?

Because their intellectual roots lie more in Gestalt psychology than in ____,social psychologists tend to focus less on objective aspects of a social situation,and more on ____.

Rashim is viewed by most people he knows as rude,brusque,and completely unconcerned with other people's feelings.He,in contrast,describes himself as efficient and task-oriented.Rahim's self-description best reflects the motive to

Which of the following relatively "famous" psychologists is a behaviorist?

According to the authors of your text,why do people sometimes construe information to feel good about themselves?

Della is interested in the ways in which romantic partners think about each other.Her research most neatly fits the realm of

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and Benefits of Dissonance Reduction

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People

Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Filters

Social psychologists have identified two motives that are of primary importance in explaining our thoughts and behaviors.According to your textbook authors,these are the need to and the need to .

Because their intellectual roots lie more in Gestalt psychology than in ,social psychologists tend to focus less on objective aspects of a social situation,and more on .