Question 1

What is the difference between the heartwood and sapwood of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heartwood contains xylem, and sapwood contains phloem. 
B)  Sapwood contains xylem, and heartwood contains phloem. 
C)  Heartwood no longer transports water and minerals, and sapwood still conducts xylem sap. 
D)  Heartwood contains old phloem that no longer functions, and sapwood contains functioning phloem. 
A)  Heartwood contains xylem, and sapwood contains phloem. 
B)  Sapwood contains xylem, and heartwood contains phloem. 
C)  Heartwood no longer transports water and minerals, and sapwood still conducts xylem sap. 
D)  Heartwood contains old phloem that no longer functions, and sapwood contains functioning phloem.

Question 2

Most trees and shrubs continue to grow year after year. Such plants are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  biennials. 
B)  perennials. 
C)  annuals. 
A)  biennials. 
B)  perennials. 
C)  annuals.

Question 3

-If the leaf is like a solar panel receiving light energy and converting it to another form of energy, structure A is like what part of the solar panel?

Accepted Answer

A)  the clear covering that allows sunlight in where it can be converted to another type of energy 
B)  the wires leading the transformed energy to the point of energy use or storage 
C)  the point of attachment of the solar panel to a rooftop 
D)  the cells in the panel that trap light energy 
A)  the clear covering that allows sunlight in where it can be converted to another type of energy 
B)  the wires leading the transformed energy to the point of energy use or storage 
C)  the point of attachment of the solar panel to a rooftop 
D)  the cells in the panel that trap light energy

Question 4

In angiosperms, the process of ________ ensures that the endosperm will develop only in ovules containing a fertilized egg.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytogenesis 
B)  meiosis 
C)  double fertilization 
D)  fragmentation 
A)  cytogenesis 
B)  meiosis 
C)  double fertilization 
D)  fragmentation

Question 5

Which plant parts commonly contribute to asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  seeds 
B)  roots 
C)  flowers 
D)  fruits 
A)  seeds 
B)  roots 
C)  flowers 
D)  fruits

Question 6

Which structure is found in both plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  a large central vacuole containing fluid 
D)  cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane 
A)  chloroplasts 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  a large central vacuole containing fluid 
D)  cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane

Question 7

One assumption about plant reproduction is that because it requires so much matter and energy, reproductive output is resource-limited. Which statement provides evidence that this assumption may be incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a correlation between the amount of sunlight a plant receives and how much fruit it produces. 
B)  Hand-pollinated plants produce more seeds than naturally pollinated plants. 
C)  Plants growing in moist conditions produce more flowers than plants growing in dry conditions. 
D)  Domesticated plants produce more seeds than wild plants. 
A)  There is a correlation between the amount of sunlight a plant receives and how much fruit it produces. 
B)  Hand-pollinated plants produce more seeds than naturally pollinated plants. 
C)  Plants growing in moist conditions produce more flowers than plants growing in dry conditions. 
D)  Domesticated plants produce more seeds than wild plants.

Question 8

How many layers of vascular cambium will there be in the trunk of a 10-year-old tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  ten 
D)  thousands 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  ten 
D)  thousands

Question 9

A mature ovary, specialized as a vessel that houses and protects seeds, is a

Accepted Answer

A)  fruit. 
B)  ovule. 
C)  cotyledon. 
D)  seed coat. 
A)  fruit. 
B)  ovule. 
C)  cotyledon. 
D)  seed coat.

Question 10

The redwood groves in Northern California are one of America's greatest natural resources. Redwoods can live more than 2,000 years and grow taller than 350 feet. When tourism became popular in the late 1800s, large tunnels were cut through the center of several of these giant trees to allow wagons to pass through (and to attract tourists to the location). Even today, visitors wait in line to be photographed driving their cars through a tunnel. When the groves were converted into national parks, the tunneling was discontinued, but several tunneled trees are still alive.
-What is the correct sequence of tissues a car would pass as it drives through the tree tunnel (starting from the outer surface of the tree and passing through the central core)?

Accepted Answer

A)  cork, cork cambium, secondary phloem, vascular cambium, sapwood, heartwood 
B)  epidermis, cortex, primary phloem, primary xylem, heartwood, sapwood 
C)  heartwood, wood rays, cork cambium, secondary xylem, secondary phloem, vascular cambium 
D)  bark, wood rays, growth rings, lateral meristems, primary phloem, secondary phloem 
A)  cork, cork cambium, secondary phloem, vascular cambium, sapwood, heartwood 
B)  epidermis, cortex, primary phloem, primary xylem, heartwood, sapwood 
C)  heartwood, wood rays, cork cambium, secondary xylem, secondary phloem, vascular cambium 
D)  bark, wood rays, growth rings, lateral meristems, primary phloem, secondary phloem

Question 11

A florist assembles a bouquet of flowers from the following: 1. lilies, which have long leaves with parallel veins
2) Queen Anne's lace, also known as wild carrot because of its large taproot
3) buttercups, with their five lovely yellow petals
4) new shoots of daisies with two small cotyledons
This bunch of flowers contains

Accepted Answer

A)  one eudicot and three monocots. 
B)  two eudicots and two monocots. 
C)  three eudicots and one monocot. 
D)  all eudicots and no monocots. 
A)  one eudicot and three monocots. 
B)  two eudicots and two monocots. 
C)  three eudicots and one monocot. 
D)  all eudicots and no monocots.

Question 12

Which statement about germination is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The germination of a seed represents the beginning of life. 
B)  Germination usually begins when a seed takes up water. 
C)  A hydrated seed expands, rupturing its seed coat. 
D)  Germination usually takes place after a period of dormancy. 
A)  The germination of a seed represents the beginning of life. 
B)  Germination usually begins when a seed takes up water. 
C)  A hydrated seed expands, rupturing its seed coat. 
D)  Germination usually takes place after a period of dormancy.

Question 13

The cells that store starch in dicot roots are located between the

Accepted Answer

A)  xylem and the phloem. 
B)  epidermis and the root hairs. 
C)  epidermis and the vascular cylinder. 
D)  epidermis and the cortex. 
A)  xylem and the phloem. 
B)  epidermis and the root hairs. 
C)  epidermis and the vascular cylinder. 
D)  epidermis and the cortex.

Question 14

In a showy flower such as a magnolia or rose, the flower parts that play the main role in attracting the notice of animal pollinators are the

Accepted Answer

A)  petals. 
B)  sepals. 
C)  fruits. 
D)  stigmas. 
A)  petals. 
B)  sepals. 
C)  fruits. 
D)  stigmas.

Question 15

What is the node of a plant stem?

Accepted Answer

A)  the point of leaf attachment 
B)  the point of apical dominance 
C)  the area between the shoots and the roots 
D)  a small pore where gases are exchanged 
A)  the point of leaf attachment 
B)  the point of apical dominance 
C)  the area between the shoots and the roots 
D)  a small pore where gases are exchanged

Question 16

Which part of this seed contains stored food that allows the seedling to grow until it can perform photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  part A 
B)  part B 
C)  part C 
D)  part D 
A)  part A 
B)  part B 
C)  part C 
D)  part D

Question 17

-Which structure in the image has a different number of chromosomes than the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  structure A 
B)  structure B 
C)  structure C 
A)  structure A 
B)  structure B 
C)  structure C

Question 18

This figure compares corn yield (how much corn is produced) in relation to the area of land from which the corn was harvested, for the United States and globally. Which statement, according to this figure, is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The efficiency of corn production (yield per area) in the United States has increased more than global efficiency. 
B)  The efficiency of global corn production (yield per area) has increased more than efficiency in the United States. 
C)  Global production efficiency was greater prior to 1980 than since 1980. 
D)  The efficiency of U.S. production has decreased. 
A)  The efficiency of corn production (yield per area) in the United States has increased more than global efficiency. 
B)  The efficiency of global corn production (yield per area) has increased more than efficiency in the United States. 
C)  Global production efficiency was greater prior to 1980 than since 1980. 
D)  The efficiency of U.S. production has decreased.

Question 19

Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stems and leaves depend on the water and minerals absorbed by the roots. 
B)  Roots depend upon sugars produced in photosynthetic organs such as leaves. 
C)  Plant root hairs help to absorb carbon dioxide from the soil. 
D)  The shoot system of a plant consists of the stems, leaves, and adaptations for reproduction. 
A)  Stems and leaves depend on the water and minerals absorbed by the roots. 
B)  Roots depend upon sugars produced in photosynthetic organs such as leaves. 
C)  Plant root hairs help to absorb carbon dioxide from the soil. 
D)  The shoot system of a plant consists of the stems, leaves, and adaptations for reproduction.

Question 20

Which type of vascular tissue cell in a plant is dead at maturity?

Accepted Answer

A)  vessel elements 
B)  companion cells 
C)  sieve-tube cells 
D)  parenchyma cells 
A)  vessel elements 
B)  companion cells 
C)  sieve-tube cells 
D)  parenchyma cells

Exam 31: Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

What is the difference between the heartwood and sapwood of a tree?

Most trees and shrubs continue to grow year after year. Such plants are known as

-If the leaf is like a solar panel receiving light energy and converting it to another form of energy, structure A is like what part of the solar panel?

In angiosperms, the process of ________ ensures that the endosperm will develop only in ovules containing a fertilized egg.

Which plant parts commonly contribute to asexual reproduction?

Which structure is found in both plant and animal cells?

One assumption about plant reproduction is that because it requires so much matter and energy, reproductive output is resource-limited. Which statement provides evidence that this assumption may be incorrect?

How many layers of vascular cambium will there be in the trunk of a 10-year-old tree?

A mature ovary, specialized as a vessel that houses and protects seeds, is a

Which statement about germination is false?

The cells that store starch in dicot roots are located between the

In a showy flower such as a magnolia or rose, the flower parts that play the main role in attracting the notice of animal pollinators are the

What is the node of a plant stem?

Which part of this seed contains stored food that allows the seedling to grow until it can perform photosynthesis?

-Which structure in the image has a different number of chromosomes than the others?

This figure compares corn yield (how much corn is produced) in relation to the area of land from which the corn was harvested, for the United States and globally. Which statement, according to this figure, is true?

Which statement is false?

Which type of vascular tissue cell in a plant is dead at maturity?

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

The Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

The Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

The Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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