Question 1

Which of the following regulate intracellular levels of Ca2+ ions?

Accepted Answer

A) Golgi apparatus 
B) ribosomes 
C) endoplasmic reticulum 
D) mitochondria 
E) both endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria 
A) Golgi apparatus 
B) ribosomes 
C) endoplasmic reticulum 
D) mitochondria 
E) both endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria

Question 2

What is the terminal electron acceptor of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) O2 
C) CO2 
D) CO 
E) glucose 
A) water 
B) O2 
C) CO2 
D) CO 
E) glucose

Question 3

Explain why fast-twitch fibers "prefer" to use anaerobic respiration rather than aerobic respiration even though aerobic respiration is about 20 times more efficient in terms of ATP produced per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Glycolytic reactions occur much more rap

Question 4

What properties do mitochondria share with peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Both form by splitting from preexisting organelles,using some of the same proteins to accomplish the feat. 
B) Both import preformed proteins from the cytosol. 
C) Both engage in similar types of oxidative metabolism. 
D) At least one enzyme is found in the mitochondria of some mammals and the peroxisomes of others. 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) Both form by splitting from preexisting organelles,using some of the same proteins to accomplish the feat. 
B) Both import preformed proteins from the cytosol. 
C) Both engage in similar types of oxidative metabolism. 
D) At least one enzyme is found in the mitochondria of some mammals and the peroxisomes of others. 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 5

A patient who has abnormal mitochondria has the following symptoms: long-term fatigue and muscle weakness,elevated metabolic rate and body temperature.Studies indicate that the mitochondria have been released from their normal respiratory control.How does this explain the elevated temperature? Why are most disorders that have been traced to mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by degeneration of muscle or brain tissue? What are the characteristics of some of the conditions that result from dysfunctional mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

If the cells run at an abnormally high m

Question 6

Which mitochondrial genes when mutated or experiencing deletions cause the most serious disorders?

Accepted Answer

Mutations or deletions in the genes enco

Question 7

You treat some cells with DNP and discover that ATP production ceases.Upon closer examination,you also note that the number of calcium ions sequestered in the mitochondrion decreases.Please explain.

Accepted Answer

DNP dissipates the proton gradient gener

Question 8

What is the basis of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)and other similar diseases?

Accepted Answer

ALD and other similar diseases are cause

Question 9

How many carbons from an original glucose molecule get into the TCA cycle? What happens to the carbons that do not enter the cycle?

Accepted Answer

Four (4)carbons from an origin

Question 10

What treatments have been tried to help ALD patients?

Accepted Answer

The movie Lorenzo's Oil dealt with the p

Question 11

Observations of two different cell types indicate a couple of differences in their mitochondria.Cell type 1 has 2-3 times the mitochondria of Cell Type 2.The mitochondria in Cell Type 1 are also larger,contain more cristae and the cristae extend farther across the mitochondria than in Cell Type 2.Which cell type is likely to have more extensive energy requirements?

Accepted Answer

Since ATP synthase is located on the cri

Question 12

In the early 1980s,a number of young drug addicts showed up in hospitals with the sudden onset of severe muscular tremors that are characteristic of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD)in elderly adults.What caused these PD-like symptoms in such young people? How were the cells of the substantia nigra in PD patients similar to those in the substantia nigra of MPTP patients? What are some possible environmental causes of PD?

Accepted Answer

They had intravenously injected themselv

Question 13

An unusual type of phospholipid is found in the myelin sheath that insulates brain axons;abnormalities in the synthesis of this phospholipid can lead to severe neurological dysfunction.What are these phospholipids called?

Accepted Answer

A) plasmins 
B) sphingolipids 
C) plasmalogens 
D) insulins 
E) luciferases 
A) plasmins 
B) sphingolipids 
C) plasmalogens 
D) insulins 
E) luciferases

Question 14

Where are most of the enzymes of the Krebs cycle located?

Accepted Answer

A) in the intercristal space 
B) on the cristae 
C) on the ribosomes 
D) in the soluble phase of the mitochondrial matrix 
E) in the intermembrane space 
A) in the intercristal space 
B) on the cristae 
C) on the ribosomes 
D) in the soluble phase of the mitochondrial matrix 
E) in the intermembrane space

Question 15

What molecule is responsible for conveying 2 carbons from pyruvate to the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) Coenzyme G 
B) Coenzyme A 
C) Acetate 
D) pyruvate 
E) oxaloacetate 
A) Coenzyme G 
B) Coenzyme A 
C) Acetate 
D) pyruvate 
E) oxaloacetate

Question 16

What type of electron carrier has a prosthetic group derived from vitamin B2?

Accepted Answer

A) flavoproteins 
B) cytochromes 
C) copper atom containing carriers 
D) ubiquinone 
E) iron-sulfur proteins 
A) flavoproteins 
B) cytochromes 
C) copper atom containing carriers 
D) ubiquinone 
E) iron-sulfur proteins

Question 17

You prepare red blood cell ghosts with a very high internal potassium ion concentration and a very high external sodium ion concentration,higher than normally exists in the body.The red blood cell ghost also contains ADP and inorganic phosphate ions in the interior and the Na+-K+ pump in the membrane.What happens?

Accepted Answer

Potassium ions move out of the ghost and

Question 18

Which lipid is known for playing an important role in facilitating the activity of proteins involved in ATP synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) diphosphatidylglycerol 
B) phosphatidyl inositol 
C) phosphatidic acid 
D) cardiolipin 
E) both diphosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin 
A) diphosphatidylglycerol 
B) phosphatidyl inositol 
C) phosphatidic acid 
D) cardiolipin 
E) both diphosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin

Question 19

The three catalytic sites of ATP synthase ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) have different substrate binding affinities 
B) have different product binding affinities 
C) at any one time are present in different conformations 
D) pass sequentially through their three different conformations 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) have different substrate binding affinities 
B) have different product binding affinities 
C) at any one time are present in different conformations 
D) pass sequentially through their three different conformations 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 20

Which enzyme of the Krebs (TCA)cycle is different from the others with respect to its location and where is it located?

Accepted Answer

A) succinate dehydrogenase,mitochondrial matrix 
B) malate dehydrogenase,mitochondrial matrix 
C) succinate dehydrogenase,inner mitochondrial membrane 
D) malate dehydrogenase,inner mitochondrial membrane 
E) succinate dehydrogenase,intermembrane space 
A) succinate dehydrogenase,mitochondrial matrix 
B) malate dehydrogenase,mitochondrial matrix 
C) succinate dehydrogenase,inner mitochondrial membrane 
D) malate dehydrogenase,inner mitochondrial membrane 
E) succinate dehydrogenase,intermembrane space

Which of the following regulate intracellular levels of Ca²⁺ ions?

What is the terminal electron acceptor of the electron transport chain?

Explain why fast-twitch fibers "prefer" to use anaerobic respiration rather than aerobic respiration even though aerobic respiration is about 20 times more efficient in terms of ATP produced per glucose molecule?

What properties do mitochondria share with peroxisomes?

Which mitochondrial genes when mutated or experiencing deletions cause the most serious disorders?

You treat some cells with DNP and discover that ATP production ceases.Upon closer examination,you also note that the number of calcium ions sequestered in the mitochondrion decreases.Please explain.

What is the basis of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)and other similar diseases?

How many carbons from an original glucose molecule get into the TCA cycle? What happens to the carbons that do not enter the cycle?

What treatments have been tried to help ALD patients?

An unusual type of phospholipid is found in the myelin sheath that insulates brain axons;abnormalities in the synthesis of this phospholipid can lead to severe neurological dysfunction.What are these phospholipids called?

Where are most of the enzymes of the Krebs cycle located?

What molecule is responsible for conveying 2 carbons from pyruvate to the Krebs cycle?

What type of electron carrier has a prosthetic group derived from vitamin B₂?

Which lipid is known for playing an important role in facilitating the activity of proteins involved in ATP synthesis?

The three catalytic sites of ATP synthase ___________.

Which enzyme of the Krebs (TCA)cycle is different from the others with respect to its location and where is it located?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 5: Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Which of the following regulate intracellular levels of Ca2+ ions?

What is the terminal electron acceptor of the electron transport chain?

Explain why fast-twitch fibers "prefer" to use anaerobic respiration rather than aerobic respiration even though aerobic respiration is about 20 times more efficient in terms of ATP produced per glucose molecule?

What properties do mitochondria share with peroxisomes?

Which mitochondrial genes when mutated or experiencing deletions cause the most serious disorders?

You treat some cells with DNP and discover that ATP production ceases.Upon closer examination,you also note that the number of calcium ions sequestered in the mitochondrion decreases.Please explain.

What is the basis of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)and other similar diseases?

How many carbons from an original glucose molecule get into the TCA cycle? What happens to the carbons that do not enter the cycle?

What treatments have been tried to help ALD patients?

An unusual type of phospholipid is found in the myelin sheath that insulates brain axons;abnormalities in the synthesis of this phospholipid can lead to severe neurological dysfunction.What are these phospholipids called?

Where are most of the enzymes of the Krebs cycle located?

What molecule is responsible for conveying 2 carbons from pyruvate to the Krebs cycle?

What type of electron carrier has a prosthetic group derived from vitamin B2?

Which lipid is known for playing an important role in facilitating the activity of proteins involved in ATP synthesis?

The three catalytic sites of ATP synthase ___________.

Which enzyme of the Krebs (TCA)cycle is different from the others with respect to its location and where is it located?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Which of the following regulate intracellular levels of Ca²⁺ ions?

What type of electron carrier has a prosthetic group derived from vitamin B₂?