Exam 5: Disorders of Childhood

In ______ attachment, an infant in the strange situation shows (1) more interest in the toys than its mother, (2) little distress when its mother leaves, and (3) little positive emotion when its mother returns.

The text suggests that, as compared with other individuals, individuals with autism spectrum disorder show ______ volume and ______ activity in brain areas related to facial processing.

Overall, ______ areas in the brain mature earlier than ______ areas.

Autism was first described by ______ in 1943 as an innate disorder in which children do not show normal development in emotional contact with others.

Compare and contrast (1) reactive attachment disorder and (2) disinhibited social engagement disorder, then (1) conduct disorder and (2) oppositional defiant disorder.

In the DSM-IV, mental retardation was defined as an IQ below ______. This cutoff is ______ in the DSM-5.

The brain's development from childhood through adulthood may be described as a process of differentiation.

Suppose an infant is (1) excited to explore his environment, (2) upset when its mother leaves, and (3) happy when its mother returns. This infant's behavior is BEST described as ______.

Developmentally, symptoms of autism first appear in ______.

Katie is in a healthy relationship with her significant other and has strong bonds formed with both of her parents. Katie does not experience anxiety, discomfort, or indecisive behavior with others. Katie MOST likely has a(n) ______ attachment style.

The change during adolescence in the association between gender and the prevalence of anxiety and depression is thought to reflect ______ changes during puberty.

As compared with specific learning disorder, intellectual developmental disorder is MORE ______.

Cindy has difficulty in connections and communication with others. She displays odd behavior and has abnormal emotional contact with the other students in her third-grade class. Cindy MOST likely will be diagnosed with ______.

Eight-year-old Cade has been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder. Cade's disorder is an example of a(n) ______ disorder in the DSM-5.

What proportion of children and adolescents have persistent oppositional, disruptive, or aggressive behavior problems?

Following a small stroke, Lily has trouble knowing when someone is lying to her. The strike MOST likely damaged Lily's ______.

Sandy, a middle-aged woman, recently posted this status update: "In 13 days, Ty turns 13: I will officially be a parent of a teenager!" Describe two broad trends in brain development during adolescence, and suggest how these changes may be reflected in Ty's behavior.

Preference for human faces begins ______.

A child who is extremely worried about losing an attachment figure is MOST likely to be diagnosed with ______ disorder, which is classified as an ______ disorder.

Cortical areas mature earlier in development than subcortical areas.