Question 1

Thorndike was known for his work with __________.

Accepted Answer

A) a puzzle box 
B) modeling 
C) monkeys 
D) a Skinner box 
A) a puzzle box 
B) modeling 
C) monkeys 
D) a Skinner box

Question 2

The schedule of reinforcement that yields the slowest increase in a behavior and the fastest extinction of the behavior when the schedule is stopped is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) variable ratio 
B) continuous reinforcement 
C) partial reinforcement 
D) fixed interval 
A) variable ratio 
B) continuous reinforcement 
C) partial reinforcement 
D) fixed interval

Question 3

The "law of effect" was first proposed in the modern scientific community by:

Accepted Answer

A) James. 
B) Skinner. 
C) Thorndike. 
D) Pavlov. 
A) James. 
B) Skinner. 
C) Thorndike. 
D) Pavlov.

Question 4

Spontaneous recovery:

Accepted Answer

A) occurs before the pairing of the CS and US. 
B) occurs after a fixed interval schedule of reinforcement. 
C) is an unlearned response. 
D) can occur once a response has been extinguished. 
A) occurs before the pairing of the CS and US. 
B) occurs after a fixed interval schedule of reinforcement. 
C) is an unlearned response. 
D) can occur once a response has been extinguished.

Question 5

Most young children put their hands over their ears when they hear the loud boom of firecrackers at a Fourth of July festival,but at first pay scant attention to the person lighting the firecrackers.However,after just a few firecrackers have been exploded,some of the children put their hands over their ears as soon as they see the person approach the firecracker with a match! What is the unconditioned response?

Accepted Answer

A) the person lighting the firecrackers 
B) the loud booming sound made by the firecrackers 
C) the children putting their hands over their ears when they see the person about to light the firecrackers 
D) the children putting their hands over their ears when the firecrackers explode 
A) the person lighting the firecrackers 
B) the loud booming sound made by the firecrackers 
C) the children putting their hands over their ears when they see the person about to light the firecrackers 
D) the children putting their hands over their ears when the firecrackers explode

Question 6

The person MOST closely associated with the law of effect is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) Thorndike 
B) Pavlov 
C) Watson 
D) Skinner 
A) Thorndike 
B) Pavlov 
C) Watson 
D) Skinner

Question 7

If a researcher presents the US first,then presents the CS,the pairing method used is _______.

Accepted Answer

A) trace 
B) delay 
C) simultaneous 
D) backward 
A) trace 
B) delay 
C) simultaneous 
D) backward

Question 8

A child is praised for using his fork instead of his fingers to eat some spaghetti.This is an example of __________ reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) positive 
B) extrinsic 
C) higher-order 
D) secondary 
A) positive 
B) extrinsic 
C) higher-order 
D) secondary

Question 9

The mental storing of an entire image of an area,such as a maze or floor plan of a building is called______.

Accepted Answer

A) Gestalt 
B) insight 
C) Skinner response 
D) a cognitive map 
A) Gestalt 
B) insight 
C) Skinner response 
D) a cognitive map

Question 10

Social learning theory's foremost proponent is __________ .

Accepted Answer

A) Watson 
B) Thorndike 
C) Skinner 
D) Bandura 
A) Watson 
B) Thorndike 
C) Skinner 
D) Bandura

Question 11

What do we call learning that has taken place but is not demonstrated?

Accepted Answer

A) insight learning 
B) serial enumeration 
C) latent learning 
D) shaping 
A) insight learning 
B) serial enumeration 
C) latent learning 
D) shaping

Question 12

In Bandura's classic (1965)study of children exposed to a film of an adult hitting a Bobo doll,__________ .

Accepted Answer

A) children who saw the model punished learned to be more aggressive than children who say the model rewarded 
B) children who saw the model rewarded learned to be more aggressive than children who say the model punished 
C) children who saw the model punished performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model rewarded 
D) children who saw the model rewarded performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model punished 
A) children who saw the model punished learned to be more aggressive than children who say the model rewarded 
B) children who saw the model rewarded learned to be more aggressive than children who say the model punished 
C) children who saw the model punished performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model rewarded 
D) children who saw the model rewarded performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model punished

Question 13

Nagging someone to do something until they do it is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) negative reinforcement 
B) aversive conditioning 
C) punishment 
D) positive reinforcement 
A) negative reinforcement 
B) aversive conditioning 
C) punishment 
D) positive reinforcement

Question 14

In the experiment with Little Albert,the conditioned stimulus was __________.

Accepted Answer

A) Albert 
B) the rat 
C) the loud noise 
D) the laboratory room 
A) Albert 
B) the rat 
C) the loud noise 
D) the laboratory room

Question 15

To teach a tiger to jump through a flaming hoop,the tiger is first reinforced for jumping up on a certain pedestal,then for leaping from that pedestal to another.Next the tiger has to jump through a hoop between the pedestals to get the reward.Finally,the hoop is set afire and the tiger must jump through it to get the reward.This is an example of __________ .

Accepted Answer

A) modeling 
B) shaping 
C) negative reinforcement 
D) secondary learning 
A) modeling 
B) shaping 
C) negative reinforcement 
D) secondary learning

Question 16

This is the first exam you have ever taken in Professor Smith's class.You know nothing about her tests,and she has never done anything harmful to you or anyone else.Nonetheless,you are anxious about the test.Your anxiety in this situation is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) generalization. 
B) discrimination. 
C) backward conditioning. 
D) none of the above. 
A) generalization. 
B) discrimination. 
C) backward conditioning. 
D) none of the above.

Question 17

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:

Accepted Answer

A) continuous reinforcement schedule. 
B) fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement. 
C) fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement. 
D) variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement. 
A) continuous reinforcement schedule. 
B) fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement. 
C) fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement. 
D) variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement.

Question 18

In classical conditioning,when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response,the neutral stimulus eventually elicits a similar response or becomes a/an _______ stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned 
B) discriminative 
C) higher-order 
D) unconditioned 
A) conditioned 
B) discriminative 
C) higher-order 
D) unconditioned

Question 19

Who was Little Albert?

Accepted Answer

A) developer of the concept of classical conditioning 
B) an animal trained by using operant conditioning procedures 
C) creator of methods for teaching children 
D) a child who developed a fear as part of a demonstration of classical conditioning 
A) developer of the concept of classical conditioning 
B) an animal trained by using operant conditioning procedures 
C) creator of methods for teaching children 
D) a child who developed a fear as part of a demonstration of classical conditioning

Question 20

Stimulus generalization occurs:

Accepted Answer

A) only when a response is followed by a reinforcer. 
B) only to those with a high capacity to learn. 
C) after extinction. 
D) when a conditioned response is elicited by stimuli similar to the CS. 
A) only when a response is followed by a reinforcer. 
B) only to those with a high capacity to learn. 
C) after extinction. 
D) when a conditioned response is elicited by stimuli similar to the CS.

Exam 5: C: Learning

Thorndike was known for his work with __________.

The schedule of reinforcement that yields the slowest increase in a behavior and the fastest extinction of the behavior when the schedule is stopped is ________.

The "law of effect" was first proposed in the modern scientific community by:

Spontaneous recovery:

The person MOST closely associated with the law of effect is __________.

If a researcher presents the US first,then presents the CS,the pairing method used is _______.

A child is praised for using his fork instead of his fingers to eat some spaghetti.This is an example of __________ reinforcement.

The mental storing of an entire image of an area,such as a maze or floor plan of a building is called______.

Social learning theory's foremost proponent is __________ .

What do we call learning that has taken place but is not demonstrated?

In Bandura's classic (1965)study of children exposed to a film of an adult hitting a Bobo doll,__________ .

Nagging someone to do something until they do it is an example of __________.

In the experiment with Little Albert,the conditioned stimulus was __________.

This is the first exam you have ever taken in Professor Smith's class.You know nothing about her tests,and she has never done anything harmful to you or anyone else.Nonetheless,you are anxious about the test.Your anxiety in this situation is an example of:

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:

In classical conditioning,when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a response,the neutral stimulus eventually elicits a similar response or becomes a/an _______ stimulus.

Who was Little Albert?

Stimulus generalization occurs:

The Science of Psychology

A: The Science of Psychology

B: The Science of Psychology

C: The Science of Psychology

Biological Perspective

A: Biological Perspective

B: Biological Perspective

C: The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

A: Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

B: Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

C: Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

Learning

A: Learning

B: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

A: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

B: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

C: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Development Across the Life Span

A: Development Across the Life Span

B: Development Across the Life Span

C: Development Across the Life Span

Motivation and Emotion

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

A: Sexuality and Gender

B: Sexuality and Gender

C: Sexuality and Gender

Stress and Health

A: Stress and Health

B: Stress and Health

C: Stress and Health

Social Psychology

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

Theories of Personality

A: Theories of Personality

B: Theories of Personality

C: Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

A: Psychological Therapies

B: Psychological Therapies

C: Psychological Therapies

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