Question 1

Iron deficiency is often indicated by yellowing in newly formed leaves. This suggests that iron is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a relatively immobile nutrient in plants 
B)  tied up in formed chlorophyll molecules 
C)  concentrated in the xylem of older leaves 
D)  concentrated in the phloem of older leaves 
E)  found in leghemoglobin and reduces the amount available to new plant parts 
A)  a relatively immobile nutrient in plants 
B)  tied up in formed chlorophyll molecules 
C)  concentrated in the xylem of older leaves 
D)  concentrated in the phloem of older leaves 
E)  found in leghemoglobin and reduces the amount available to new plant parts

Question 2

How does phosphorus normally enter ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular respiration 
B)  photosynthesis 
C)  rock weathering 
D)  burning of fossil fuels 
E)  atmospheric phosphorous gas 
A)  cellular respiration 
B)  photosynthesis 
C)  rock weathering 
D)  burning of fossil fuels 
E)  atmospheric phosphorous gas

Question 3

Which of the following are problems associated with intensive irrigation?
I. mineral runoff
II. overfertilization
III. aquifer depletion
IV. soil salinization

Accepted Answer

A)  only I and II 
B)  only II and IV 
C)  only I, III, and IV 
D)  only III and IV 
E)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  only I and II 
B)  only II and IV 
C)  only I, III, and IV 
D)  only III and IV 
E)  I, II, III, and IV

Question 4

The NPK percentages on a package of fertilizer refer to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  total protein content of the three major ingredients of the fertilizer 
B)  percentages of manure collected from different types of animals 
C)  relative percentages of organic and inorganic nutrients in the fertilizer 
D)  percentages of three important mineral nutrients 
E)  proportions of three different nitrogen sources 
A)  total protein content of the three major ingredients of the fertilizer 
B)  percentages of manure collected from different types of animals 
C)  relative percentages of organic and inorganic nutrients in the fertilizer 
D)  percentages of three important mineral nutrients 
E)  proportions of three different nitrogen sources

Question 5

Which of the following, if used as a fertilizer, would be most immediately available for plant uptake?

Accepted Answer

A)  NH3 
B)  N2 
C)  CN2H2 
D)  NO3- 
E)  amino acids 
A)  NH3 
B)  N2 
C)  CN2H2 
D)  NO3- 
E)  amino acids

Question 6

Nitrogen fixation is a process that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials 
B)  converts ammonia to ammonium 
C)  releases nitrate from the rock substrate 
D)  converts nitrogen gas into ammonia 
E)  recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials and converts ammonia to ammonium 
A)  recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials 
B)  converts ammonia to ammonium 
C)  releases nitrate from the rock substrate 
D)  converts nitrogen gas into ammonia 
E)  recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials and converts ammonia to ammonium

Question 7

Mycorrhizae enhance plant nutrition mainly by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbing water and minerals through the fungal hyphae 
B)  providing sugar to root cells, which have no chloroplasts 
C)  converting atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia 
D)  enabling the roots to parasitize neighboring plants 
E)  stimulating the development of root hairs 
A)  absorbing water and minerals through the fungal hyphae 
B)  providing sugar to root cells, which have no chloroplasts 
C)  converting atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia 
D)  enabling the roots to parasitize neighboring plants 
E)  stimulating the development of root hairs

Question 8

What is a typical habitat for carnivorous plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  wet areas with high salinity 
B)  wet areas with high levels of humus 
C)  wet areas with low decomposition rates 
D)  dry areas with low levels of available oxygen 
E)  dry areas with high levels of peat 
A)  wet areas with high salinity 
B)  wet areas with high levels of humus 
C)  wet areas with low decomposition rates 
D)  dry areas with low levels of available oxygen 
E)  dry areas with high levels of peat

Question 9

What is the function of proton pumps localized in the plant plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  to facilitate diffusion of ions 
B)  to transfer phosphorus groups from ATP to proteins 
C)  to transfer metal ions across the plasma membrane 
D)  to transfer anions across the plasma membrane 
E)  to create a membrane potential 
A)  to facilitate diffusion of ions 
B)  to transfer phosphorus groups from ATP to proteins 
C)  to transfer metal ions across the plasma membrane 
D)  to transfer anions across the plasma membrane 
E)  to create a membrane potential

Question 10

Why is nitrogen fixation an essential process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen fixation can only be done by certain prokaryotes. 
B)  Fixed nitrogen is often the limiting factor in plant growth. 
C)  Nitrogen fixation is very expensive in terms of metabolic energy. 
D)  Nitrogen fixers are sometimes symbiotic with legumes. 
E)  Nitrogen-fixing capacity can be genetically engineered. 
A)  Nitrogen fixation can only be done by certain prokaryotes. 
B)  Fixed nitrogen is often the limiting factor in plant growth. 
C)  Nitrogen fixation is very expensive in terms of metabolic energy. 
D)  Nitrogen fixers are sometimes symbiotic with legumes. 
E)  Nitrogen-fixing capacity can be genetically engineered.

Question 11

Two groups of tomatoes were grown under laboratory conditions, one with humus added to the soil and one a control without humus. The leaves of the plants grown without humus were yellowish (less green) compared with those of the plants grown in the humus-enriched soil. The best explanation for this difference is that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the healthy plants used the food in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll 
B)  the humus made the soil more loosely packed, so water penetrated more easily to the roots 
C)  the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron, needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll 
D)  the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis 
E)  the plants absorbed essential macronutrients necessary for chlorophyll synthesis from the humus 
A)  the healthy plants used the food in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll 
B)  the humus made the soil more loosely packed, so water penetrated more easily to the roots 
C)  the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron, needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll 
D)  the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis 
E)  the plants absorbed essential macronutrients necessary for chlorophyll synthesis from the humus

Question 12

Root hairs are most important to a plant because they ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anchor a plant in the soil 
B)  store starches 
C)  increase the surface area for absorption 
D)  provide a habitat for nitrogen-fixing bacteria 
E)  contain xylem tissue 
A)  anchor a plant in the soil 
B)  store starches 
C)  increase the surface area for absorption 
D)  provide a habitat for nitrogen-fixing bacteria 
E)  contain xylem tissue

Question 13

In plants, micronutrients ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are required in relatively large amounts 
B)  are required only during germination of seeds 
C)  generally help in catalytic functions in the plant 
D)  are required only during flowering 
A)  are required in relatively large amounts 
B)  are required only during germination of seeds 
C)  generally help in catalytic functions in the plant 
D)  are required only during flowering

Question 14

You are conducting an experiment on plant growth. You take a plant fresh from the soil that weighs 5 kilograms (kg). Then you dry the plant overnight and determine the dry weight to be 1 kg. Of this dry weight, how much would you expect to be made up of oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 gram 
B)  4 grams 
C)  40 grams 
D)  960 grams 
E)  1 kg 
A)  1 gram 
B)  4 grams 
C)  40 grams 
D)  960 grams 
E)  1 kg

Exam 36: Plant Nutrition

Iron deficiency is often indicated by yellowing in newly formed leaves. This suggests that iron is ________.

How does phosphorus normally enter ecosystems?

Which of the following are problems associated with intensive irrigation? I. mineral runoff II. overfertilization III. aquifer depletion IV. soil salinization

The NPK percentages on a package of fertilizer refer to the ________.

Which of the following, if used as a fertilizer, would be most immediately available for plant uptake?

Nitrogen fixation is a process that ________.

Mycorrhizae enhance plant nutrition mainly by ________.

What is a typical habitat for carnivorous plants?

What is the function of proton pumps localized in the plant plasma membrane?

Why is nitrogen fixation an essential process?

Root hairs are most important to a plant because they ________.

In plants, micronutrients ________.

You are conducting an experiment on plant growth. You take a plant fresh from the soil that weighs 5 kilograms (kg). Then you dry the plant overnight and determine the dry weight to be 1 kg. Of this dry weight, how much would you expect to be made up of oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Energy and Enzymes: an Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cellcell Interactions

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, Rna Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology and Beyond

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Green Algae and Land Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Animal Nervous Systems

Animal Sensory Systems

Animal Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction and Development

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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