Exam 42: Gas Exchange and Circulation

A large increase in albumin concentration in the plasma of a dog would result in which of the following?

What would be the consequences if we were to reverse the direction of water flow over the gills of a fish, moving water inward past the operculum, past the gills, then out of the mouth? This reversal of water flow would ________.

To become bound to hemoglobin for transport in a mammal, atmospheric molecules of oxygen must cross ________.

To increase the output of the heart, what adjustments are made in the circulatory system? 1) an increase in heart rate 2) an increase in stroke volume of the heart 3) a reduced blood flow to the brain

Which component of blood is responsible for the formation of blood clots?

Which of the following develops the greatest pressure on the blood in the mammalian aorta?

Which of the following respiratory systems is NOT closely associated with the blood supply?

When you hold your breath, which of the following blood gas changes first leads to the urge to breathe?

A rabbit taken from a meadow near sea level and moved to a meadow high on a mountainside would have some trouble breathing. Why?

Altitude sickness occurs when a hiker ascends to altitudes where the density of oxygen is low. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors cause less movement of carbonic acid toward carbon dioxide production and are used as a prophylactic treatment of altitude sickness. How does this treatment decrease the symptoms of high altitude sickness?

Based on the accompanying figure, showing fetal (A) and adult (B) oxygen-hemoglobin saturation curves, which of the following conclusions is TRUE?

Blockage of vessels supplying blood to the heart itself is ________.

The movement of air along parabronchi is most similar to the movement of ________.

If the inner lining of the air sacs is neither thin nor highly vascularized, then what can be inferred about the air sacs?

You are a physician, and you are seeing a patient who complains of abnormal fatigue during exercise. You find that the immediate problem is a buildup of carbon dioxide in the tissues. What is the most likely cause?

In what way does hemoglobin act as a buffer against changes in blood pH?

In which of the following organisms does blood flow from the lungs to the heart before circulating through the rest of the body?

Organisms with a circulating body fluid that is distinct from the fluid that directly surrounds the body's cells are likely to have ________.

If other factors are equal, which of the following environments would have the highest level of dissolved oxygen?

A species that has a normal resting systolic blood pressure of greater than 260 mm Hg is likely to be ________.