Question 1

It is considered a bad idea to skip breakfast because

Accepted Answer

A)  eating breakfast releases leptin, which activates brain cells. 
B)  fuel absorption is faster in the morning than in the afternoon. 
C)  the minerals eaten in a typical breakfast are important for energy metabolism. 
D)  the carbohydrate reserve of the liver can only be refilled during the morning. 
E)  the liver holds a limited amount of glucose for use by the brain, and this supply can be depleted after an overnight fast. 
A)  eating breakfast releases leptin, which activates brain cells. 
B)  fuel absorption is faster in the morning than in the afternoon. 
C)  the minerals eaten in a typical breakfast are important for energy metabolism. 
D)  the carbohydrate reserve of the liver can only be refilled during the morning. 
E)  the liver holds a limited amount of glucose for use by the brain, and this supply can be depleted after an overnight fast.

Question 2

Which of the following would be expected to be useful for the treatment of obesity?

Accepted Answer

A)  a drug that activates leptin, CCK, CART, or MC4 receptors 
B)  a drug that activates NPY or ghrelin receptors 
C)  a drug that promotes fat absorption 
D)  fenfluramine 
E)  a drug that induces more sleep per day 
A)  a drug that activates leptin, CCK, CART, or MC4 receptors 
B)  a drug that activates NPY or ghrelin receptors 
C)  a drug that promotes fat absorption 
D)  fenfluramine 
E)  a drug that induces more sleep per day

Question 3

Compare and contrast the hormonal events that take place during the absorptive and fasting phases of metabolism.

Accepted Answer

In the absorptive phase, the release of

Question 4

The primary symptom of Prader-Willi syndrome is a disturbance of

Accepted Answer

A)  appetite. 
B)  sexual motivation. 
C)  thirst. 
D)  emotionality. 
E)  language. 
A)  appetite. 
B)  sexual motivation. 
C)  thirst. 
D)  emotionality. 
E)  language.

Question 5

Appetite is ________ by secretion of CCK from the gut.

Accepted Answer

inhibited

Question 6

In the experiment by Tordoff and Friedman (1988), reduced eating in a hungry rat was noted after

Accepted Answer

A)  infusions of glucose or fructose into the hepatic portal vein. 
B)  removal of nutrients from the stomach. 
C)  the investigators cut the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve. 
D)  placement of nutrients directly into the stomach. 
E)  2-DG was injected into the hepatic portal vein. 
A)  infusions of glucose or fructose into the hepatic portal vein. 
B)  removal of nutrients from the stomach. 
C)  the investigators cut the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve. 
D)  placement of nutrients directly into the stomach. 
E)  2-DG was injected into the hepatic portal vein.

Question 7

Drugs such as fenfluramine that were used to treat obesity exerted an inhibition of appetite by

Accepted Answer

A)  altering serotonin activity in the PVN. 
B)  causing the release of NPY from cells in the arcuate. 
C)  activating CART receptors. 
D)  blocking serotonin receptor activity in the PVN. 
E)  acting as a serotonin agonist in the brain. 
A)  altering serotonin activity in the PVN. 
B)  causing the release of NPY from cells in the arcuate. 
C)  activating CART receptors. 
D)  blocking serotonin receptor activity in the PVN. 
E)  acting as a serotonin agonist in the brain.

Question 8

Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

A)  elicits eating and drinking. 
B)  inhibits food intake. 
C)  produces sham feeding. 
D)  elicits repetitive chewing movements. 
E)  is an intensely aversive stimulus. 
A)  elicits eating and drinking. 
B)  inhibits food intake. 
C)  produces sham feeding. 
D)  elicits repetitive chewing movements. 
E)  is an intensely aversive stimulus.

Question 9

Detectors for glucose are located within the

Accepted Answer

A)  liver. 
B)  duodenum. 
C)  gut. 
D)  forebrain. 
E)  kidney. 
A)  liver. 
B)  duodenum. 
C)  gut. 
D)  forebrain. 
E)  kidney.

Question 10

The aversive aspects of osmometic thirst reflect activation of neurons within the ________ cortex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The aversive aspects of osmometic thirst reflect...

Question 11

Describe the four essential components of a regulatory system.

Accepted Answer

The system variable is the characteristi

Question 12

Mice that lack ________ insulin receptors show ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gut; obesity 
B)  brain; altered metabolism 
C)  brain; obesity 
D)  brain; rejection of a high-fat diet 
E)  gut; enhanced thermogenesis 
A)  gut; obesity 
B)  brain; altered metabolism 
C)  brain; obesity 
D)  brain; rejection of a high-fat diet 
E)  gut; enhanced thermogenesis

Question 13

Cholecystokinin

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits gastric contractions. 
B)  acts to stimulate eating via the ventromedial hypothalamus. 
C)  stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and pylorus. 
D)  inhibits eating. 
E)  blood levels are related to the sugar content of a meal. 
A)  inhibits gastric contractions. 
B)  acts to stimulate eating via the ventromedial hypothalamus. 
C)  stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and pylorus. 
D)  inhibits eating. 
E)  blood levels are related to the sugar content of a meal.

Question 14

"Head factors" in satiety

Accepted Answer

A)  are restricted to the taste of food being eaten. 
B)  permit an animal to learn to adjust the amount consumed of food containing different amounts of calories. 
C)  produce long-lasting suppression of eating. 
D)  include activation of stretch receptors within the stomach. 
E)  are limited to a single class of nutrients. 
A)  are restricted to the taste of food being eaten. 
B)  permit an animal to learn to adjust the amount consumed of food containing different amounts of calories. 
C)  produce long-lasting suppression of eating. 
D)  include activation of stretch receptors within the stomach. 
E)  are limited to a single class of nutrients.

Question 15

Leptin inhibits eating via

Accepted Answer

A)  blockade of the entry of insulin into brain. 
B)  activation of CCK receptors in brain. 
C)  inhibition of NPY, AGRP, and orexin neurons within the hypothalamus. 
D)  increasing the release of NPY in the hypothalamus. 
E)  inducing the stomach to release more ghrelin. 
A)  blockade of the entry of insulin into brain. 
B)  activation of CCK receptors in brain. 
C)  inhibition of NPY, AGRP, and orexin neurons within the hypothalamus. 
D)  increasing the release of NPY in the hypothalamus. 
E)  inducing the stomach to release more ghrelin.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of meal-related signals?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are two sources of satiety signals that act to stop a meal. 
B)  There is only one satiety signal. 
C)  Ghrelin represents a short-term satiety signal. 
D)  Long-term satiety signals are generated by secretion of insulin and ghrelin. 
E)  Short-term satiety signals are secreted into the blood from adipose tissue. 
A)  There are two sources of satiety signals that act to stop a meal. 
B)  There is only one satiety signal. 
C)  Ghrelin represents a short-term satiety signal. 
D)  Long-term satiety signals are generated by secretion of insulin and ghrelin. 
E)  Short-term satiety signals are secreted into the blood from adipose tissue.

Question 17

A potent stimulus for producing osmometric thirst involves

Accepted Answer

A)  evaporation from the lungs during the winter months. 
B)  vomiting during illness. 
C)  loss of blood after an automobile trauma. 
D)  ingestion of a bag of salted potato chips. 
E)  perspiration. 
A)  evaporation from the lungs during the winter months. 
B)  vomiting during illness. 
C)  loss of blood after an automobile trauma. 
D)  ingestion of a bag of salted potato chips. 
E)  perspiration.

Question 18

The MC4 receptor is activated by and inhibited by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nicotine; amphetamine 
B)  agouti-related protein; NPY 
C)  alpha-MSH; agouti-related protein 
D)  insulin; glucagon 
E)  alpha-MSH; CCK 
A)  nicotine; amphetamine 
B)  agouti-related protein; NPY 
C)  alpha-MSH; agouti-related protein 
D)  insulin; glucagon 
E)  alpha-MSH; CCK

Question 19

Describe the role of the stomach in food intake and compare its importance in producing hunger and satiety.

Accepted Answer

The stomach is not the source of hunger

Question 20

________ is secreted by pancreatic cells in response to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin; a fall in blood glucose 
B)  Glucagon; a rise in blood glucose 
C)  Amylin; entry of fat into the duodenum 
D)  Glucagon; a fall in blood glucose 
E)  Leptin; a fall in blood glucose 
A)  Insulin; a fall in blood glucose 
B)  Glucagon; a rise in blood glucose 
C)  Amylin; entry of fat into the duodenum 
D)  Glucagon; a fall in blood glucose 
E)  Leptin; a fall in blood glucose

It is considered a bad idea to skip breakfast because

Which of the following would be expected to be useful for the treatment of obesity?

Compare and contrast the hormonal events that take place during the absorptive and fasting phases of metabolism.

The primary symptom of Prader-Willi syndrome is a disturbance of

Appetite is ________ by secretion of CCK from the gut.

In the experiment by Tordoff and Friedman (1988), reduced eating in a hungry rat was noted after

Drugs such as fenfluramine that were used to treat obesity exerted an inhibition of appetite by

Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus

Detectors for glucose are located within the

The aversive aspects of osmometic thirst reflect activation of neurons within the ________ cortex.

Describe the four essential components of a regulatory system.

Mice that lack insulin receptors show .

Cholecystokinin

"Head factors" in satiety

Leptin inhibits eating via

Which of the following is true of meal-related signals?

A potent stimulus for producing osmometric thirst involves

The MC4 receptor is activated by and inhibited by ________.

Describe the role of the stomach in food intake and compare its importance in producing hunger and satiety.

is secreted by pancreatic cells in response to .

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Exam 12: Ingestive Behavior

It is considered a bad idea to skip breakfast because

Which of the following would be expected to be useful for the treatment of obesity?

Compare and contrast the hormonal events that take place during the absorptive and fasting phases of metabolism.

The primary symptom of Prader-Willi syndrome is a disturbance of

Appetite is ________ by secretion of CCK from the gut.

In the experiment by Tordoff and Friedman (1988), reduced eating in a hungry rat was noted after

Drugs such as fenfluramine that were used to treat obesity exerted an inhibition of appetite by

Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus

Detectors for glucose are located within the

The aversive aspects of osmometic thirst reflect activation of neurons within the ________ cortex.

Describe the four essential components of a regulatory system.

Mice that lack ________ insulin receptors show ________.

Cholecystokinin

"Head factors" in satiety

Leptin inhibits eating via

Which of the following is true of meal-related signals?

A potent stimulus for producing osmometric thirst involves

The MC4 receptor is activated by and inhibited by ________.

Describe the role of the stomach in food intake and compare its importance in producing hunger and satiety.

________ is secreted by pancreatic cells in response to ________.

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Mice that lack insulin receptors show .

is secreted by pancreatic cells in response to .