Exam 14: Modern Industry and Mass Politics, 1870-1914
What was the impact of the Dreyfus Affair on Europe?
The Dreyfus Affair openly addressed a wave of anti-Semitism that was present in Europe.It polarized Europe and especially French politics.After six years of hostility and controversy,Dreyfus,a French captain wrongfully accused of selling military secrets to Germany,was cleared of all guilt and reinstated,but the consequences were heavy.The first was the separation of church and state in France.Republicans were convinced that the church and army were hostile to the republic.Clerics were forbidden from teaching in schools and for the first time since Charlemagne had enlisted France to act as the protector of the church.Church and state were legally separated.The radical right did not take this separation easily.The mayor of Vienna was elected on an anti-Semitism platform,and new literary works were published exposing an imagined Jewish plot to dominate the world.Several Jews were framed by other European governments,and Drumont,along with others,linked nationalism to the new cause in which social and political issues were cast in racial terms.A response to this threat was a new movement that arose across Europe,Zionism,which called for a homeland for the Jews in which they could be safe from anti-Semitism.
Although discovered much earlier,the development of electricity in the late 1800s led to all of the following except:
E
Under the Russian Tsar Nicholas II,Russification:
A
The nineteenth-century political theory of liberalism looked to _________ to confirm its tenets.
Founder of the Woman's Social and Political Union (WSPU),an organization that adopted tactics of militancy and civil disobedience:
A powerful new tool of a general strike of all industrial workers was proposed by the syndicalists,who argued that it would do more to bring down the state than electoral politics.
In the 1870s and 1880s,British women established their own colleges a Cambridge and Oxford.
By 1884,Germany,France,and Britain had extended voting rights most broadly,but even in those countries,the members of society who continued to be denied the vote as a group were:
Why did the industrial and social changes of the nineteenth century destabilize Russia?
What gains were made by the Russian revolution of 1905? Why were these gains not enough to complete Russia's transition to a modern nation?
Published in 1903 and 1905,The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion:
Conditioning,as developed by Ivan Pavlov,became a part of the psychological school of:
In 1864,Pope Pius IX issued the Syllabus of Folly condemning what he regarded as the principal religious and philosophical errors of the time.
What was modernism,and how did it reflect the changes in society during the late nineteenth century?
In response to the growing materialism and free thought in the world,Pope Pius IX issued an encyclical entitled:
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