Question 1

Write an essay on acid rain in which you discuss its sources,its effects,and the efforts that have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants that cause it.

Accepted Answer

Formation: incomplete combusti

Question 2

What are the concerns about Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs)in the lower troposphere?

Accepted Answer

A) These are principally related to sulfur dioxides. 
B) These are formed by particulates such as dust,dirt,soot,and ash. 
C) These damage and kill plant tissue but do not appear to affect people. 
D) These are emitted from the tail pipes of automobiles; i.e.,it comes directly from automobile exhaust. 
A) These are principally related to sulfur dioxides. 
B) These are formed by particulates such as dust,dirt,soot,and ash. 
C) These damage and kill plant tissue but do not appear to affect people. 
D) These are emitted from the tail pipes of automobiles; i.e.,it comes directly from automobile exhaust.

Question 3

Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica?

Accepted Answer

A) The ozone hole is a natural phenomenon related to high polar stratospheric clouds. 
B) South American countries have not ratified the Montreal Protocol and continue to release ozone-destroying CFCs. 
C) Chlorine freed from CFCs elsewhere migrate to the Antarctic region,where they are trapped by the polar vortex. 
D) Ozone,a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated from Earth's surface,has highest concentration in Antarctica. 
A) The ozone hole is a natural phenomenon related to high polar stratospheric clouds. 
B) South American countries have not ratified the Montreal Protocol and continue to release ozone-destroying CFCs. 
C) Chlorine freed from CFCs elsewhere migrate to the Antarctic region,where they are trapped by the polar vortex. 
D) Ozone,a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated from Earth's surface,has highest concentration in Antarctica.

Question 4

In which two atmospheric zones does temperature decrease with altitude?

Accepted Answer

A) Troposphere and mesosphere. 
B) Troposphere and stratosphere. 
C) Stratosphere and mesosphere. 
D) Stratosphere and thermosphere. 
A) Troposphere and mesosphere. 
B) Troposphere and stratosphere. 
C) Stratosphere and mesosphere. 
D) Stratosphere and thermosphere.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes air pollution?

Accepted Answer

A) Both natural and anthropogenic gases,particles,and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
B) Solely anthropogenic gases,particles,and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
C) Solely natural gases,particles,and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
D) A distinct class of gases,particles,and other substances that the Environment Canada has deemed worthy of regulating. 
A) Both natural and anthropogenic gases,particles,and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
B) Solely anthropogenic gases,particles,and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
C) Solely natural gases,particles,and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. 
D) A distinct class of gases,particles,and other substances that the Environment Canada has deemed worthy of regulating.

Question 6

Which of the following resulted in the development of photochemical smog?

Accepted Answer

A) Coal burning stoves. 
B) The industrial revolution. 
C) Smelting of ores. 
D) Automobiles. 
A) Coal burning stoves. 
B) The industrial revolution. 
C) Smelting of ores. 
D) Automobiles.

Question 7

Based on human-induced changes to the atmosphere,what have some people tentatively labelled Earth's next atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) The living atmosphere. 
B) The modern atmosphere. 
C) The ozonosphere. 
D) The anthropogenic atmosphere. 
A) The living atmosphere. 
B) The modern atmosphere. 
C) The ozonosphere. 
D) The anthropogenic atmosphere.

Question 8

The heterosphere has a layered structure,whereas the homosphere occurs as an even mixture of gases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is associated with a lower pH of a liquid?

Accepted Answer

A) A liquid that is more acidic. 
B) A liquid that is more basic. 
C) A more neutral liquid. 
D) A more chemically reactive substance. 
A) A liquid that is more acidic. 
B) A liquid that is more basic. 
C) A more neutral liquid. 
D) A more chemically reactive substance.

Question 10

Which anthropogenic air pollutants are least harmful to humans? Most harmful,and in what ways? Which are most damaging to plants?

Accepted Answer

See table 3.4.It lis

Question 11

Which of the following is true of chlorofluorocarbons?

Accepted Answer

A) They have been used to power internal combustion engines. 
B) They are used in refrigeration systems,to make foam products and as propellants in spray cans. 
C) They are used to reduce friction in the braking system of automobiles. 
D) They are used to regulate the thermal conductivity of the tiles on the outside of the International Space Station. 
A) They have been used to power internal combustion engines. 
B) They are used in refrigeration systems,to make foam products and as propellants in spray cans. 
C) They are used to reduce friction in the braking system of automobiles. 
D) They are used to regulate the thermal conductivity of the tiles on the outside of the International Space Station.

Question 12

What is the outermost region of the atmosphere,based on composition?

Accepted Answer

A) Homosphere. 
B) Heterosphere. 
C) Troposphere. 
D) Thermosphere. 
A) Homosphere. 
B) Heterosphere. 
C) Troposphere. 
D) Thermosphere.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of gases in the heterosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) The hydrogen,helium,oxygen and nitrogen are well mixed. 
B) The hydrogen and helium occur at the top of the heterosphere,and the nitrogen and oxygen at the bottom. 
C) The nitrogen and oxygen occur at the top of the heterosphere and the hydrogen and helium at the bottom. 
D) Nitrogen occurs at the top,followed-in descending order-by helium,oxygen and hydrogen. 
A) The hydrogen,helium,oxygen and nitrogen are well mixed. 
B) The hydrogen and helium occur at the top of the heterosphere,and the nitrogen and oxygen at the bottom. 
C) The nitrogen and oxygen occur at the top of the heterosphere and the hydrogen and helium at the bottom. 
D) Nitrogen occurs at the top,followed-in descending order-by helium,oxygen and hydrogen.

Question 14

What causes acid deposition?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbonic acids dissolved from atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
B) Nitric acid and sulfuric acid,formed from nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. 
C) Hydrocarbons,nitrogen dioxide,and carbon monoxide. 
D) Hydrochloric acid,formed from the combination of hydrogen chloride and water. 
A) Carbonic acids dissolved from atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
B) Nitric acid and sulfuric acid,formed from nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. 
C) Hydrocarbons,nitrogen dioxide,and carbon monoxide. 
D) Hydrochloric acid,formed from the combination of hydrogen chloride and water.

Question 15

Which stable (nonvariable)gas in the atmosphere is inert and unusable in life processes?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen. 
B) Nitrogen. 
C) Argon. 
D) Carbon dioxide. 
A) Oxygen. 
B) Nitrogen. 
C) Argon. 
D) Carbon dioxide.

Question 16

How does the ionosphere affect GPS?

Accepted Answer

A) GPS satellites orbit Earth in the ionosphere. 
B) GPS ground stations lose contact with geosynchronous satellites orbiting near the poles. 
C) GPS signals much pass through the ionosphere,whose gases weaken the signal. 
D) Positively charged ions in the ionosphere speed up the GPS signal,causing signal error. 
A) GPS satellites orbit Earth in the ionosphere. 
B) GPS ground stations lose contact with geosynchronous satellites orbiting near the poles. 
C) GPS signals much pass through the ionosphere,whose gases weaken the signal. 
D) Positively charged ions in the ionosphere speed up the GPS signal,causing signal error.

Question 17

Which of the following are affected by the loss of ozone?

Accepted Answer

A) Crop yields,phytoplankton populations,immune systems,and eye tissues. 
B) Extreme winter storms,spring flooding,summer heat waves. 
C) Weight loss,reproductive failure and colour blindness in fish populations. 
D) Increased cloudiness,higher mid-latitude wind velocities,more pronounced Coriolis affect. 
A) Crop yields,phytoplankton populations,immune systems,and eye tissues. 
B) Extreme winter storms,spring flooding,summer heat waves. 
C) Weight loss,reproductive failure and colour blindness in fish populations. 
D) Increased cloudiness,higher mid-latitude wind velocities,more pronounced Coriolis affect.

Question 18

Which of the following is a source of natural variable pollutants?

Accepted Answer

A) Automobile exhaust. 
B) Paint fumes. 
C) Plants and decaying plants. 
D) Industrial activity. 
A) Automobile exhaust. 
B) Paint fumes. 
C) Plants and decaying plants. 
D) Industrial activity.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the troposphere?

Accepted Answer

A) The altitude of the upper limits of the troposphere (the tropopause)varies with cloud cover. 
B) Approximately 20% of the total mass of the atmosphere is within the troposphere. 
C) Temperatures increase with altitude in the troposphere because the higher in altitude,the closer to the sun. 
D) The bulk of all water vapour occurs in the troposphere. 
A) The altitude of the upper limits of the troposphere (the tropopause)varies with cloud cover. 
B) Approximately 20% of the total mass of the atmosphere is within the troposphere. 
C) Temperatures increase with altitude in the troposphere because the higher in altitude,the closer to the sun. 
D) The bulk of all water vapour occurs in the troposphere.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes particulate matter?

Accepted Answer

A) It is,by definition,larger than 100 microns. 
B) It can include material in smoke. 
C) It has not yet been studied by scientists. 
D) It has not been associated with health risks. 
A) It is,by definition,larger than 100 microns. 
B) It can include material in smoke. 
C) It has not yet been studied by scientists. 
D) It has not been associated with health risks.

Write an essay on acid rain in which you discuss its sources,its effects,and the efforts that have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants that cause it.

What are the concerns about Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs)in the lower troposphere?

Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica?

In which two atmospheric zones does temperature decrease with altitude?

Which of the following best describes air pollution?

Which of the following resulted in the development of photochemical smog?

Based on human-induced changes to the atmosphere,what have some people tentatively labelled Earth's next atmosphere?

The heterosphere has a layered structure,whereas the homosphere occurs as an even mixture of gases.

Which of the following is associated with a lower pH of a liquid?

Which anthropogenic air pollutants are least harmful to humans? Most harmful,and in what ways? Which are most damaging to plants?

Which of the following is true of chlorofluorocarbons?

What is the outermost region of the atmosphere,based on composition?

Which of the following is true of gases in the heterosphere?

What causes acid deposition?

Which stable (nonvariable)gas in the atmosphere is inert and unusable in life processes?

How does the ionosphere affect GPS?

Which of the following are affected by the loss of ozone?

Which of the following is a source of natural variable pollutants?

Which of the following is true about the troposphere?

Which of the following best describes particulate matter?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Oceans, coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 3: Earths Modern Atmosphere

Write an essay on acid rain in which you discuss its sources,its effects,and the efforts that have been made to reduce the amount of pollutants that cause it.

What are the concerns about Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs)in the lower troposphere?

Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica?

In which two atmospheric zones does temperature decrease with altitude?

Which of the following best describes air pollution?

Which of the following resulted in the development of photochemical smog?

Based on human-induced changes to the atmosphere,what have some people tentatively labelled Earth's next atmosphere?

The heterosphere has a layered structure,whereas the homosphere occurs as an even mixture of gases.

Which of the following is associated with a lower pH of a liquid?

Which anthropogenic air pollutants are least harmful to humans? Most harmful,and in what ways? Which are most damaging to plants?

Which of the following is true of chlorofluorocarbons?

What is the outermost region of the atmosphere,based on composition?

Which of the following is true of gases in the heterosphere?

What causes acid deposition?

Which stable (nonvariable)gas in the atmosphere is inert and unusable in life processes?

How does the ionosphere affect GPS?

Which of the following are affected by the loss of ozone?

Which of the following is a source of natural variable pollutants?

Which of the following is true about the troposphere?

Which of the following best describes particulate matter?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Oceans, coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters