Question 1

Describe the processes of denudation.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary,but in general,denudation refers to the collective processes of weathering,mass movement,erosion,transportation,and deposition.This chapter focuses primarily on weathering and mass movement.

Question 2

Which of the following is a denudation process?

Accepted Answer

A) Weathering. 
B) Subduction. 
C) Orogeny. 
D) Folding. 
A) Weathering. 
B) Subduction. 
C) Orogeny. 
D) Folding. A

Question 3

Fence posts and utility poles leaning downslope indicate slumping.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Which portions of a slope overlap substantially?

Accepted Answer

A) Waxing slope and waning slope. 
B) Waxing slope and free face. 
C) Free face and debris slope. 
D) Debris slope and waning slope. 
A) Waxing slope and waning slope. 
B) Waxing slope and free face. 
C) Free face and debris slope. 
D) Debris slope and waning slope.

Question 5

Discuss the dynamic equilibrium model and the concept of geomorphic threshold.

Accepted Answer

The dynamic equilibrium model is based o

Question 6

Which explains why exfoliation occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) Water combines with minerals and increases their size,thereby causing surrounding minerals to expand. 
B) Water freezes in joints and expands. 
C) Overlying rock is removed,thereby allowing the underlying rock mass to expand and fracture. 
D) Evaporated water leaves behind previously dissolved mineral to form crystals,which accumulate and grow over time,exerting pressure on the rock. 
A) Water combines with minerals and increases their size,thereby causing surrounding minerals to expand. 
B) Water freezes in joints and expands. 
C) Overlying rock is removed,thereby allowing the underlying rock mass to expand and fracture. 
D) Evaporated water leaves behind previously dissolved mineral to form crystals,which accumulate and grow over time,exerting pressure on the rock.

Question 7

When rock is broken down and disintegrated in the presence of water and with chemical alterations to the rock,which is the process in operation?

Accepted Answer

A) Physical weathering. 
B) Chemical weathering. 
C) Hydrolysis. 
D) Carbonation. 
A) Physical weathering. 
B) Chemical weathering. 
C) Hydrolysis. 
D) Carbonation.

Question 8

Which is the broken-up rock created when the upper surface of consolidated rock undergoes constant weathering?

Accepted Answer

A) Bedrock. 
B) Regolith. 
C) Parent material. 
D) Outcrop. 
A) Bedrock. 
B) Regolith. 
C) Parent material. 
D) Outcrop.

Question 9

In the Andes Mountains of South America,entire towns of thousands of people have been buried suddenly when water and loose materials travelled downhill as a viscous fluid.Which is this type of catastrophic event?

Accepted Answer

A) Lahar. 
B) Slump. 
C) Rock fall. 
D) Debris avalanche. 
A) Lahar. 
B) Slump. 
C) Rock fall. 
D) Debris avalanche.

Question 10

Consider that the climate of a region slowly changes and tectonic adjustments slowly occur.Which best describes the landscape?

Accepted Answer

A) It is constantly at a threshold condition. 
B) It adjusts to new conditions that develop,and then remains unchanged for extended periods of time. 
C) It is usually in a steady state of equilibrium. 
D) It is continuously adjusting,and is in a state of dynamic equilibrium,but is not constantly at a threshold. 
A) It is constantly at a threshold condition. 
B) It adjusts to new conditions that develop,and then remains unchanged for extended periods of time. 
C) It is usually in a steady state of equilibrium. 
D) It is continuously adjusting,and is in a state of dynamic equilibrium,but is not constantly at a threshold.

Question 11

Exfoliation and pressure-release jointing are examples of which weathering process?

Accepted Answer

A) Chemical. 
B) Physical. 
C) Biological. 
D) Biogeochemical. 
A) Chemical. 
B) Physical. 
C) Biological. 
D) Biogeochemical.

Question 12

Hydrolysis involves which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) The chemical reaction of water. 
B) The addition of water with little chemical change. 
C) Frost action. 
D) Salt crystal growth from evaporation. 
A) The chemical reaction of water. 
B) The addition of water with little chemical change. 
C) Frost action. 
D) Salt crystal growth from evaporation.

Question 13

Which is any large cave formed by chemical processes?

Accepted Answer

A) Cavern. 
B) Doline. 
C) Karst valley. 
D) Collapse sinkhole. 
A) Cavern. 
B) Doline. 
C) Karst valley. 
D) Collapse sinkhole.

Question 14

Karst topography is formed primarily by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbonation and solution. 
B) Mass wasting processes. 
C) Oxidation and hydrolysis. 
D) Exfoliation and hydration. 
A) Carbonation and solution. 
B) Mass wasting processes. 
C) Oxidation and hydrolysis. 
D) Exfoliation and hydration.

Question 15

Which may form at the bottom of cockpits and may even be an important cause of cockpit karst topography?

Accepted Answer

A) River floodplains. 
B) Sinkholes. 
C) Stalactites. 
D) Grabens. 
A) River floodplains. 
B) Sinkholes. 
C) Stalactites. 
D) Grabens.

Question 16

Salt-crystal growth (salt weathering)is prevalent in which climate type?

Accepted Answer

A) Mesothermal. 
B) Tropical. 
C) Arid. 
D) Polar. 
A) Mesothermal. 
B) Tropical. 
C) Arid. 
D) Polar.

Question 17

Which does a translational slide involve?

Accepted Answer

A) Rotational movement of surface material. 
B) Movement of surface material along a planar surface. 
C) Unconsolidated flow of material. 
D) Mudflow. 
A) Rotational movement of surface material. 
B) Movement of surface material along a planar surface. 
C) Unconsolidated flow of material. 
D) Mudflow.

Question 18

Describe the factors influencing the weathering process.

Accepted Answer

The major factors influencing

Question 19

On a typical hillside,which is the consolidated rock overlain by loose surface material?

Accepted Answer

A) Bedrock. 
B) Regolith. 
C) Parent material. 
D) Outcrop. 
A) Bedrock. 
B) Regolith. 
C) Parent material. 
D) Outcrop.

Question 20

Which of the following are the principal active agents involved in chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen,silicon,aluminum. 
B) Magnesium,water,limestone. 
C) Water,oxygen,carbon dioxide. 
D) Nitrogen,oxygen,argon. 
A) Oxygen,silicon,aluminum. 
B) Magnesium,water,limestone. 
C) Water,oxygen,carbon dioxide. 
D) Nitrogen,oxygen,argon.

Describe the processes of denudation.

Which of the following is a denudation process?

Fence posts and utility poles leaning downslope indicate slumping.

Which portions of a slope overlap substantially?

Discuss the dynamic equilibrium model and the concept of geomorphic threshold.

Which explains why exfoliation occurs?

When rock is broken down and disintegrated in the presence of water and with chemical alterations to the rock,which is the process in operation?

Which is the broken-up rock created when the upper surface of consolidated rock undergoes constant weathering?

In the Andes Mountains of South America,entire towns of thousands of people have been buried suddenly when water and loose materials travelled downhill as a viscous fluid.Which is this type of catastrophic event?

Consider that the climate of a region slowly changes and tectonic adjustments slowly occur.Which best describes the landscape?

Exfoliation and pressure-release jointing are examples of which weathering process?

Hydrolysis involves which of the following?

Which is any large cave formed by chemical processes?

Karst topography is formed primarily by which of the following?

Which may form at the bottom of cockpits and may even be an important cause of cockpit karst topography?

Salt-crystal growth (salt weathering)is prevalent in which climate type?

Which does a translational slide involve?

Describe the factors influencing the weathering process.

On a typical hillside,which is the consolidated rock overlain by loose surface material?

Which of the following are the principal active agents involved in chemical weathering?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, earthquakes, and Volcanism

River Systems

Oceans, coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 14: Weathering, karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Describe the processes of denudation.

Which of the following is a denudation process?

Fence posts and utility poles leaning downslope indicate slumping.

Which portions of a slope overlap substantially?

Discuss the dynamic equilibrium model and the concept of geomorphic threshold.

Which explains why exfoliation occurs?

When rock is broken down and disintegrated in the presence of water and with chemical alterations to the rock,which is the process in operation?

Which is the broken-up rock created when the upper surface of consolidated rock undergoes constant weathering?

In the Andes Mountains of South America,entire towns of thousands of people have been buried suddenly when water and loose materials travelled downhill as a viscous fluid.Which is this type of catastrophic event?

Consider that the climate of a region slowly changes and tectonic adjustments slowly occur.Which best describes the landscape?

Exfoliation and pressure-release jointing are examples of which weathering process?

Hydrolysis involves which of the following?

Which is any large cave formed by chemical processes?

Karst topography is formed primarily by which of the following?

Which may form at the bottom of cockpits and may even be an important cause of cockpit karst topography?

Salt-crystal growth (salt weathering)is prevalent in which climate type?

Which does a translational slide involve?

Describe the factors influencing the weathering process.

On a typical hillside,which is the consolidated rock overlain by loose surface material?

Which of the following are the principal active agents involved in chemical weathering?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, earthquakes, and Volcanism

River Systems

Oceans, coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

Glacial and Periglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters