Question 1

A glacier behaves more like a plastic than a rigid body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which best describes permafrost?

Accepted Answer

A) It develops where soil or rock temperatures are below freezing for at least two years. 
B) It primarily occurs in areas covered with glaciers. 
C) The surface layer of permafrost never thaws,even in the warm season. 
D) It tends to occur at lower elevations in the midlatitudes than in the high latitudes. 
A) It develops where soil or rock temperatures are below freezing for at least two years. 
B) It primarily occurs in areas covered with glaciers. 
C) The surface layer of permafrost never thaws,even in the warm season. 
D) It tends to occur at lower elevations in the midlatitudes than in the high latitudes.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the Pleistocene?

Accepted Answer

A) Sea levels were 100 m higher than today. 
B) At its height almost three quarters of Earth was covered with ice. 
C) It began 1.65 mya and had at least 18 glacial/interglacial cycles. 
D) The southern terminus of continuous ice at its greatest extent was located in northern Florida. 
A) Sea levels were 100 m higher than today. 
B) At its height almost three quarters of Earth was covered with ice. 
C) It began 1.65 mya and had at least 18 glacial/interglacial cycles. 
D) The southern terminus of continuous ice at its greatest extent was located in northern Florida.

Question 4

How does the time required for glaciation to occur compare to the time required for deglaciation to happen?

Accepted Answer

A) Glaciation requires 1000 years; deglaciation requires 100 years. 
B) Glaciation requires 100 years; deglaciation requires 1000 years. 
C) Glaciation requires 100 000 years; deglaciation requires 10 000 years. 
D) Glaciation requires 10 000 years; deglaciation requires 90 000 years. 
A) Glaciation requires 1000 years; deglaciation requires 100 years. 
B) Glaciation requires 100 years; deglaciation requires 1000 years. 
C) Glaciation requires 100 000 years; deglaciation requires 10 000 years. 
D) Glaciation requires 10 000 years; deglaciation requires 90 000 years.

Question 5

Much of western North America relies heavily on snowmelt for municipal water supplies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which is a steep-sided glaciofluvial depression that occurs as the result of blocks of ice calving from the retreating glacier,becoming buried by the subsequent accumulation of till around the ice block,and finally,the ice block melting?

Accepted Answer

A) Drumlin. 
B) Kame. 
C) Esker. 
D) Kettle. 
A) Drumlin. 
B) Kame. 
C) Esker. 
D) Kettle.

Question 7

During a surge,a glacier moves up to 2 km • h-1.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is an adaptation to living in periglacial regions?

Accepted Answer

A) Buildings placed directly on frozen,hard surfaces. 
B) Burying water and sewage lines. 
C) Raising oil pipelines above the frozen ground. 
D) Careful maintenance of rail tracks and roadbeds in the winter. 
A) Buildings placed directly on frozen,hard surfaces. 
B) Burying water and sewage lines. 
C) Raising oil pipelines above the frozen ground. 
D) Careful maintenance of rail tracks and roadbeds in the winter.

Question 9

Discuss several issues glacial and periglacial environments may face during the 21st Century.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary.The main broad issue f

Question 10

If two glaciers with lengthy ridges of till along each side of the glacier merge,which moraine may form?

Accepted Answer

A) Ground. 
B) Terminal. 
C) Medial. 
D) Lateral. 
A) Ground. 
B) Terminal. 
C) Medial. 
D) Lateral.

Question 11

During the Pleistocene up to 11% of Earth was covered with ice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

About half of Arctic sea-ice volume has disappeared since 1970 due to warming throughout the region.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which is glacial ice?

Accepted Answer

A) It is essentially the same as snow. 
B) It is formed from continual accumulation of snow that recrystallizes under its own weight into an ice mass over a period of many years. 
C) It is made of sedimentary rock. 
D) It is generally less dense than snow and firn. 
A) It is essentially the same as snow. 
B) It is formed from continual accumulation of snow that recrystallizes under its own weight into an ice mass over a period of many years. 
C) It is made of sedimentary rock. 
D) It is generally less dense than snow and firn.

Question 14

What is the importance of the Pleistocene ice age epoch to the modern day?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary because of the long-las

Question 15

During the height of the Pleistocene ice age,the glaciers extended as far south as the Ohio and Missouri river systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

If a glacier does not have debris embedded in its base,it is not a very effective agent of abrasion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which is the average thickness of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets?

Accepted Answer

A) More than 1000 m. 
B) More than 2000 m. 
C) More than 3000 m. 
D) More than 4000 m. 
A) More than 1000 m. 
B) More than 2000 m. 
C) More than 3000 m. 
D) More than 4000 m.

Question 18

Which may be associated with glacial surges?

Accepted Answer

A) Glaciers frozen at the bed. 
B) Bedrock below the glacier that allows ice to slip easily downslope. 
C) Friction at the bed due to surface roughness. 
D) Water pressure,soft bed beneath the glacier,or lubrication from meltwater. 
A) Glaciers frozen at the bed. 
B) Bedrock below the glacier that allows ice to slip easily downslope. 
C) Friction at the bed due to surface roughness. 
D) Water pressure,soft bed beneath the glacier,or lubrication from meltwater.

Question 19

Which usually results in the formation of crevasses?

Accepted Answer

A) Regelation and slippage. 
B) Ablation. 
C) Deposition and termination. 
D) Friction,tension,and compression. 
A) Regelation and slippage. 
B) Ablation. 
C) Deposition and termination. 
D) Friction,tension,and compression.

Question 20

Where is the bulk of ice on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) North America,specifically Alaska. 
B) European and Asian mountain ranges. 
C) Greenland and Antarctica. 
D) Floating ice shelves and packs. 
A) North America,specifically Alaska. 
B) European and Asian mountain ranges. 
C) Greenland and Antarctica. 
D) Floating ice shelves and packs.

A glacier behaves more like a plastic than a rigid body.

Which best describes permafrost?

Which of the following best describes the Pleistocene?

How does the time required for glaciation to occur compare to the time required for deglaciation to happen?

Much of western North America relies heavily on snowmelt for municipal water supplies.

Which is a steep-sided glaciofluvial depression that occurs as the result of blocks of ice calving from the retreating glacier,becoming buried by the subsequent accumulation of till around the ice block,and finally,the ice block melting?

During a surge,a glacier moves up to 2 km • h-1.

Which of the following is an adaptation to living in periglacial regions?

Discuss several issues glacial and periglacial environments may face during the 21st Century.

If two glaciers with lengthy ridges of till along each side of the glacier merge,which moraine may form?

During the Pleistocene up to 11% of Earth was covered with ice.

About half of Arctic sea-ice volume has disappeared since 1970 due to warming throughout the region.

Which is glacial ice?

What is the importance of the Pleistocene ice age epoch to the modern day?

During the height of the Pleistocene ice age,the glaciers extended as far south as the Ohio and Missouri river systems.

If a glacier does not have debris embedded in its base,it is not a very effective agent of abrasion.

Which is the average thickness of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets?

Which may be associated with glacial surges?

Which usually results in the formation of crevasses?

Where is the bulk of ice on Earth?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

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Oceans, coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

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Exam 17: Glacial and Periglacial Landscapes

A glacier behaves more like a plastic than a rigid body.

Which best describes permafrost?

Which of the following best describes the Pleistocene?

How does the time required for glaciation to occur compare to the time required for deglaciation to happen?

Much of western North America relies heavily on snowmelt for municipal water supplies.

Which is a steep-sided glaciofluvial depression that occurs as the result of blocks of ice calving from the retreating glacier,becoming buried by the subsequent accumulation of till around the ice block,and finally,the ice block melting?

During a surge,a glacier moves up to 2 km • h-1.

Which of the following is an adaptation to living in periglacial regions?

Discuss several issues glacial and periglacial environments may face during the 21st Century.

If two glaciers with lengthy ridges of till along each side of the glacier merge,which moraine may form?

During the Pleistocene up to 11% of Earth was covered with ice.

About half of Arctic sea-ice volume has disappeared since 1970 due to warming throughout the region.

Which is glacial ice?

What is the importance of the Pleistocene ice age epoch to the modern day?

During the height of the Pleistocene ice age,the glaciers extended as far south as the Ohio and Missouri river systems.

If a glacier does not have debris embedded in its base,it is not a very effective agent of abrasion.

Which is the average thickness of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets?

Which may be associated with glacial surges?

Which usually results in the formation of crevasses?

Where is the bulk of ice on Earth?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earths Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Oceans, coastal Processes, and Wind Processes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters