Question 1

Researchers are exploring whether treatment with ________ might improve social behavior in those with ASD.

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal hormones 
B)  testosterone 
C)  MMR vaccinations 
D)  oxytocin 
A)  adrenal hormones 
B)  testosterone 
C)  MMR vaccinations 
D)  oxytocin

Question 2

Your understanding and awareness of who you are is your

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  self-concept. 
D)  theory of mind. 
A)  temperament. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  self-concept. 
D)  theory of mind.

Question 3

According to Piaget,we come to know the world primarily by looking,touching,mouthing,and grasping during the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  formal operational 
D)  preoperational 
A)  concrete operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  formal operational 
D)  preoperational

Question 4

In a British study following more than 7000 people from birth to adulthood,those individuals whose fathers were most involved in parenting tended to demonstrate greater

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism. 
B)  stranger anxiety. 
C)  object permanence. 
D)  academic achievement. 
A)  egocentrism. 
B)  stranger anxiety. 
C)  object permanence. 
D)  academic achievement.

Question 5

Mr.Firkin is a shy and reserved person,who often feels tense and nervous.In therapy,he recalled that he had an unhappy childhood,feeling that he did not receive enough attention from his mother and resenting the conservative family discipline and lifestyle enforced by his father.He blames both parents for his current anxiety,unhappiness,and loneliness.In light of your understanding of the interactive influences of nature and nurture,explain why Mr.Firkin's complaints about his parents may be somewhat unfair and unhelpful.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mr.Firkin is a shy and reserved person,who...

Question 6

Parents who are neither demanding nor responsive are said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritarian. 
B)  permissive. 
C)  negligent. 
D)  authoritative. 
A)  authoritarian. 
B)  permissive. 
C)  negligent. 
D)  authoritative.

Question 7

A mother who is consistently sensitive and responsive to her infant's cries for care and protection is most likely to encourage

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism. 
B)  stranger anxiety. 
C)  secure attachment. 
D)  conservation. 
A)  egocentrism. 
B)  stranger anxiety. 
C)  secure attachment. 
D)  conservation.

Question 8

Vygotsky suggested that new words provide a temporary ________ from which children can step to higher levels of thinking

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational stage 
B)  neural network 
C)  critical period 
D)  scaffold 
A)  preoperational stage 
B)  neural network 
C)  critical period 
D)  scaffold

Question 9

Infant monkeys raised with a nourishing wire mother and a nonnourishing cloth mother

Accepted Answer

A)  preferred the nourishing wire mother. 
B)  preferred the nonnourishing cloth mother. 
C)  showed no preference for one mother over the other. 
D)  shifted their initial preference for the wire mother to the cloth mother as they matured. 
A)  preferred the nourishing wire mother. 
B)  preferred the nonnourishing cloth mother. 
C)  showed no preference for one mother over the other. 
D)  shifted their initial preference for the wire mother to the cloth mother as they matured.

Question 10

Half the mothers of temperamentally difficult infants received personal training in sensitive responding.The other half did not.Those who received this training were more likely than the others to have their 12-month-old babies rated as

Accepted Answer

A)  empathizers. 
B)  systemizers 
C)  securely attached. 
D)  egocentric. 
A)  empathizers. 
B)  systemizers 
C)  securely attached. 
D)  egocentric.

Question 11

Olivia understands her world primarily by grasping and sucking easily available objects.Olivia is clearly in Piaget's ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational 
B)  concrete operational 
C)  sensorimotor 
D)  formal operational 
A)  preoperational 
B)  concrete operational 
C)  sensorimotor 
D)  formal operational

Question 12

Simon Baron-Cohen has suggested that ASD affects more boys than girls because girls are more naturally disposed to be _________,whereas boys are more naturally disposed to be _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  trusting;self-aware 
B)  confrontive;coercive 
C)  empathizers;systemizers 
D)  idealists;realists 
A)  trusting;self-aware 
B)  confrontive;coercive 
C)  empathizers;systemizers 
D)  idealists;realists

Question 13

The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by

Accepted Answer

A)  Erikson's psychosocial development theory. 
B)  Piaget's cognitive development theory. 
C)  Harlow's attachment theory. 
D)  Vygotsky's social cognitive theory. 
A)  Erikson's psychosocial development theory. 
B)  Piaget's cognitive development theory. 
C)  Harlow's attachment theory. 
D)  Vygotsky's social cognitive theory.

Question 14

Preschoolers' acquisition of a theory of mind suggests that Piaget overestimated young children's

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism. 
B)  infantile amnesia. 
C)  stranger anxiety. 
D)  sense of object permanence. 
A)  egocentrism. 
B)  infantile amnesia. 
C)  stranger anxiety. 
D)  sense of object permanence.

Question 15

Infants who are unable to predict how their parents will react to their cries for care and attention are especially likely to show signs of

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism. 
B)  conservation. 
C)  insecure attachment. 
D)  assimilation. 
A)  egocentrism. 
B)  conservation. 
C)  insecure attachment. 
D)  assimilation.

Question 16

Four-year-old Karen can't remember anything of the first few months of her life.This is best explained by the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  the trauma of birth interferes with the early formation of memories. 
B)  most brain cells do not yet exist at the time of birth. 
C)  experiences shortly after birth are a meaningless blur of darkness and light. 
D)  the hippocampus and frontal lobes are immature during early infancy. 
A)  the trauma of birth interferes with the early formation of memories. 
B)  most brain cells do not yet exist at the time of birth. 
C)  experiences shortly after birth are a meaningless blur of darkness and light. 
D)  the hippocampus and frontal lobes are immature during early infancy.

Question 17

Using a large box to symbolize a boat and brooms to symbolize fishing poles,Jerry and Tommy imagined themselves catching fish out of a lake.The children are most clearly demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation. 
B)  theory of mind. 
C)  pretend play. 
D)  egocentrism. 
A)  conservation. 
B)  theory of mind. 
C)  pretend play. 
D)  egocentrism.

Question 18

Autism spectrum disorder is a disorder characterized by deficient social interaction and an impaired

Accepted Answer

A)  capacity for stranger anxiety. 
B)  sense of object permanence. 
C)  theory of mind. 
D)  concept of conservation. 
A)  capacity for stranger anxiety. 
B)  sense of object permanence. 
C)  theory of mind. 
D)  concept of conservation.

Question 19

Five-year-old Tammy mistakenly believes that her short,wide glass contains less soda than her brother's tall,narrow glass.Actually,both glasses contain the same amount of soda.This illustrates that Tammy lacks the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  assimilation. 
D)  object permanence. 
A)  conservation. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  assimilation. 
D)  object permanence.

Question 20

Infants accustomed to a puppet jumping three times on stage show surprise if the puppet jumps only twice.This suggests that Piaget

Accepted Answer

A)  overestimated the continuity of cognitive development. 
B)  underestimated the cognitive capacities of infants. 
C)  overestimated the impact of culture on infant intelligence. 
D)  underestimated the impact of object permanence on infant attachment. 
A)  overestimated the continuity of cognitive development. 
B)  underestimated the cognitive capacities of infants. 
C)  overestimated the impact of culture on infant intelligence. 
D)  underestimated the impact of object permanence on infant attachment.

Exam 14: Hearing

Researchers are exploring whether treatment with ________ might improve social behavior in those with ASD.

Your understanding and awareness of who you are is your

According to Piaget,we come to know the world primarily by looking,touching,mouthing,and grasping during the ________ stage.

In a British study following more than 7000 people from birth to adulthood,those individuals whose fathers were most involved in parenting tended to demonstrate greater

Parents who are neither demanding nor responsive are said to be

A mother who is consistently sensitive and responsive to her infant's cries for care and protection is most likely to encourage

Vygotsky suggested that new words provide a temporary ________ from which children can step to higher levels of thinking

Infant monkeys raised with a nourishing wire mother and a nonnourishing cloth mother

Half the mothers of temperamentally difficult infants received personal training in sensitive responding.The other half did not.Those who received this training were more likely than the others to have their 12-month-old babies rated as

Olivia understands her world primarily by grasping and sucking easily available objects.Olivia is clearly in Piaget's ________ stage.

Simon Baron-Cohen has suggested that ASD affects more boys than girls because girls are more naturally disposed to be _________,whereas boys are more naturally disposed to be _________.

The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by

Preschoolers' acquisition of a theory of mind suggests that Piaget overestimated young children's

Infants who are unable to predict how their parents will react to their cries for care and attention are especially likely to show signs of

Four-year-old Karen can't remember anything of the first few months of her life.This is best explained by the fact that

Using a large box to symbolize a boat and brooms to symbolize fishing poles,Jerry and Tommy imagined themselves catching fish out of a lake.The children are most clearly demonstrating

Autism spectrum disorder is a disorder characterized by deficient social interaction and an impaired

Five-year-old Tammy mistakenly believes that her short,wide glass contains less soda than her brother's tall,narrow glass.Actually,both glasses contain the same amount of soda.This illustrates that Tammy lacks the concept of

Infants accustomed to a puppet jumping three times on stage show surprise if the puppet jumps only twice.This suggests that Piaget

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

Filters

Simon Baron-Cohen has suggested that ASD affects more boys than girls because girls are more naturally disposed to be _,whereas boys are more naturally disposed to be _.