Question 1

Thomas Hobbes
-According to Hobbes,deliberation is ______________,while the will is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) a succession of altering desires and aversions/the last motivation adhering to the action 
B) careful thinking over whether to act or not to act/the act of making a final choice 
C) careful thinking over whether to act or not to act/the choice that is finally made 
D) choosing between two conflicting desires/the part of the human soul which makes decisions 
A) a succession of altering desires and aversions/the last motivation adhering to the action 
B) careful thinking over whether to act or not to act/the act of making a final choice 
C) careful thinking over whether to act or not to act/the choice that is finally made 
D) choosing between two conflicting desires/the part of the human soul which makes decisions

Question 2

G.W.F. Hegel
-By being forced to work with things,the servant

Accepted Answer

A) finds a sense of him/herself. 
B) becomes only an extension of the master. 
C) has no value. 
D) insures his/her own bondage. 
A) finds a sense of him/herself. 
B) becomes only an extension of the master. 
C) has no value. 
D) insures his/her own bondage.

Question 3

Baruch Spinoza
-Given that God is an absolutely infinite being,

Accepted Answer

A) God is a substance possessing the essential attributes of infinite goodness,wisdom,and love only. 
B) God is a substance with the essential attribute of existence. 
C) God is a substance with an infinity of essential attributes. 
D) God is a pure essential attribute. 
A) God is a substance possessing the essential attributes of infinite goodness,wisdom,and love only. 
B) God is a substance with the essential attribute of existence. 
C) God is a substance with an infinity of essential attributes. 
D) God is a pure essential attribute.

Question 4

Socrates and Plato 
-Socrates defends himself against charges of impiety by arguing that

Accepted Answer

A) his belief in supernatural activities implies a belief in gods. 
B) the gods do not exist. 
C) his new religion of the supernatural includes belief in gods. 
D) Socrates is a follower of Anaxagoras who believes in the gods. 
A) his belief in supernatural activities implies a belief in gods. 
B) the gods do not exist. 
C) his new religion of the supernatural includes belief in gods. 
D) Socrates is a follower of Anaxagoras who believes in the gods.

Question 5

Immanuel Kant
-Kant believes that the things in themselves are known

Accepted Answer

A) a priori by the fact that we can perceive them. 
B) only imperfectly through their connections to our perception of them. 
C) a posteriori by the concepts of pure understanding. 
D) not at all.They take no part in the world we perceive. 
A) a priori by the fact that we can perceive them. 
B) only imperfectly through their connections to our perception of them. 
C) a posteriori by the concepts of pure understanding. 
D) not at all.They take no part in the world we perceive.

Question 6

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-What,according to Rousseau,is the ideal type of society?

Accepted Answer

A) one that remains in an unspoiled state of nature 
B) one that protects all the people of that society while allowing them the greatest amount of personal freedom possible 
C) one that does not demand any giving up of natural freedom 
D) one that gives protection in exchange for natural freedom 
A) one that remains in an unspoiled state of nature 
B) one that protects all the people of that society while allowing them the greatest amount of personal freedom possible 
C) one that does not demand any giving up of natural freedom 
D) one that gives protection in exchange for natural freedom

Question 7

Baruch Spinoza
-The human mind is actually

Accepted Answer

A) a mode of God's attribute of thinking. 
B) the essential attribute of the substance of God's mind. 
C) a mode of thinking connected with the mode of body. 
D) a substance created by God which has the essential attribute of thinking. 
A) a mode of God's attribute of thinking. 
B) the essential attribute of the substance of God's mind. 
C) a mode of thinking connected with the mode of body. 
D) a substance created by God which has the essential attribute of thinking.

Question 8

René Descartes
-According to Descartes,one's understanding of the soul and body as a unified whole is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) logical truth 
B) empirically based notion 
C) primitive notion 
D) falsehood 
A) logical truth 
B) empirically based notion 
C) primitive notion 
D) falsehood

Question 9

Charles Sanders Peirce
-According to Peirce,natural selection is likely to select habits of mind that tend to yield true beliefs in regards to practical matters.What about habits of mind that have little to do with practical matters? In regards to these habits of mind,natural selection would

Accepted Answer

A) select habits of mind that are optimistic and leave the organism in peace. 
B) select habits of mind that are paranoid so as to keep the organism alert. 
C) select habits of mind that are widely varied in nature so as to provide the organism with a flexible mind. 
D) select habits of mind that are more suitable for life in the Pleistocene era. 
A) select habits of mind that are optimistic and leave the organism in peace. 
B) select habits of mind that are paranoid so as to keep the organism alert. 
C) select habits of mind that are widely varied in nature so as to provide the organism with a flexible mind. 
D) select habits of mind that are more suitable for life in the Pleistocene era.

Question 10

Aristotle 
-Which of the following is not one of Aristotle's criticisms of Plato's theory of Forms?

Accepted Answer

A) There is no proof for the existence of Forms. 
B) There would have to be Forms of negations. 
C) The theory of Forms does not help our knowledge of particulars. 
D) Because Forms are numbers they must be the causes of all things. 
A) There is no proof for the existence of Forms. 
B) There would have to be Forms of negations. 
C) The theory of Forms does not help our knowledge of particulars. 
D) Because Forms are numbers they must be the causes of all things.

Question 11

John Stuart Mill
-In order for justice to be binding,

Accepted Answer

A) people must be instinctually drawn to it. 
B) it must be both a rule of conduct and the moral right of the people. 
C) it must be decided on by the community and upheld impartially in every circumstance. 
D) it must provide for the happiness of all people. 
A) people must be instinctually drawn to it. 
B) it must be both a rule of conduct and the moral right of the people. 
C) it must be decided on by the community and upheld impartially in every circumstance. 
D) it must provide for the happiness of all people.

Question 12

Gottfried Leibniz
-Human knowledge is adequate or trustworthy only when it

Accepted Answer

A) can be proved a priori. 
B) is known clearly without any logical proofs. 
C) is carefully logically proved. 
D) is based on suppositive knowledge. 
A) can be proved a priori. 
B) is known clearly without any logical proofs. 
C) is carefully logically proved. 
D) is based on suppositive knowledge.

Question 13

Epictetus 
-If a stoic philosopher does not cry at his wife's death,what stoic virtues is he displaying?

Accepted Answer

A) courage in going on with life in spite of his pain. 
B) hope that her soul will be content with the gods. 
C) fear that his wife is being tormented by the gods. 
D) apathy in not being disturbed by his loss. 
A) courage in going on with life in spite of his pain. 
B) hope that her soul will be content with the gods. 
C) fear that his wife is being tormented by the gods. 
D) apathy in not being disturbed by his loss.

Question 14

All of Thomas's proofs for God's existence are similar in that

Accepted Answer

A) they begin with an appeal to sense experience. 
B) they are meant to appeal to people's feelings of pain and wretchedness. 
C) they assume the listener already has faith in God and so can understand divine mystery. 
D) they rely heavily on the scriptures as witness. 
A) they begin with an appeal to sense experience. 
B) they are meant to appeal to people's feelings of pain and wretchedness. 
C) they assume the listener already has faith in God and so can understand divine mystery. 
D) they rely heavily on the scriptures as witness.

Question 15

Friedrich Nietzsche
-Nietzsche's attitudes towards "God's death" include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) excitement and optimism about the triumph of atheism. 
B) a sense of regret because such an important idea has passed. 
C) fear that the human race will lack the guidance that it once had. 
D) depression that the world is devoid of an over-arching meaning. 
A) excitement and optimism about the triumph of atheism. 
B) a sense of regret because such an important idea has passed. 
C) fear that the human race will lack the guidance that it once had. 
D) depression that the world is devoid of an over-arching meaning.

Question 16

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
-Human dignity consists of

Accepted Answer

A) our essential,God-given nature. 
B) our reason. 
C) God's gift of salvation. 
D) our free will. 
A) our essential,God-given nature. 
B) our reason. 
C) God's gift of salvation. 
D) our free will.

Question 17

John Locke
-Innate principles do not exist because of all reasons except

Accepted Answer

A) children and insane persons obviously do not have them. 
B) universal consensus proves nothing. 
C) all of the disagreement surrounding morality suggests it is not an innate principle. 
D) nothing can be understood except that which is clearly represented to the sense. 
A) children and insane persons obviously do not have them. 
B) universal consensus proves nothing. 
C) all of the disagreement surrounding morality suggests it is not an innate principle. 
D) nothing can be understood except that which is clearly represented to the sense.

Question 18

Socrates and Plato 
-Guardians in the fullest sense will combine

Accepted Answer

A) quickness of mind and a steady character. 
B) ready understanding and good memory. 
C) sober constancy and steadiness. 
D) ruthlessness and passion 
A) quickness of mind and a steady character. 
B) ready understanding and good memory. 
C) sober constancy and steadiness. 
D) ruthlessness and passion

Question 19

Socrates and Plato 
-At the beginning of the Republic,Socrates states that in examining the nature of communities he hopes to

Accepted Answer

A) found a utopian society. 
B) show how individuals are unimportant. 
C) illustrate what justice is. 
D) compare the relation of individuals to the group as a whole. 
A) found a utopian society. 
B) show how individuals are unimportant. 
C) illustrate what justice is. 
D) compare the relation of individuals to the group as a whole.

Question 20

Edmund Husserl
-Which of the following is not a feature of the phenomenological description of an event:

Accepted Answer

A) It focuses on the objectifying "position" of the event. 
B) The description of the experiencing. 
C) The description of the experienced. 
D) The event may properly be called "internal." 
A) It focuses on the objectifying "position" of the event. 
B) The description of the experiencing. 
C) The description of the experienced. 
D) The event may properly be called "internal."

Thomas Hobbes -According to Hobbes,deliberation is ,while the will is _.

G.W.F. Hegel -By being forced to work with things,the servant

Baruch Spinoza -Given that God is an absolutely infinite being,

Socrates and Plato -Socrates defends himself against charges of impiety by arguing that

Immanuel Kant -Kant believes that the things in themselves are known

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -What,according to Rousseau,is the ideal type of society?

Baruch Spinoza -The human mind is actually

René Descartes -According to Descartes,one's understanding of the soul and body as a unified whole is a(n)

Charles Sanders Peirce -According to Peirce,natural selection is likely to select habits of mind that tend to yield true beliefs in regards to practical matters.What about habits of mind that have little to do with practical matters? In regards to these habits of mind,natural selection would

Aristotle -Which of the following is not one of Aristotle's criticisms of Plato's theory of Forms?

John Stuart Mill -In order for justice to be binding,

Gottfried Leibniz -Human knowledge is adequate or trustworthy only when it

Epictetus -If a stoic philosopher does not cry at his wife's death,what stoic virtues is he displaying?

All of Thomas's proofs for God's existence are similar in that

Friedrich Nietzsche -Nietzsche's attitudes towards "God's death" include all of the following except

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola -Human dignity consists of

John Locke -Innate principles do not exist because of all reasons except

Socrates and Plato -Guardians in the fullest sense will combine

Socrates and Plato -At the beginning of the Republic,Socrates states that in examining the nature of communities he hopes to

Edmund Husserl -Which of the following is not a feature of the phenomenological description of an event:

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Exam 1: Ancient Greek Philosophy

Thomas Hobbes -According to Hobbes,deliberation is ______________,while the will is _______________.

G.W.F. Hegel -By being forced to work with things,the servant

Baruch Spinoza -Given that God is an absolutely infinite being,

Socrates and Plato -Socrates defends himself against charges of impiety by arguing that

Immanuel Kant -Kant believes that the things in themselves are known

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -What,according to Rousseau,is the ideal type of society?

Baruch Spinoza -The human mind is actually

René Descartes -According to Descartes,one's understanding of the soul and body as a unified whole is a(n)

Charles Sanders Peirce -According to Peirce,natural selection is likely to select habits of mind that tend to yield true beliefs in regards to practical matters.What about habits of mind that have little to do with practical matters? In regards to these habits of mind,natural selection would

Aristotle -Which of the following is not one of Aristotle's criticisms of Plato's theory of Forms?

John Stuart Mill -In order for justice to be binding,

Gottfried Leibniz -Human knowledge is adequate or trustworthy only when it

Epictetus -If a stoic philosopher does not cry at his wife's death,what stoic virtues is he displaying?

All of Thomas's proofs for God's existence are similar in that

Friedrich Nietzsche -Nietzsche's attitudes towards "God's death" include all of the following except

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola -Human dignity consists of

John Locke -Innate principles do not exist because of all reasons except

Socrates and Plato -Guardians in the fullest sense will combine

Socrates and Plato -At the beginning of the Republic,Socrates states that in examining the nature of communities he hopes to

Edmund Husserl -Which of the following is not a feature of the phenomenological description of an event:

Filters

Thomas Hobbes -According to Hobbes,deliberation is ,while the will is _.