Question 1

Select the best description of the negative selection process of lymphocyte maturation.

Accepted Answer

A)  removal of lymphocytes that fail to recognize "self" cells 
B)  teaching a lymphocyte to recognize "self" from foreign antigens 
C)  removal of lymphocytes that react with "self" cells 
D)  allowing the survival of lymphocytes that cannot bind to MHC proteins 
A)  removal of lymphocytes that fail to recognize "self" cells 
B)  teaching a lymphocyte to recognize "self" from foreign antigens 
C)  removal of lymphocytes that react with "self" cells 
D)  allowing the survival of lymphocytes that cannot bind to MHC proteins

Question 2

When the white blood cell count is depressed,the classic signs of infection such as redness,heat,and swelling are not manifested.In this case,the nurse should avoid administering aspirin.Explain why.

Accepted Answer

Aspirin would disgui

Question 3

Which of the following is not a complement activation pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  lectin pathway 
B)  alternative pathway 
C)  lactate pathway 
D)  classical pathway 
A)  lectin pathway 
B)  alternative pathway 
C)  lactate pathway 
D)  classical pathway

Question 4

Soluble proteins secreted by plasma cells are called antibodies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A vaccine is effective because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  B-lymphocytes are unable to mount an immune response the first time they are exposed to a new pathogen 
B)  the secondary response of the adaptive immunity is faster and more efficient the primary response 
C)  the vaccine contains the lymphocytes necessary to fight infection 
D)  the vaccine contains the antibodies necessary to fight infection 
A)  B-lymphocytes are unable to mount an immune response the first time they are exposed to a new pathogen 
B)  the secondary response of the adaptive immunity is faster and more efficient the primary response 
C)  the vaccine contains the lymphocytes necessary to fight infection 
D)  the vaccine contains the antibodies necessary to fight infection

Question 6

Which of the following is characteristic of complete antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit production of antibodies 
B)  contain many repeating chemical units 
C)  small molecules 
D)  reactivity with an antibody 
A)  inhibit production of antibodies 
B)  contain many repeating chemical units 
C)  small molecules 
D)  reactivity with an antibody

Question 7

Antibody functions include all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  targeting foreign cells so that complement proteins can cause cellular lysis 
B)  cross-linking cell-bound antigens on red blood cells when blood types are properly matched 
C)  linking soluble antigens together so that they fall out of solution 
D)  binding and inactivating chemical toxins released by bacteria or other microorganisms 
A)  targeting foreign cells so that complement proteins can cause cellular lysis 
B)  cross-linking cell-bound antigens on red blood cells when blood types are properly matched 
C)  linking soluble antigens together so that they fall out of solution 
D)  binding and inactivating chemical toxins released by bacteria or other microorganisms

Question 8

Figure 21.1
Using Figure 21.1, match the following:
-Variable region.

Accepted Answer

A) B 
B) D 
C) A 
D) E 
E) C 
A) B 
B) D 
C) A 
D) E 
E) C

Question 9

Inflammation ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is caused by bacterial activity to enhance the spread of disease 
B)  brings more leukocytes to the sight of infection 
C)  is caused by viral activity to enhance the spread of the disease 
D)  slows the healing process with swelling that can impair bodily function 
A)  is caused by bacterial activity to enhance the spread of disease 
B)  brings more leukocytes to the sight of infection 
C)  is caused by viral activity to enhance the spread of the disease 
D)  slows the healing process with swelling that can impair bodily function

Question 10

Choose the best description of an antigen.

Accepted Answer

A)  part or a piece of a disease or pathogen 
B)  a particle that triggers the adaptive immunity 
C)  a particle (typically a foreign protein) that triggers inflammation 
D)  a chemical that enhances or modifies immune response 
A)  part or a piece of a disease or pathogen 
B)  a particle that triggers the adaptive immunity 
C)  a particle (typically a foreign protein) that triggers inflammation 
D)  a chemical that enhances or modifies immune response

Question 11

Match the following:
-Forms antibody producing cells.

Accepted Answer

A) Regulatory T cell 
B) Memory cell 
C) Helper T cell 
D) B cell 
E) Cytotoxic T cell 
A) Regulatory T cell 
B) Memory cell 
C) Helper T cell 
D) B cell 
E) Cytotoxic T cell

Question 12

All but one of the following occur during the inflammatory response.Select the example below that does not describe the process of inflammation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasoconstriction will prevent excessive blood loss due to injury. 
B)  Chemotaxis draws leucocytes to the site of injury. 
C)  Increases capillary permeability. 
D)  Release of prostaglandins resulting in pain. 
A)  Vasoconstriction will prevent excessive blood loss due to injury. 
B)  Chemotaxis draws leucocytes to the site of injury. 
C)  Increases capillary permeability. 
D)  Release of prostaglandins resulting in pain.

Question 13

Match the following:
-Second line of defense.

Accepted Answer

A) Intact skin and mucous membranes 
B) Inflammatory response and skin and mucous membranes 
C) Inflammatory response 
D) Immune response 
A) Intact skin and mucous membranes 
B) Inflammatory response and skin and mucous membranes 
C) Inflammatory response 
D) Immune response

Question 14

Which of the following is not a mechanism for the development of autoimmune disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-reaction of antibodies formed against foreign antigens (haptens) bound with self-antigens 
B)  mutation followed by the appearance of membrane proteins not previously present 
C)  exposure of previously "hidden" self-antigens to the adaptive immune system during trauma 
D)  a second exposure to an allergen 
A)  cross-reaction of antibodies formed against foreign antigens (haptens) bound with self-antigens 
B)  mutation followed by the appearance of membrane proteins not previously present 
C)  exposure of previously "hidden" self-antigens to the adaptive immune system during trauma 
D)  a second exposure to an allergen

Question 15

Which immunoglobulin class is attached to the external surface of B cells and acts as an antigen receptor of the B cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgE 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgG 
D)  IgM 
E)  IgA 
A)  IgE 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgG 
D)  IgM 
E)  IgA

Question 16

Which of the following is not a function of the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

A)  prevents the spread of the injurious agent to nearby tissue 
B)  disposes of cellular debris and pathogens 
C)  replaces injured tissues with connective tissue 
D)  sets the stage for repair processes 
A)  prevents the spread of the injurious agent to nearby tissue 
B)  disposes of cellular debris and pathogens 
C)  replaces injured tissues with connective tissue 
D)  sets the stage for repair processes

Question 17

A woman comes into the hospital emergency room complaining that she is having problems swallowing and her neck is swelling.She has a history of radiation treatment to her neck as a child for acne.What could be the problem?

Accepted Answer

The woman is suffering from Hashimoto's

Question 18

Which of the following does not describe actions of interferon (IFN)?

Accepted Answer

A)  IFN binds to normal, uninfected cells stimulating the activation of genes that produce anti-viral proteins. 
B)  IFN can penetrate the viral capsid and destroy the virus. 
C)  Virally infected cells can release interferon which attracts NK cells to attack and kill the IFN secreting cell. 
D)  IFN will attract macrophages to the secreting cell to be removed by phagocytosis. 
A)  IFN binds to normal, uninfected cells stimulating the activation of genes that produce anti-viral proteins. 
B)  IFN can penetrate the viral capsid and destroy the virus. 
C)  Virally infected cells can release interferon which attracts NK cells to attack and kill the IFN secreting cell. 
D)  IFN will attract macrophages to the secreting cell to be removed by phagocytosis.

Question 19

What is the role of interferon in defense against disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  protects cells that have not yet been infected by viruses 
B)  activates the inflammatory process 
C)  activates the complement mechanism 
D)  protects cells that have not yet been infected by bacteria 
A)  protects cells that have not yet been infected by viruses 
B)  activates the inflammatory process 
C)  activates the complement mechanism 
D)  protects cells that have not yet been infected by bacteria

Question 20

B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bone marrow 
B)  lymph nodes 
C)  thymus 
D)  spleen 
A)  bone marrow 
B)  lymph nodes 
C)  thymus 
D)  spleen

Exam 21: The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses

Select the best description of the negative selection process of lymphocyte maturation.

When the white blood cell count is depressed,the classic signs of infection such as redness,heat,and swelling are not manifested.In this case,the nurse should avoid administering aspirin.Explain why.

Which of the following is not a complement activation pathway?

Soluble proteins secreted by plasma cells are called antibodies.

A vaccine is effective because ________.

Which of the following is characteristic of complete antigens?

Antibody functions include all of the following except ________.

Figure 21.1 Using Figure 21.1, match the following: -Variable region.

Inflammation ________.

Choose the best description of an antigen.

Match the following: -Forms antibody producing cells.

All but one of the following occur during the inflammatory response.Select the example below that does not describe the process of inflammation.

Match the following: -Second line of defense.

Which of the following is not a mechanism for the development of autoimmune disorders?

Which immunoglobulin class is attached to the external surface of B cells and acts as an antigen receptor of the B cell?

Which of the following is not a function of the inflammatory response?

A woman comes into the hospital emergency room complaining that she is having problems swallowing and her neck is swelling.She has a history of radiation treatment to her neck as a child for acne.What could be the problem?

Which of the following does not describe actions of interferon (IFN)?

What is the role of interferon in defense against disease?

B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the ________.

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissue

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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