Question 1

Which of the choices below explains why the arterioles are known as resistance vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  The contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter. 
B)  They contain a large quantity of elastic tissue. 
C)  They distribute blood to various parts of the body. 
D)  Their prime function is the exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissue cells. 
A)  The contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter. 
B)  They contain a large quantity of elastic tissue. 
C)  They distribute blood to various parts of the body. 
D)  Their prime function is the exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissue cells.

Question 2

Figure 19.2
Using Figure 19.2, match the following:
-Superior mesenteric vein.

Accepted Answer

A) E 
B) B 
C) D 
D) C 
E) A 
A) E 
B) B 
C) D 
D) C 
E) A

Question 3

If a person has lost a significant amount of blood but still maintains a normal blood pressure it does not necessarily mean that the person is maintaining adequate perfusion.Which of the following best explains why this is so?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart has increased its rate to increase cardiac output. 
B)  Blood vessels are constricting causing greater peripheral resistance. 
C)  The heart has increased its contractile force increasing cardiac output. 
D)  The sympathetic nervous system has increased its nervous impulses. 
A)  The heart has increased its rate to increase cardiac output. 
B)  Blood vessels are constricting causing greater peripheral resistance. 
C)  The heart has increased its contractile force increasing cardiac output. 
D)  The sympathetic nervous system has increased its nervous impulses.

Question 4

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  Excess albumen transport protein production would decrease blood pressure. 
B)  Excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase. 
C)  An increase in cardiac output corresponds to a decrease in blood pressure, due to the increased delivery. 
D)  Systemic vasodilation would increase blood pressure, due to diversion of blood to essential areas. 
A)  Excess albumen transport protein production would decrease blood pressure. 
B)  Excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase. 
C)  An increase in cardiac output corresponds to a decrease in blood pressure, due to the increased delivery. 
D)  Systemic vasodilation would increase blood pressure, due to diversion of blood to essential areas.

Question 5

Where in the body would you find low oxygen levels causing vasoconstriction and high levels causing vasodilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart 
B)  kidney 
C)  lungs 
D)  liver 
A)  heart 
B)  kidney 
C)  lungs 
D)  liver

Question 6

Arterial pressure in the pulmonary circulation is much higher than in the systemic circulation because of its proximity to the heart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Match the following:
-Receives blood from all areas superior to the diaphragm,except the heart wall.

Accepted Answer

A) External jugular vein 
B) Pulmonary trunk 
C) Superior vena cava 
D) Subclavian vein 
E) Axillary artery 
A) External jugular vein 
B) Pulmonary trunk 
C) Superior vena cava 
D) Subclavian vein 
E) Axillary artery

Question 8

Mechanisms that do not help regulate blood pressure include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nervous control that operates via reflex arcs involving baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and higher brain centers 
B)  chemical controls such as atrial natriuretic peptide 
C)  the dural sinus reflex 
D)  renal regulation via the renin-angiotensin system of vasoconstriction 
A)  nervous control that operates via reflex arcs involving baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and higher brain centers 
B)  chemical controls such as atrial natriuretic peptide 
C)  the dural sinus reflex 
D)  renal regulation via the renin-angiotensin system of vasoconstriction

Question 9

Match the following:
-Common site to take the pulse.

Accepted Answer

A) External iliac artery 
B) Internal carotid artery 
C) Brachiocephalic trunk 
D) Celiac trunk 
E) Radial artery 
A) External iliac artery 
B) Internal carotid artery 
C) Brachiocephalic trunk 
D) Celiac trunk 
E) Radial artery

Question 10

Match the following:
-Large unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver,stomach,and spleen.

Accepted Answer

A) External iliac artery 
B) Internal carotid artery 
C) Brachiocephalic trunk 
D) Celiac trunk 
E) Radial artery 
A) External iliac artery 
B) Internal carotid artery 
C) Brachiocephalic trunk 
D) Celiac trunk 
E) Radial artery

Question 11

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)is an arterial anastomosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The abdominal aorta divides into three arteries at its terminus; what are they?

Accepted Answer

Left and right commo

Question 13

If a person were to have substantial blood loss you would expect to see all of the following physiological events to except one.Select the least likely response to substantial blood loss.

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing vasomotor tone 
B)  decreased heart rate 
C)  increases peripheral resistance 
D)  a weak, thread pulse 
A)  increasing vasomotor tone 
B)  decreased heart rate 
C)  increases peripheral resistance 
D)  a weak, thread pulse

Question 14

The adjustment of blood flow to each tissue in proportion to its requirements at any point in time is termed autoregulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match the following:
-Normal blood volume but poor circulation due to extreme vasodilation.

Accepted Answer

A) Circulatory shock 
B) Cardiogenic shock 
C) Hypovolemic shock 
D) Vascular shock 
A) Circulatory shock 
B) Cardiogenic shock 
C) Hypovolemic shock 
D) Vascular shock

Question 16

Which of the choices below does not explain why low capillary pressures are desirable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low blood pressure is associated with longer life span than high blood pressure. 
B)  Low capillary pressure reduces the load of drainage the lymphatic drainage must handle. 
C)  Capillaries are fragile and high pressures would rupture them. 
D)  Most capillaries are extremely permeable and thus even low pressures force solute-containing fluid out of the bloodstream. 
A)  Low blood pressure is associated with longer life span than high blood pressure. 
B)  Low capillary pressure reduces the load of drainage the lymphatic drainage must handle. 
C)  Capillaries are fragile and high pressures would rupture them. 
D)  Most capillaries are extremely permeable and thus even low pressures force solute-containing fluid out of the bloodstream.

Question 17

Match the following:
-Artery usually ausculated to take the blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) Superior mesenteric artery 
B) Brachial artery 
C) Pulmonary vein 
D) Femoral artery 
E) Great saphenous vein 
A) Superior mesenteric artery 
B) Brachial artery 
C) Pulmonary vein 
D) Femoral artery 
E) Great saphenous vein

Question 18

Histologically,the ________ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer.

Accepted Answer

A)  tunica externa 
B)  tunica adventitia 
C)  tunica intima 
D)  tunica media 
A)  tunica externa 
B)  tunica adventitia 
C)  tunica intima 
D)  tunica media

Question 19

The carotid sinus reflex protects the blood supply to the brain,whereas the aortic reflex is more concerned with maintaining adequate blood pressure in the systemic circuit as a whole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following statements is not true of the precapillary sphincters?

Accepted Answer

A)  They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel. 
B)  They increase or decrease rates of perfusion to the tissues served by the true capillaries. 
C)  They allow blood to bypass the true capillaries that are fed by the metarteriole. 
D)  They regulate the flow of blood to tissues served by the true capillaries. 
A)  They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel. 
B)  They increase or decrease rates of perfusion to the tissues served by the true capillaries. 
C)  They allow blood to bypass the true capillaries that are fed by the metarteriole. 
D)  They regulate the flow of blood to tissues served by the true capillaries.

Exam 19: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

Which of the choices below explains why the arterioles are known as resistance vessels?

Figure 19.2 Using Figure 19.2, match the following: -Superior mesenteric vein.

If a person has lost a significant amount of blood but still maintains a normal blood pressure it does not necessarily mean that the person is maintaining adequate perfusion.Which of the following best explains why this is so?

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Where in the body would you find low oxygen levels causing vasoconstriction and high levels causing vasodilation?

Arterial pressure in the pulmonary circulation is much higher than in the systemic circulation because of its proximity to the heart.

Match the following: -Receives blood from all areas superior to the diaphragm,except the heart wall.

Mechanisms that do not help regulate blood pressure include ________.

Match the following: -Common site to take the pulse.

Match the following: -Large unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver,stomach,and spleen.

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)is an arterial anastomosis.

The abdominal aorta divides into three arteries at its terminus; what are they?

If a person were to have substantial blood loss you would expect to see all of the following physiological events to except one.Select the least likely response to substantial blood loss.

The adjustment of blood flow to each tissue in proportion to its requirements at any point in time is termed autoregulation.

Match the following: -Normal blood volume but poor circulation due to extreme vasodilation.

Which of the choices below does not explain why low capillary pressures are desirable?

Match the following: -Artery usually ausculated to take the blood pressure.

Histologically,the ________ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer.

The carotid sinus reflex protects the blood supply to the brain,whereas the aortic reflex is more concerned with maintaining adequate blood pressure in the systemic circuit as a whole.

Which of the following statements is not true of the precapillary sphincters?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissue

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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