Question 1

Muscle tone is the small amount of tautness or tension in the muscle due to weak,involuntary contractions of its motor units.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Match the sport to the energy system primarily used to perform the activity:
-25 meter swim.

Accepted Answer

A) Direct phosphorylation 
B) Anaerobic pathway 
C) Aerobic pathway 
A) Direct phosphorylation 
B) Anaerobic pathway 
C) Aerobic pathway

Question 3

What does excess postexercise oxygen consumption represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  the difference between the amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the amount actually used 
B)  the amount of oxygen equal to the oxygen already used 
C)  the amount of oxygen taken into the body immediately after the exertion 
D)  amount of oxygen needed for aerobic activity to accomplish the same amount of work 
A)  the difference between the amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the amount actually used 
B)  the amount of oxygen equal to the oxygen already used 
C)  the amount of oxygen taken into the body immediately after the exertion 
D)  amount of oxygen needed for aerobic activity to accomplish the same amount of work

Question 4

Smooth muscles relax when intracellular Ca2+ levels drop but may not cease contractions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The 100 meter dash is a quick and short run requiring explosive speed.On completion of the dash the runners will continue to breathe hard for several seconds to minutes even though they are no longer running.Which of the following is the best explanation for why this is so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since the exercise was mostly aerobic exercise, the runners' bodies have not yet realized the run is over. 
B)  The runners' fast oxidative muscles are so slow to utilize oxygen it only begins aerobic respiration by the time the run has finished. 
C)  The runners' use of stored oxygen, glucose and creatine phosphate is being replenished and this requires a prolonged increase of oxygen intake. 
D)  Slow oxidative fibers are recruited last and have only started to work at completion of the run. 
A)  Since the exercise was mostly aerobic exercise, the runners' bodies have not yet realized the run is over. 
B)  The runners' fast oxidative muscles are so slow to utilize oxygen it only begins aerobic respiration by the time the run has finished. 
C)  The runners' use of stored oxygen, glucose and creatine phosphate is being replenished and this requires a prolonged increase of oxygen intake. 
D)  Slow oxidative fibers are recruited last and have only started to work at completion of the run.

Question 6

A resting potential is caused by a difference in the concentration of certain ions inside and outside the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Gary was injured in an automobile accident that severed the motor neurons innervating his quadriceps.Even though he has had extensive physical therapy,he is still suffering muscle atrophy.Why is the therapy not working?

Accepted Answer

In denervation atrophy,fibrous

Question 8

Match the following:
-The final chemical messenger and "trigger" for muscle contraction.It binds to troponin.

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium ions 
B) Acetylcholinesterase 
C) Calcium ions 
D) Acetylcholine 
E) Creatine phosphate 
A) Sodium ions 
B) Acetylcholinesterase 
C) Calcium ions 
D) Acetylcholine 
E) Creatine phosphate

Question 9

Match the following:
-A relatively high percentage are found in successful marathon runners.

Accepted Answer

A) Slow (oxidative), fatigue-resistant fibers 
B) Fast (oxidative or glycolytic), fatigable fibers 
C) fast (oxidative or glycolytic), fatigable fibers 
A) Slow (oxidative), fatigue-resistant fibers 
B) Fast (oxidative or glycolytic), fatigable fibers 
C) fast (oxidative or glycolytic), fatigable fibers

Question 10

Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  epimysium 
B)  endomysium 
C)  fascicle 
D)  perimysium 
A)  epimysium 
B)  endomysium 
C)  fascicle 
D)  perimysium

Question 11

Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis,diffuses across the synaptic cleft,and binds to its receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  relaxation 
B)  refractory 
C)  latent 
D)  contraction 
A)  relaxation 
B)  refractory 
C)  latent 
D)  contraction

Question 12

Cells of unitary smooth muscle are found in the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

During development embryonic cells will fuse to form muscle fibers.This will result in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the coordination of nerve signals to muscle fibers 
B)  the striations that appear in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues 
C)  multinucleated muscle fibers that can extend as long as 30 centimeters 
D)  interlocking of cells that can prevent the filaments from sliding 
A)  the coordination of nerve signals to muscle fibers 
B)  the striations that appear in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues 
C)  multinucleated muscle fibers that can extend as long as 30 centimeters 
D)  interlocking of cells that can prevent the filaments from sliding

Question 14

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules. 
B)  Tropomyosin is the chemical that activates the myosin heads. 
C)  Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on the myosin molecules. 
D)  Tropomyosin is the receptor for the motor neuron neurotransmitter. 
A)  Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules. 
B)  Tropomyosin is the chemical that activates the myosin heads. 
C)  Tropomyosin serves as a contraction inhibitor by blocking the actin binding sites on the myosin molecules. 
D)  Tropomyosin is the receptor for the motor neuron neurotransmitter.

Question 15

Describe the difference between muscle tension,muscle contraction and a muscle twitch.

Accepted Answer

A muscle twitch is the response of a mot

Question 16

Which of the following is a factor that affects the velocity and duration of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  number of muscle fibers stimulated 
B)  muscle length 
C)  size of the muscle fibers stimulated 
D)  load on the fiber 
A)  number of muscle fibers stimulated 
B)  muscle length 
C)  size of the muscle fibers stimulated 
D)  load on the fiber

Question 17

The nurse encourages the patient to do his own activities of daily living such as bathing,eating,dressing,and toileting activities.How do these activities promote physical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

These activities are isotonic exercises

Question 18

Which cells help repair injured skeletal muscle fibers and allows regeneration of dead skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which cells help repair injured skeletal muscle...

Question 19

A myosin molecule in the thick filaments can be considered a protein having a quaternary structural level.Which of the following best describes this structural level?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myosin molecules consist of two heavy and to light polypeptide chains. 
B)  Myosin has an ATP binding site, actin binding site and flexible hinge region. 
C)  Myosin is a primary component within a myofibril. 
D)  Myosin is involved in the power stroke of muscle contraction. 
A)  Myosin molecules consist of two heavy and to light polypeptide chains. 
B)  Myosin has an ATP binding site, actin binding site and flexible hinge region. 
C)  Myosin is a primary component within a myofibril. 
D)  Myosin is involved in the power stroke of muscle contraction.

Question 20

Match the sport to the energy system primarily used to perform the activity:
-Marathons.

Accepted Answer

A) Direct phosphorylation 
B) Anaerobic pathway 
C) Aerobic pathway 
A) Direct phosphorylation 
B) Anaerobic pathway 
C) Aerobic pathway

Exam 9: Muscles and Muscle Tissue

Muscle tone is the small amount of tautness or tension in the muscle due to weak,involuntary contractions of its motor units.

Match the sport to the energy system primarily used to perform the activity: -25 meter swim.

What does excess postexercise oxygen consumption represent?

Smooth muscles relax when intracellular Ca2+ levels drop but may not cease contractions.

The 100 meter dash is a quick and short run requiring explosive speed.On completion of the dash the runners will continue to breathe hard for several seconds to minutes even though they are no longer running.Which of the following is the best explanation for why this is so?

A resting potential is caused by a difference in the concentration of certain ions inside and outside the cell.

Gary was injured in an automobile accident that severed the motor neurons innervating his quadriceps.Even though he has had extensive physical therapy,he is still suffering muscle atrophy.Why is the therapy not working?

Match the following: -The final chemical messenger and "trigger" for muscle contraction.It binds to troponin.

Match the following: -A relatively high percentage are found in successful marathon runners.

Which of the following surrounds the individual muscle cell?

Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis,diffuses across the synaptic cleft,and binds to its receptors.

Cells of unitary smooth muscle are found in the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the intestine.

During development embryonic cells will fuse to form muscle fibers.This will result in ________.

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

Describe the difference between muscle tension,muscle contraction and a muscle twitch.

Which of the following is a factor that affects the velocity and duration of muscle contraction?

The nurse encourages the patient to do his own activities of daily living such as bathing,eating,dressing,and toileting activities.How do these activities promote physical conditioning?

Which cells help repair injured skeletal muscle fibers and allows regeneration of dead skeletal muscle?

A myosin molecule in the thick filaments can be considered a protein having a quaternary structural level.Which of the following best describes this structural level?

Match the sport to the energy system primarily used to perform the activity: -Marathons.

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissue

The Skeleton

Joints

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

Filters

Smooth muscles relax when intracellular Ca²⁺levels drop but may not cease contractions.