Question 1

Which substance is normally secreted into the tubule

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen ions. 
B)  potassium ions. 
C)  organic ions 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  hydrogen ions. 
B)  potassium ions. 
C)  organic ions 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 2

Sodium reabsorption in the proximal portions of the nephron is stimulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial natriuretic peptide. 
B)  vasopressin. 
C)  angiotensin II. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  atrial natriuretic peptide. 
B)  vasopressin. 
C)  angiotensin II. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  none of the above

Question 3

Reabsorption of chloride

Accepted Answer

A)  is active. 
B)  is passive. 
C)  is dependent on the amount of sodium reabsorbed. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  both (b) and (c) above. 
A)  is active. 
B)  is passive. 
C)  is dependent on the amount of sodium reabsorbed. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  both (b) and (c) above.

Question 4

Which of the following plasma constituents is not regulated by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  Na+ 
C)  H+ 
D)  phosphate 
E)  water 
A)  glucose 
B)  Na+ 
C)  H+ 
D)  phosphate 
E)  water

Question 5

Match chemicals below with the correct characteristic.
-Stimulates K+ secretion by the distal and collecting tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 6

The plasma concentration of a particular substance at which its Tm is reached and the substance first starts appearing in the urine is known as the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The plasma concentration of a particular substance...

Question 7

MATCHING
Match renal function with correct characteristic.
-glomerular filtration

Accepted Answer

A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood 
A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood

Question 8

Glomerular filtration occurs by active transport of Na+, which then creates an osmotic gradient for the filtration of water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question using the following answer code:
-The ascending limb of Henle's loop is ______ to H2O.

Accepted Answer

A) permeable 
B) impermeable 
A) permeable 
B) impermeable

Question 10

The distal and collecting tubules are the site of

Accepted Answer

A)  the co-transport carriers for glucose and amino acid reabsorption. 
B)  the organic ion secretory systems. 
C)  aldosterone and vasopressin action. 
D)  both (a) and (c) above. 
E)  both (b) and (c) above. 
A)  the co-transport carriers for glucose and amino acid reabsorption. 
B)  the organic ion secretory systems. 
C)  aldosterone and vasopressin action. 
D)  both (a) and (c) above. 
E)  both (b) and (c) above.

Question 11

The ____ and ____ enable the kidneys to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes depending on the body's needs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+-K+ ATPase pump, co-transport carriers 
B)  juxtaglomerular apparatus, vasa recta 
C)  podocytes, peritubular capillaries 
D)  medullary vertical osmotic gradient, vasopressin 
E)  renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, renal pyramids 
A)  Na+-K+ ATPase pump, co-transport carriers 
B)  juxtaglomerular apparatus, vasa recta 
C)  podocytes, peritubular capillaries 
D)  medullary vertical osmotic gradient, vasopressin 
E)  renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, renal pyramids

Question 12

Urea

Accepted Answer

A)  is the waste product with the smallest molecular size in the glomerular filtrate. 
B)  is in greater concentration at the end of the proximal tubule than in other body fluids. 
C)  has a clearance rate greater than GFR. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above are correct. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  is the waste product with the smallest molecular size in the glomerular filtrate. 
B)  is in greater concentration at the end of the proximal tubule than in other body fluids. 
C)  has a clearance rate greater than GFR. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above are correct. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 13

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank.
-Filtered and both actively re-absorbed and actively secreted.

Accepted Answer

A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+ 
A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+

Question 14

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic.
-tubular secretion

Accepted Answer

A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here. 
A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here.

Question 15

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic.
-distal and collecting capillaries tubules

Accepted Answer

A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here. 
A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here.

Question 16

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption.
-Plays a critical role in the kidneys' ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes.

Accepted Answer

A) sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules 
B) sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule 
C) sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle 
A) sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules 
B) sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule 
C) sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Question 17

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is the same as in capillaries elsewhere in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The afferent arteriole is the blood vessel that carries blood to the glomerular capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The glomerular capillary wall contains filtration slits formed by the clefts between the foot processes of adjacent podocytes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which substance is normally secreted into the tubule

Sodium reabsorption in the proximal portions of the nephron is stimulated by

Reabsorption of chloride

Which of the following plasma constituents is not regulated by the kidneys?

Match chemicals below with the correct characteristic. -Stimulates K⁺ secretion by the distal and collecting tubules.

The plasma concentration of a particular substance at which its Tm is reached and the substance first starts appearing in the urine is known as the ____________________.

MATCHING Match renal function with correct characteristic. -glomerular filtration

Glomerular filtration occurs by active transport of Na⁺, which then creates an osmotic gradient for the filtration of water.

Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question using the following answer code: -The ascending limb of Henle's loop is ______ to H₂O.

The distal and collecting tubules are the site of

The and enable the kidneys to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes depending on the body's needs.

Urea

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -Filtered and both actively re-absorbed and actively secreted.

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -tubular secretion

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -distal and collecting capillaries tubules

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. -Plays a critical role in the kidneys' ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes.

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is the same as in capillaries elsewhere in the body.

The afferent arteriole is the blood vessel that carries blood to the glomerular capillaries.

The glomerular capillary wall contains filtration slits formed by the clefts between the foot processes of adjacent podocytes.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 13: The Urinary System

Which substance is normally secreted into the tubule

Sodium reabsorption in the proximal portions of the nephron is stimulated by

Reabsorption of chloride

Which of the following plasma constituents is not regulated by the kidneys?

Match chemicals below with the correct characteristic. -Stimulates K+ secretion by the distal and collecting tubules.

The plasma concentration of a particular substance at which its Tm is reached and the substance first starts appearing in the urine is known as the ____________________.

MATCHING Match renal function with correct characteristic. -glomerular filtration

Glomerular filtration occurs by active transport of Na+, which then creates an osmotic gradient for the filtration of water.

Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question using the following answer code: -The ascending limb of Henle's loop is ______ to H2O.

The distal and collecting tubules are the site of

The ____ and ____ enable the kidneys to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes depending on the body's needs.

Urea

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -Filtered and both actively re-absorbed and actively secreted.

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -tubular secretion

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -distal and collecting capillaries tubules

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. -Plays a critical role in the kidneys' ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes.

The glomerular filtrate is almost identical in composition to the plasma.

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is the same as in capillaries elsewhere in the body.

The afferent arteriole is the blood vessel that carries blood to the glomerular capillaries.

The glomerular capillary wall contains filtration slits formed by the clefts between the foot processes of adjacent podocytes.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Match chemicals below with the correct characteristic. -Stimulates K⁺ secretion by the distal and collecting tubules.

Glomerular filtration occurs by active transport of Na⁺, which then creates an osmotic gradient for the filtration of water.

Indicate whether the portion of the tubule in question is permeable or impermeable to the substance in question using the following answer code: -The ascending limb of Henle's loop is ______ to H₂O.

The and enable the kidneys to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes depending on the body's needs.