Exam 7: Basic Principles of Learning

Of the following statements,which one would most likely be made by someone who supports the cognitive view of learning?

Joe has been afraid of cats since childhood when he was attacked and scratched by a neighborhood stray.A fear such as Joe's may best be explained by

A fleck of dust or dirt in your eye automatically causes the eye to produce tears to wash out the dirt.If this were part of a classical conditioning experiment,the fleck of dust or dirt would be labeled as the

Compared to continuous schedules of reinforcement,partial schedules of reinforcement

On a variable interval schedule,the reinforcer is obtained only after a varying number of responses have been made.

When trying to reduce the frequency of behavior using punishment,criticism is often used by parents and teachers.However,researchers have argued that this leads to the criticism trap.What is the criticism trap?

Assume that your class is going to have an oral quiz on the material in this chapter.For every two questions in a row that a student gets correct,the professor will add one point to the classroom participation grade.This is an example of a ________ schedule of reinforcement.

Some kindergarten children were shown a film on how to brush their teeth.If a change in behavior is not immediately obvious after viewing the instructional film,you may conclude that

Response prevention is a technique used to extinguish avoidance responses.

Learning from the consequences of our behavior,which in turn leads to the strengthening,or weakening of behaviors is called

The Smith's new puppy cries in the middle of the night.Various family members periodically check the dog,who responds by happily wagging his tail.Lately,his crying has actually increased.This increase is likely due to

At the beginning of the semester your history instructor announced that you will have a test every three weeks until the end of the semester.What schedule of reinforcement was being used?

Pavlov found that a neutral stimulus was more likely to produce dogs to salivate if the stimulus

The cognitive view of learning suggests that learning occurs due to neural connections in the brain.

How does classical conditioning differ from operant conditioning? Classical conditioning involves an association between

When a sexual fetish develops,the conditioned stimulus is

When rats learn to navigate a maze based on the location of food rather than a series of left-right turns,this study by Tolman lead to the concept of

Which of the following is best associated with place learning?

Let's say you have a hungry cat in your kitchen.You use your electric can opener,which makes a rather loud sound,to open a can of cat food.You have done this many times before.The hungry cat comes running toward the kitchen at the sound of the can opener,not at the sight of the food.In this example,the running into the kitchen at the sound of the can opener is the

At the beginning of a learning process using positive reinforcement,it is important to