Question 1

The first mammalian circadian gene to have its structure characterized was

Accepted Answer

A)  tau. 
B)  clock. 
C)  alarm. 
D)  circa. 
E)  circada. 
A)  tau. 
B)  clock. 
C)  alarm. 
D)  circa. 
E)  circada.

Question 2

Several large-scale longitudinal studies documented the sleep patterns and health of healthy volunteers for several years. They found that people who slept __________ hours per night tended to live the longest.

Accepted Answer

A)  between 5 and 7 
B)  8 or more 
C)  9 or more 
D)  10 or more 
E)  between 3 and 5 
A)  between 5 and 7 
B)  8 or more 
C)  9 or more 
D)  10 or more 
E)  between 3 and 5

Question 3

Each cycle of sleep during a typical night tends to be about

Accepted Answer

A)  5 minutes long. 
B)  20 minutes long. 
C)  35 minutes long. 
D)  90 minutes long. 
E)  140 minutes long. 
A)  5 minutes long. 
B)  20 minutes long. 
C)  35 minutes long. 
D)  90 minutes long. 
E)  140 minutes long.

Question 4

Orexin is synthesized by neurons in the

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior hypothalamus. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  suprachiasmatic nucleus. 
D)  anterior diencephalon. 
E)  reticular activating system. 
A)  posterior hypothalamus. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  suprachiasmatic nucleus. 
D)  anterior diencephalon. 
E)  reticular activating system.

Question 5

Identify three areas of the brain that are involved in the regulation of sleep. What is thought to be the function of each area? Be sure to describe the evidence that has implicated them.

Accepted Answer

30% for identifying the three

Question 6

The EEG of a cerveau isolé is desynchronized only during

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep. 
B)  wakefulness. 
C)  intense visual or olfactory stimuli. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  sleep. 
B)  wakefulness. 
C)  intense visual or olfactory stimuli. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 7

In one study, 8 volunteers reduced their sleep by 30 minutes per night until they did not want to reduce it further. A major finding was that

Accepted Answer

A)  4 managed to reduce their sleep to 5 hours per night. 
B)  2 managed to reduce their sleep to 4.5 hours per night. 
C)  the volunteers began to experience significant daytime sleepiness once they had reduced their sleep to 6 hours or less per night. 
D)  the volunteers were still sleeping between 7 and 18 hours less per week when they were tested 1 year after the experiment ended. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  4 managed to reduce their sleep to 5 hours per night. 
B)  2 managed to reduce their sleep to 4.5 hours per night. 
C)  the volunteers began to experience significant daytime sleepiness once they had reduced their sleep to 6 hours or less per night. 
D)  the volunteers were still sleeping between 7 and 18 hours less per week when they were tested 1 year after the experiment ended. 
E)  all of the above

Question 8

Which of the following are commonly prescribed as hypnotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  barbiturates 
B)  tricyclic antidepressants 
C)  benzodiazepines 
D)  serotonin antagonists 
E)  melatonin 
A)  barbiturates 
B)  tricyclic antidepressants 
C)  benzodiazepines 
D)  serotonin antagonists 
E)  melatonin

Question 9

In the neurotransplantation experiment by Ralph and colleagues, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) were transplanted from the fetuses of mutant hamsters that had abnormally brief free-running sleep-wake cycles into normal adult hamsters whose sleep-wake cycles had been abolished by SCN lesions. The transplants initiated __________ sleep-wake cycles in the recipients.

Accepted Answer

A)  24-hour 
B)  24-hour free-running 
C)  25.5-hour free-running 
D)  20-hour free-running 
E)  reversed 
A)  24-hour 
B)  24-hour free-running 
C)  25.5-hour free-running 
D)  20-hour free-running 
E)  reversed

Question 10

Under free-running conditions, longer periods of wakefulness and are usually followed by

Accepted Answer

A)  shorter periods of sleep. 
B)  longer periods of sleep. 
C)  sleep with no REM. 
D)  sleep inertia. 
E)  restless legs. 
A)  shorter periods of sleep. 
B)  longer periods of sleep. 
C)  sleep with no REM. 
D)  sleep inertia. 
E)  restless legs.

Question 11

Studies of __________ provided early evidence that the anterior hypothalamus is involved in sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  insomnia 
B)  narcolepsy 
C)  encephalitis lethargica 
D)  catalepsy 
E)  multiple sclerosis 
A)  insomnia 
B)  narcolepsy 
C)  encephalitis lethargica 
D)  catalepsy 
E)  multiple sclerosis

Question 12

The fact that giant sloths sleep 20 hours per day is a strong argument

Accepted Answer

A)  against the circadian theory of sleep. 
B)  for the recuperation theory of sleep. 
C)  against the theory that sleep is a compensatory reaction to energy expenditure. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B 
A)  against the circadian theory of sleep. 
B)  for the recuperation theory of sleep. 
C)  against the theory that sleep is a compensatory reaction to energy expenditure. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and B

Question 13

The practice of diagnosing people as neurotic pseudoinsomniacs stopped when it was discovered that many people

Accepted Answer

A)  who complain of insomnia sleep for over 6.5 hours per night. 
B)  who complain of insomnia sleep most of the night but unknowingly suffer from sleep apnea, nocturnal myoclonus, or some other sleep-disturbing disorder. 
C)  become neurotic because of their insomnia, but not vice versa. 
D)  become an insomniac as a result of their neuroses, but not vice versa. 
E)  who complain of insomnia get little sleep. 
A)  who complain of insomnia sleep for over 6.5 hours per night. 
B)  who complain of insomnia sleep most of the night but unknowingly suffer from sleep apnea, nocturnal myoclonus, or some other sleep-disturbing disorder. 
C)  become neurotic because of their insomnia, but not vice versa. 
D)  become an insomniac as a result of their neuroses, but not vice versa. 
E)  who complain of insomnia get little sleep.

Question 14

Disorders of excessive sleep or sleepiness are classified as

Accepted Answer

A)  insomnia. 
B)  hypersomnia. 
C)  iatrogenic. 
D)  hyposomnia. 
E)  REM-sleep disorders. 
A)  insomnia. 
B)  hypersomnia. 
C)  iatrogenic. 
D)  hyposomnia. 
E)  REM-sleep disorders.

Question 15

__________ theories of sleep presume that being awake somehow disrupts the homeostasis of the body, and sleep is required to restore it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ theories of sleep presume that being...

Question 16

People who claim to be nondreamers

Accepted Answer

A)  have much less REM sleep than other people. 
B)  rarely have penile erections. 
C)  sometimes recall dreams if awakened during REM sleep. 
D)  typically have more REM sleep than other people. 
E)  are often found to be suffering from brain damage. 
A)  have much less REM sleep than other people. 
B)  rarely have penile erections. 
C)  sometimes recall dreams if awakened during REM sleep. 
D)  typically have more REM sleep than other people. 
E)  are often found to be suffering from brain damage.

Question 17

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms. Explain why these particular discoveries are so important?

Accepted Answer

75% for describing three impor

Question 18

According to the text,

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud viewed dreams as symbolic representations of repressed sexual conflict. 
B)  there is no convincing evidence for Freud's theory of dreams. 
C)  Freud's view of dreams is widely accepted by the general public. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  Freud viewed dreams as symbolic representations of repressed sexual conflict. 
B)  there is no convincing evidence for Freud's theory of dreams. 
C)  Freud's view of dreams is widely accepted by the general public. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 19

Theories postulating that sleep permits the body to recover from internal deficits produced by wakefulness are often referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation theories. 
B)  recuperation theories. 
C)  free-running theories. 
D)  circadian theories. 
E)  diurnal theories. 
A)  adaptation theories. 
B)  recuperation theories. 
C)  free-running theories. 
D)  circadian theories. 
E)  diurnal theories.

Question 20

Our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of narcolepsy is largely attributable to the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  Canadian hockey players. 
B)  Canadian neuroscientists. 
C)  Spanish physiologists. 
D)  mutant rats. 
E)  a strain of dogs. 
A)  Canadian hockey players. 
B)  Canadian neuroscientists. 
C)  Spanish physiologists. 
D)  mutant rats. 
E)  a strain of dogs.

The first mammalian circadian gene to have its structure characterized was

Several large-scale longitudinal studies documented the sleep patterns and health of healthy volunteers for several years. They found that people who slept __________ hours per night tended to live the longest.

Each cycle of sleep during a typical night tends to be about

Orexin is synthesized by neurons in the

Identify three areas of the brain that are involved in the regulation of sleep. What is thought to be the function of each area? Be sure to describe the evidence that has implicated them.

The EEG of a cerveau isolé is desynchronized only during

In one study, 8 volunteers reduced their sleep by 30 minutes per night until they did not want to reduce it further. A major finding was that

Which of the following are commonly prescribed as hypnotics?

Under free-running conditions, longer periods of wakefulness and are usually followed by

Studies of __________ provided early evidence that the anterior hypothalamus is involved in sleep.

The fact that giant sloths sleep 20 hours per day is a strong argument

The practice of diagnosing people as neurotic pseudoinsomniacs stopped when it was discovered that many people

Disorders of excessive sleep or sleepiness are classified as

__________ theories of sleep presume that being awake somehow disrupts the homeostasis of the body, and sleep is required to restore it.

People who claim to be nondreamers

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms. Explain why these particular discoveries are so important?

According to the text,

Theories postulating that sleep permits the body to recover from internal deficits produced by wakefulness are often referred to as

Our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of narcolepsy is largely attributable to the study of

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters

Exam 14: Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

The first mammalian circadian gene to have its structure characterized was

Several large-scale longitudinal studies documented the sleep patterns and health of healthy volunteers for several years. They found that people who slept __________ hours per night tended to live the longest.

Each cycle of sleep during a typical night tends to be about

Orexin is synthesized by neurons in the

Identify three areas of the brain that are involved in the regulation of sleep. What is thought to be the function of each area? Be sure to describe the evidence that has implicated them.

The EEG of a cerveau isolé is desynchronized only during

In one study, 8 volunteers reduced their sleep by 30 minutes per night until they did not want to reduce it further. A major finding was that

Which of the following are commonly prescribed as hypnotics?

Under free-running conditions, longer periods of wakefulness and are usually followed by

Studies of __________ provided early evidence that the anterior hypothalamus is involved in sleep.

The fact that giant sloths sleep 20 hours per day is a strong argument

The practice of diagnosing people as neurotic pseudoinsomniacs stopped when it was discovered that many people

Disorders of excessive sleep or sleepiness are classified as

__________ theories of sleep presume that being awake somehow disrupts the homeostasis of the body, and sleep is required to restore it.

People who claim to be nondreamers

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms. Explain why these particular discoveries are so important?

According to the text,

Theories postulating that sleep permits the body to recover from internal deficits produced by wakefulness are often referred to as

Our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of narcolepsy is largely attributable to the study of

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters