Question 1

During microsleeps, people

Accepted Answer

A)  fall down if they are standing. 
B)  become less responsive to external stimuli. 
C)  display a sleep EEG. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C 
A)  fall down if they are standing. 
B)  become less responsive to external stimuli. 
C)  display a sleep EEG. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both B and C

Question 2

Under normal living conditions, most people sleep during

Accepted Answer

A)  body temperature homeostasis. 
B)  internal desynchronization. 
C)  free-running temperature cycles. 
D)  the falling phase of the circadian body-temperature cycle. 
E)  the rising phase of the circadian body-temperature cycle. 
A)  body temperature homeostasis. 
B)  internal desynchronization. 
C)  free-running temperature cycles. 
D)  the falling phase of the circadian body-temperature cycle. 
E)  the rising phase of the circadian body-temperature cycle.

Question 3

Most selective sleep-deprivation studies have been studies of __________ deprivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  REM-sleep 
B)  NREM-sleep 
C)  stage 2 sleep 
D)  stage 3 sleep 
E)  stage 4 sleep 
A)  REM-sleep 
B)  NREM-sleep 
C)  stage 2 sleep 
D)  stage 3 sleep 
E)  stage 4 sleep

Question 4

Which of the following stages of sleep is characterized by a low-amplitude, high-frequency sleep EEG signal that is similar to that observed during active wakefulness?

Accepted Answer

A)  stage 1 
B)  sleep spindle stage 
C)  stage 2 
D)  stage 3 
E)  both B and D 
A)  stage 1 
B)  sleep spindle stage 
C)  stage 2 
D)  stage 3 
E)  both B and D

Question 5

Most mammals and birds

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep. 
B)  have sleep that is similar to human sleep. 
C)  have sleep that is characterized by high-amplitude, low-frequency EEG activity that is punctuated by periods of low-amplitude, high frequency EEG activity. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  sleep. 
B)  have sleep that is similar to human sleep. 
C)  have sleep that is characterized by high-amplitude, low-frequency EEG activity that is punctuated by periods of low-amplitude, high frequency EEG activity. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

The effects of the carousel apparatus are difficult to interpret because

Accepted Answer

A)  it can deprive rats of only a small amount of sleep. 
B)  the volunteers have to sleep in wet pajamas. 
C)  in addition to producing sleep deprivation, it produces confounding stress. 
D)  it prevents microsleeps. 
E)  the yoked control subjects experience much more stress than do the experimental subjects. 
A)  it can deprive rats of only a small amount of sleep. 
B)  the volunteers have to sleep in wet pajamas. 
C)  in addition to producing sleep deprivation, it produces confounding stress. 
D)  it prevents microsleeps. 
E)  the yoked control subjects experience much more stress than do the experimental subjects.

Question 7

Which of the following dangerous effects usually occur in humans after periods of sleep deprivation longer than 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenic tendencies 
B)  lasting reductions in cortical activity 
C)  chronic hormone imbalances 
D)  chronic cardiac irregularities 
E)  none of the above 
A)  schizophrenic tendencies 
B)  lasting reductions in cortical activity 
C)  chronic hormone imbalances 
D)  chronic cardiac irregularities 
E)  none of the above

Question 8

Free-running periods of sleep-wake cycles are

Accepted Answer

A)  the pauses between free-running cycles. 
B)  invariably lengthened by zeitgebers. 
C)  invariably shortened by zeitgebers. 
D)  usually longer than 24 hours. 
E)  usually shorter than 24 hours. 
A)  the pauses between free-running cycles. 
B)  invariably lengthened by zeitgebers. 
C)  invariably shortened by zeitgebers. 
D)  usually longer than 24 hours. 
E)  usually shorter than 24 hours.

Question 9

The various phenomena of REM sleep appear to be controlled by circuits scattered throughout the

Accepted Answer

A)  basal forebrain. 
B)  posterior hypothalamus. 
C)  caudal reticular formation. 
D)  midbrain. 
E)  colliculi. 
A)  basal forebrain. 
B)  posterior hypothalamus. 
C)  caudal reticular formation. 
D)  midbrain. 
E)  colliculi.

Question 10

Professor Bland sometimes falls asleep while she is having a discussion. She would likely be diagnosed as having

Accepted Answer

A)  insomnia. 
B)  narcolepsy. 
C)  cataplexy. 
D)  epilepsy. 
E)  SIDS. 
A)  insomnia. 
B)  narcolepsy. 
C)  cataplexy. 
D)  epilepsy. 
E)  SIDS.

Question 11

Somnambulism typically occurs during

Accepted Answer

A)  stages 3 or 4 sleep. 
B)  dreaming. 
C)  emergent stage 1 sleep. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  initial stage 1 sleep. 
A)  stages 3 or 4 sleep. 
B)  dreaming. 
C)  emergent stage 1 sleep. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  initial stage 1 sleep.

Question 12

Melatonin is synthesized from

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  GABA. 
E)  dopamine. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  GABA. 
E)  dopamine.

Question 13

The main evidence that circadian sleep-wake and body-temperature cycles are not causally related is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are always internally desynchronized. 
B)  frequently become internally desynchronized under normal living conditions. 
C)  sometimes become internally desynchronized under free-running conditions. 
D)  usually have different free-running periods. 
E)  are negatively correlated. 
A)  are always internally desynchronized. 
B)  frequently become internally desynchronized under normal living conditions. 
C)  sometimes become internally desynchronized under free-running conditions. 
D)  usually have different free-running periods. 
E)  are negatively correlated.

Question 14

Microsleeps are usually about __________ long.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 seconds 
B)  25 seconds 
C)  1 minute 
D)  5 minutes 
E)  7 minutes 
A)  3 seconds 
B)  25 seconds 
C)  1 minute 
D)  5 minutes 
E)  7 minutes

Question 15

Melatonin appears to be particularly effective in treating

Accepted Answer

A)  insomnia that results from a melatonin deficiency. 
B)  hypersomnia. 
C)  insomnia that results from the failure of light to serve as a zeitgeber in blind patients. 
D)  both A and C 
E)  both B and C 
A)  insomnia that results from a melatonin deficiency. 
B)  hypersomnia. 
C)  insomnia that results from the failure of light to serve as a zeitgeber in blind patients. 
D)  both A and C 
E)  both B and C

Question 16

How much sleep do we really need? According to the text, the evidence suggests that, if sleep is monophasic, the answer seems to be about __________ hours per night for most people.

Accepted Answer

A)  3.0 
B)  5.5 
C)  7.0 
D)  8.0 
E)  10.0 
A)  3.0 
B)  5.5 
C)  7.0 
D)  8.0 
E)  10.0

Question 17

Specialized __________ cells function as receptors for gradual changes in illumination. These receptors contain melanopsin and play a role in regulating circadian cycles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Specialized __________ cells function as receptors for...

Question 18

The diurnal light-dark cycle entrains the sleep-wake cycle via the

Accepted Answer

A)  REM-sleep circuits. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  retinohypothalamic tracts. 
D)  caudal brain stem. 
E)  reticular formation. 
A)  REM-sleep circuits. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  retinohypothalamic tracts. 
D)  caudal brain stem. 
E)  reticular formation.

Question 19

Eastern flights

Accepted Answer

A)  slow down most zeitgebers. 
B)  cause phase advances. 
C)  cause phase delays. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C 
A)  slow down most zeitgebers. 
B)  cause phase advances. 
C)  cause phase delays. 
D)  both A and B 
E)  both A and C

Question 20

Many people feel temporarily groggy when waking from a nap. This is called

Accepted Answer

A)  nap aftereffect. 
B)  sleep inertia. 
C)  nap hypnagogia. 
D)  sleep paralysis. 
E)  nap apnea. 
A)  nap aftereffect. 
B)  sleep inertia. 
C)  nap hypnagogia. 
D)  sleep paralysis. 
E)  nap apnea.

During microsleeps, people

Under normal living conditions, most people sleep during

Most selective sleep-deprivation studies have been studies of __________ deprivation.

Which of the following stages of sleep is characterized by a low-amplitude, high-frequency sleep EEG signal that is similar to that observed during active wakefulness?

Most mammals and birds

The effects of the carousel apparatus are difficult to interpret because

Which of the following dangerous effects usually occur in humans after periods of sleep deprivation longer than 24 hours?

Free-running periods of sleep-wake cycles are

The various phenomena of REM sleep appear to be controlled by circuits scattered throughout the

Professor Bland sometimes falls asleep while she is having a discussion. She would likely be diagnosed as having

Somnambulism typically occurs during

Melatonin is synthesized from

The main evidence that circadian sleep-wake and body-temperature cycles are not causally related is that they

Microsleeps are usually about __________ long.

Melatonin appears to be particularly effective in treating

How much sleep do we really need? According to the text, the evidence suggests that, if sleep is monophasic, the answer seems to be about __________ hours per night for most people.

Specialized __________ cells function as receptors for gradual changes in illumination. These receptors contain melanopsin and play a role in regulating circadian cycles.

The diurnal light-dark cycle entrains the sleep-wake cycle via the

Eastern flights

Many people feel temporarily groggy when waking from a nap. This is called

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 14: Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

During microsleeps, people

Under normal living conditions, most people sleep during

Most selective sleep-deprivation studies have been studies of __________ deprivation.

Which of the following stages of sleep is characterized by a low-amplitude, high-frequency sleep EEG signal that is similar to that observed during active wakefulness?

Most mammals and birds

The effects of the carousel apparatus are difficult to interpret because

Which of the following dangerous effects usually occur in humans after periods of sleep deprivation longer than 24 hours?

Free-running periods of sleep-wake cycles are

The various phenomena of REM sleep appear to be controlled by circuits scattered throughout the

Professor Bland sometimes falls asleep while she is having a discussion. She would likely be diagnosed as having

Somnambulism typically occurs during

Melatonin is synthesized from

The main evidence that circadian sleep-wake and body-temperature cycles are not causally related is that they

Microsleeps are usually about __________ long.

Melatonin appears to be particularly effective in treating

How much sleep do we really need? According to the text, the evidence suggests that, if sleep is monophasic, the answer seems to be about __________ hours per night for most people.

Specialized __________ cells function as receptors for gradual changes in illumination. These receptors contain melanopsin and play a role in regulating circadian cycles.

The diurnal light-dark cycle entrains the sleep-wake cycle via the

Eastern flights

Many people feel temporarily groggy when waking from a nap. This is called

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters