Question 1

Sleep apnea commonly results from

Accepted Answer

A)  a failure of the CNS to stimulate respiration. 
B)  obstruction of the breathing passage by muscle spasms. 
C)  obstruction of the breathing passage by atonia. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  excessive use of stimulant drugs. 
A)  a failure of the CNS to stimulate respiration. 
B)  obstruction of the breathing passage by muscle spasms. 
C)  obstruction of the breathing passage by atonia. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  excessive use of stimulant drugs.

Question 2

The EOG is a measure of

Accepted Answer

A)  the first-night phenomenon. 
B)  eye movement. 
C)  eye-muscle tension. 
D)  stage 1 EEG. 
E)  both B and C 
A)  the first-night phenomenon. 
B)  eye movement. 
C)  eye-muscle tension. 
D)  stage 1 EEG. 
E)  both B and C

Question 3

The entrainment of circadian rhythms by visual zeitgebers is mediated by

Accepted Answer

A)  part of the optic nerve. 
B)  the retinohypothalamic tract. 
C)  a rare type of retinal ganglion cell. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  part of the optic nerve. 
B)  the retinohypothalamic tract. 
C)  a rare type of retinal ganglion cell. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drugs that increase the activity of catecholamine neurotransmitters are hypnotics. 
B)  Cocaine, amphetamine, and tricyclic antidepressants are antihypnotic drugs. 
C)  Antihypnotics suppress REM sleep more than they do the other phases of sleep. 
D)  Stimulant drugs are antihypnotics. 
E)  Norepinephrine and dopamine are catecholamines. 
A)  Drugs that increase the activity of catecholamine neurotransmitters are hypnotics. 
B)  Cocaine, amphetamine, and tricyclic antidepressants are antihypnotic drugs. 
C)  Antihypnotics suppress REM sleep more than they do the other phases of sleep. 
D)  Stimulant drugs are antihypnotics. 
E)  Norepinephrine and dopamine are catecholamines.

Question 5

The association of REM sleep and dreaming was discovered in the early 1950s in the laboratory of

Accepted Answer

A)  Siegel. 
B)  Kleitman. 
C)  Mistlberger. 
D)  Meddis. 
E)  Freud. 
A)  Siegel. 
B)  Kleitman. 
C)  Mistlberger. 
D)  Meddis. 
E)  Freud.

Question 6

Melatonin is released by the

Accepted Answer

A)  pinel gland. 
B)  pineal gland. 
C)  penile gland. 
D)  adrenal medulla. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  pinel gland. 
B)  pineal gland. 
C)  penile gland. 
D)  adrenal medulla. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 7

The 8-to-12 Hz EEG waves that are often associated with relaxed wakefulness are called

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha waves. 
B)  delta waves. 
C)  K complexes. 
D)  sleep spindles. 
E)  REM waves. 
A)  alpha waves. 
B)  delta waves. 
C)  K complexes. 
D)  sleep spindles. 
E)  REM waves.

Question 8

The case of Miss M. is interesting because

Accepted Answer

A)  brain damage had left her unable to sleep. 
B)  by using stimulant drugs she was able to reduce her sleep to 1 or 2 hours per night. 
C)  her lack of sleep had made her paranoid. 
D)  she had been able to train herself with great effort not to sleep when she had better things to do with her time. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  brain damage had left her unable to sleep. 
B)  by using stimulant drugs she was able to reduce her sleep to 1 or 2 hours per night. 
C)  her lack of sleep had made her paranoid. 
D)  she had been able to train herself with great effort not to sleep when she had better things to do with her time. 
E)  none of the above

Question 9

Under normal living conditions, most of our entrained circadian cycles are about

Accepted Answer

A)  23.1 hours long. 
B)  23.5 hours long. 
C)  24.0 hours long. 
D)  24.5 hours long. 
E)  25.2 hours long. 
A)  23.1 hours long. 
B)  23.5 hours long. 
C)  24.0 hours long. 
D)  24.5 hours long. 
E)  25.2 hours long.

Question 10

Circadian cycles without zeitgebers are said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  free-running periods. 
B)  free-running. 
C)  desynchronized. 
D)  diurnal. 
E)  entrained. 
A)  free-running periods. 
B)  free-running. 
C)  desynchronized. 
D)  diurnal. 
E)  entrained.

Question 11

Studies of encephalitis lethargica provided the first evidence that the posterior __________ and surrounding area plays a role in the maintenance of wakefulness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies of encephalitis lethargica provided the first...

Question 12

Which of the following is not a change that signals the beginning of REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in EEG amplitude 
B)  an increase in the tension of the muscles of the body core 
C)  an increase in the oxygen consumption of the brain 
D)  an increase in the irregularity of the pulse 
E)  an increase in EEG frequency 
A)  a decrease in EEG amplitude 
B)  an increase in the tension of the muscles of the body core 
C)  an increase in the oxygen consumption of the brain 
D)  an increase in the irregularity of the pulse 
E)  an increase in EEG frequency

Question 13

A free-running rhythm is a rhythm without any external

Accepted Answer

A)  light. 
B)  light-dark cycles. 
C)  desynchronization. 
D)  zeitgebers. 
E)  jet lag. 
A)  light. 
B)  light-dark cycles. 
C)  desynchronization. 
D)  zeitgebers. 
E)  jet lag.

Question 14

Somnambulism usually occurs during stage __________ sleep.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Somnambulism usually occurs during stage __________ sleep....

Question 15

Slow-wave sleep seems to play a particularly important role in the recuperative effects of sleep. The following is major evidence for this conclusion:

Accepted Answer

A)  People regain only a small portion of their lost sleep following a period of sleep deprivation, but they regain much of their lost stage 4. 
B)  Most long sleepers get a higher proportion of stage 3 and 4 sleep than short sleepers. 
C)  Volunteers who have reduced the amount that they sleep each night have often accomplished this without substantially reducing the amount of stages 3 and 4 sleep. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C 
A)  People regain only a small portion of their lost sleep following a period of sleep deprivation, but they regain much of their lost stage 4. 
B)  Most long sleepers get a higher proportion of stage 3 and 4 sleep than short sleepers. 
C)  Volunteers who have reduced the amount that they sleep each night have often accomplished this without substantially reducing the amount of stages 3 and 4 sleep. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  both A and C

Question 16

Loss of 3 or 4 hours of sleep for one night has been found to reliably

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupt the performance of intelligence tests. 
B)  disturb mood. 
C)  disrupt motor performance. 
D)  reduce strength. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  disrupt the performance of intelligence tests. 
B)  disturb mood. 
C)  disrupt motor performance. 
D)  reduce strength. 
E)  all of the above

Question 17

Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)  SWS. 
B)  stage 2 sleep. 
C)  REM sleep. 
D)  delta sleep. 
E)  stage 3 sleep. 
A)  SWS. 
B)  stage 2 sleep. 
C)  REM sleep. 
D)  delta sleep. 
E)  stage 3 sleep.

Question 18

The first circadian gene to be discovered in mammals was

Accepted Answer

A)  clock. 
B)  alarm. 
C)  circa. 
D)  tau. 
E)  invert. 
A)  clock. 
B)  alarm. 
C)  circa. 
D)  tau. 
E)  invert.

Question 19

Many cases of insomnia are caused by drugs prescribed to treat them. Disorders caused by medical treatment are termed __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many cases of insomnia are caused by...

Question 20

Which of the following can entrain the circadian sleep-wake cycles of animals living under constant lighting conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  regular daily bouts of social interaction 
B)  regular daily meals 
C)  regular daily bouts of exercise 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  regular daily bouts of social interaction 
B)  regular daily meals 
C)  regular daily bouts of exercise 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Sleep apnea commonly results from

The EOG is a measure of

The entrainment of circadian rhythms by visual zeitgebers is mediated by

Which of the following statements is not correct?

The association of REM sleep and dreaming was discovered in the early 1950s in the laboratory of

Melatonin is released by the

The 8-to-12 Hz EEG waves that are often associated with relaxed wakefulness are called

The case of Miss M. is interesting because

Under normal living conditions, most of our entrained circadian cycles are about

Circadian cycles without zeitgebers are said to be

Studies of encephalitis lethargica provided the first evidence that the posterior __________ and surrounding area plays a role in the maintenance of wakefulness.

Which of the following is not a change that signals the beginning of REM sleep?

A free-running rhythm is a rhythm without any external

Somnambulism usually occurs during stage __________ sleep.

Slow-wave sleep seems to play a particularly important role in the recuperative effects of sleep. The following is major evidence for this conclusion:

Loss of 3 or 4 hours of sleep for one night has been found to reliably

Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristic of

The first circadian gene to be discovered in mammals was

Many cases of insomnia are caused by drugs prescribed to treat them. Disorders caused by medical treatment are termed __________.

Which of the following can entrain the circadian sleep-wake cycles of animals living under constant lighting conditions?

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 14: Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Sleep apnea commonly results from

The EOG is a measure of

The entrainment of circadian rhythms by visual zeitgebers is mediated by

Which of the following statements is not correct?

The association of REM sleep and dreaming was discovered in the early 1950s in the laboratory of

Melatonin is released by the

The 8-to-12 Hz EEG waves that are often associated with relaxed wakefulness are called

The case of Miss M. is interesting because

Under normal living conditions, most of our entrained circadian cycles are about

Circadian cycles without zeitgebers are said to be

Studies of encephalitis lethargica provided the first evidence that the posterior __________ and surrounding area plays a role in the maintenance of wakefulness.

Which of the following is not a change that signals the beginning of REM sleep?

A free-running rhythm is a rhythm without any external

Somnambulism usually occurs during stage __________ sleep.

Slow-wave sleep seems to play a particularly important role in the recuperative effects of sleep. The following is major evidence for this conclusion:

Loss of 3 or 4 hours of sleep for one night has been found to reliably

Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristic of

The first circadian gene to be discovered in mammals was

Many cases of insomnia are caused by drugs prescribed to treat them. Disorders caused by medical treatment are termed __________.

Which of the following can entrain the circadian sleep-wake cycles of animals living under constant lighting conditions?

Biopsychology as a Neuroscience: What is Biopsychology, Anyway?

Evolution, Genetics, and Experience: Thinking About the Biology of Behavior

The Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

The Research Methods of Biopsychology

The Visual System

Mechanisms of Perception

The Sensorimotor System

Development of the Nervous System

Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity

Learning, Memory, and Amnesia

Hunger, Eating, and Health

Hormones and Sex

Drug Addiction and the Brain’s Reward Circuits

Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain

Biopsychology of Emotion, Stress, and Health

Biopsychology of Psychiatric Disorders

Filters