Question 1

Which of the following is not a distinct property in the study of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality reflects individual differences. 
B)  Personality is consistent and enduring. 
C)  Personality is consistent across families. 
D)  Personality can change. 
A)  Personality reflects individual differences. 
B)  Personality is consistent and enduring. 
C)  Personality is consistent across families. 
D)  Personality can change.

Question 2

______ proposes that some individuals believe that they can control outcomes by their own actions and personal abilities, whereas others feel that external forces such as luck or chance control their destiny.

Accepted Answer

A)  Need for cognition 
B)  Locus of control 
C)  Self-monitoring 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Need for cognition 
B)  Locus of control 
C)  Self-monitoring 
D)  None of the above

Question 3

_____ is a personality trait that measures the degree of rigidity or openness individuals display towards the unfamiliar or towards information that is contrary to their established beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Innovativeness 
B)  Dogmatism 
C)  Ethnocentrism 
D)  Novelty seeking 
A)  Innovativeness 
B)  Dogmatism 
C)  Ethnocentrism 
D)  Novelty seeking

Question 4

Consumers may think of products as having personalities, which can in turn affect how consumers perceive those products.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Vicarious exploration is a type of variety-seeking behaviour which sees consumers constantly switching brands to experience new and better alternatives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Consumers who are more attuned to, and comfortable in, handling familiar and safe situations, and for this reason do not deal well with uncertainty are classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  certainty-oriented. 
B)  uncertainty-oriented. 
C)  compulsive consumers. 
D)  low-monitors. 
A)  certainty-oriented. 
B)  uncertainty-oriented. 
C)  compulsive consumers. 
D)  low-monitors.

Question 7

Which of the following are ways that possessions can extend one's self?

Accepted Answer

A)  By allowing one to do things that otherwise would be very difficult. 
B)  By symbolically making one feel better or more appreciated. 
C)  By conferring status or rank. 
D)  All of the above extend one's self. 
A)  By allowing one to do things that otherwise would be very difficult. 
B)  By symbolically making one feel better or more appreciated. 
C)  By conferring status or rank. 
D)  All of the above extend one's self.

Question 8

Inner-directed people prefer ads that stress product features and personal benefits over ads that contain social acceptance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Consumer innovativeness is a personality trait that measures the degree of rigidity people display towards the unfamiliar or towards information that is contrary to their established beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

One of the features of personality is that it is consistently changing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

When an individual's optimum stimulation levels are greater than their current reality, they would most likely:

Accepted Answer

A)  be quite satisfied. 
B)  seek rest or relief. 
C)  be bored. 
D)  feel overstimulated. 
A)  be quite satisfied. 
B)  seek rest or relief. 
C)  be bored. 
D)  feel overstimulated.

Question 12

What is meant by self-image? Identify and describe the four main self-image constructs. What is 'expected self-image' and why is it especially valuable to marketers?

Accepted Answer

Self-image refers to a person's image of

Question 13

Unlike Freudian and neo-Freudian research, trait theory research uses:

Accepted Answer

A)  personal observation. 
B)  dream analysis. 
C)  empirical measurements. 
D)  projective techniques. 
A)  personal observation. 
B)  dream analysis. 
C)  empirical measurements. 
D)  projective techniques.

Question 14

What is consumer ethnocentrism? Cite some examples. In relation to consumer ethnocentrism, what is the CETSCALE?

Accepted Answer

Consumer ethnocentrism is a predispositi

Question 15

Neo-Freudian theorists believe that:

Accepted Answer

A)  social relationships are fundamental to the development of personality. 
B)  personality is measured in terms of specific psychological characteristics called 	traits. 
C)  unconscious needs and drives are at the heart of human motivation. 
D)  women make product choices that remind them of their mothers. 
A)  social relationships are fundamental to the development of personality. 
B)  personality is measured in terms of specific psychological characteristics called 	traits. 
C)  unconscious needs and drives are at the heart of human motivation. 
D)  women make product choices that remind them of their mothers.

Question 16

In the personality trait known as social character, ________ consumers prefer ads that feature a social environment or social acceptance.

Accepted Answer

A)  inner-directed 
B)  other-directed 
C)  dogmatic 
D)  ethnocentric 
A)  inner-directed 
B)  other-directed 
C)  dogmatic 
D)  ethnocentric

Question 17

Consumer research revealed that Mr. Coffee was seen by consumers as being dependable, friendly, efficient, intelligent and smart. This _____ strategy is used by marketers to recast consumers' perceptions of product attributes into human-like characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A)  product humanisation 
B)  brand personification 
C)  brand identification 
D)  human trait 
A)  product humanisation 
B)  brand personification 
C)  brand identification 
D)  human trait

Question 18

'He's growing up, he's now much calmer' is a statement that is consistent with the fact that personality is consistent and enduring.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If an individual purchases a car and as a result feels better about his/herself, then this result is best explained through one's:

Accepted Answer

A)  social image. 
B)  extended self. 
C)  ideal self-image. 
D)  expected self-image. 
A)  social image. 
B)  extended self. 
C)  ideal self-image. 
D)  expected self-image.

Question 20

Explain the ways in which Freudian psychoanalytic theory of personality has had an impact on marketing.

Accepted Answer

Freud's psychoanalytic theory of persona

Which of the following is not a distinct property in the study of personality?

______ proposes that some individuals believe that they can control outcomes by their own actions and personal abilities, whereas others feel that external forces such as luck or chance control their destiny.

_____ is a personality trait that measures the degree of rigidity or openness individuals display towards the unfamiliar or towards information that is contrary to their established beliefs.

Consumers may think of products as having personalities, which can in turn affect how consumers perceive those products.

Vicarious exploration is a type of variety-seeking behaviour which sees consumers constantly switching brands to experience new and better alternatives.

Consumers who are more attuned to, and comfortable in, handling familiar and safe situations, and for this reason do not deal well with uncertainty are classified as:

Which of the following are ways that possessions can extend one's self?

Inner-directed people prefer ads that stress product features and personal benefits over ads that contain social acceptance.

Consumer innovativeness is a personality trait that measures the degree of rigidity people display towards the unfamiliar or towards information that is contrary to their established beliefs.

One of the features of personality is that it is consistently changing.

When an individual's optimum stimulation levels are greater than their current reality, they would most likely:

What is meant by self-image? Identify and describe the four main self-image constructs. What is 'expected self-image' and why is it especially valuable to marketers?

Unlike Freudian and neo-Freudian research, trait theory research uses:

What is consumer ethnocentrism? Cite some examples. In relation to consumer ethnocentrism, what is the CETSCALE?

Neo-Freudian theorists believe that:

In the personality trait known as social character, ________ consumers prefer ads that feature a social environment or social acceptance.

Consumer research revealed that Mr. Coffee was seen by consumers as being dependable, friendly, efficient, intelligent and smart. This _____ strategy is used by marketers to recast consumers' perceptions of product attributes into human-like characteristics.

'He's growing up, he's now much calmer' is a statement that is consistent with the fact that personality is consistent and enduring.

If an individual purchases a car and as a result feels better about his/herself, then this result is best explained through one's:

Explain the ways in which Freudian psychoanalytic theory of personality has had an impact on marketing.

The foundations of consumer behaviour

Market segmentation: segmenting, targeting and positioning for diverse

Consumer needs and motivation

Consumer perception

Consumer learning and involvement

Consumer attitudes—attitude development and change

Social influences on consumer behaviour

The family

Social class and consumer behaviour

The influence of culture on consumer behaviour

Subcultural aspects of consumer behaviour

Cross-cultural consumer behaviour: An international perspective

Decision making

Consumer influence and diffusion of innovations

Public policy and consumer protection

Filters

Exam 4: Personality and self-concept

Which of the following is not a distinct property in the study of personality?

______ proposes that some individuals believe that they can control outcomes by their own actions and personal abilities, whereas others feel that external forces such as luck or chance control their destiny.

_____ is a personality trait that measures the degree of rigidity or openness individuals display towards the unfamiliar or towards information that is contrary to their established beliefs.

Consumers may think of products as having personalities, which can in turn affect how consumers perceive those products.

Vicarious exploration is a type of variety-seeking behaviour which sees consumers constantly switching brands to experience new and better alternatives.

Consumers who are more attuned to, and comfortable in, handling familiar and safe situations, and for this reason do not deal well with uncertainty are classified as:

Which of the following are ways that possessions can extend one's self?

Inner-directed people prefer ads that stress product features and personal benefits over ads that contain social acceptance.

Consumer innovativeness is a personality trait that measures the degree of rigidity people display towards the unfamiliar or towards information that is contrary to their established beliefs.

One of the features of personality is that it is consistently changing.

When an individual's optimum stimulation levels are greater than their current reality, they would most likely:

What is meant by self-image? Identify and describe the four main self-image constructs. What is 'expected self-image' and why is it especially valuable to marketers?

Unlike Freudian and neo-Freudian research, trait theory research uses:

What is consumer ethnocentrism? Cite some examples. In relation to consumer ethnocentrism, what is the CETSCALE?

Neo-Freudian theorists believe that:

In the personality trait known as social character, ________ consumers prefer ads that feature a social environment or social acceptance.

Consumer research revealed that Mr. Coffee was seen by consumers as being dependable, friendly, efficient, intelligent and smart. This _____ strategy is used by marketers to recast consumers' perceptions of product attributes into human-like characteristics.

'He's growing up, he's now much calmer' is a statement that is consistent with the fact that personality is consistent and enduring.

If an individual purchases a car and as a result feels better about his/herself, then this result is best explained through one's:

Explain the ways in which Freudian psychoanalytic theory of personality has had an impact on marketing.

The foundations of consumer behaviour

Market segmentation: segmenting, targeting and positioning for diverse

Consumer needs and motivation

Consumer perception

Consumer learning and involvement

Consumer attitudes—attitude development and change

Social influences on consumer behaviour

The family

Social class and consumer behaviour

The influence of culture on consumer behaviour

Subcultural aspects of consumer behaviour

Cross-cultural consumer behaviour: An international perspective

Decision making

Consumer influence and diffusion of innovations

Public policy and consumer protection

Filters