Question 1

If two protons and two neutrons are removed from the nucleus of an oxygen atom, a nucleus of which element remains?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen-12 
B) carbon-12 
C) neon-18 
D) carbon-14 
A) nitrogen-12 
B) carbon-12 
C) neon-18 
D) carbon-14

Question 2

Which element would have chemical properties the most similar to chlorine (Cl)?

Accepted Answer

A) Br 
B) O 
C) Ar 
D) S 
E) Na 
A) Br 
B) O 
C) Ar 
D) S 
E) Na

Question 3

What do the components of a conceptual model have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) All components interact with each other. 
B) All components are mutually independent of each other. 
C) The components have nothing in common. This is what differentiates a conceptual model from a physical model. 
D) Each component must correlate with a corresponding component of a physical model. 
A) All components interact with each other. 
B) All components are mutually independent of each other. 
C) The components have nothing in common. This is what differentiates a conceptual model from a physical model. 
D) Each component must correlate with a corresponding component of a physical model.

Question 4

Should the periodic table be memorized? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes. Like the alphabet, we need to memorize the periodic table in order to easily write the language of chemistry. 
B) Yes. Without memorizing the periodic table, one would not have any real understanding of how and why chemical compounds are put together. 
C) No. The periodic table changes every year. Memorizing it would be a waste of time. 
D) No. The periodic table is a reference to be used, not memorized. 
A) Yes. Like the alphabet, we need to memorize the periodic table in order to easily write the language of chemistry. 
B) Yes. Without memorizing the periodic table, one would not have any real understanding of how and why chemical compounds are put together. 
C) No. The periodic table changes every year. Memorizing it would be a waste of time. 
D) No. The periodic table is a reference to be used, not memorized.

Question 5

What does the following element description actually mean?   O

Accepted Answer

A) an oxygen atom with 6 protons and 12 neutrons 
B) an oxygen atom with 6 neutrons and 12 protons 
C) 6 oxygen atoms with 18 neutrons 
D) 18 oxygen molecules with 6 neutrons each 
E) none of the above 
A) an oxygen atom with 6 protons and 12 neutrons 
B) an oxygen atom with 6 neutrons and 12 protons 
C) 6 oxygen atoms with 18 neutrons 
D) 18 oxygen molecules with 6 neutrons each 
E) none of the above

Question 6

About how many elements do you have access to as a consumer of market goods.

Accepted Answer

A) none 
B) one 
C) ten 
D) one hundred 
A) none 
B) one 
C) ten 
D) one hundred

Question 7

Boron has primarily two isotopes, one with an atomic mass of 11 amu and another with an atomic mass of 10 amu. If the abundance of the boron atom with a mass of 11 amu is 18.9 percent and the abundance of the other isotope is 81.1 percent, what would be the average mass of the boron atom?

Accepted Answer

A) 10.19 amu 
B) 11 amu 
C) 10 amu 
D) 10.81 amu 
E) not enough information given 
A) 10.19 amu 
B) 11 amu 
C) 10 amu 
D) 10.81 amu 
E) not enough information given

Question 8

Which of the following statements best describes an element?

Accepted Answer

A) a material consisting of only one type of atom 
B) a material that is pure 
C) a material that has consistent physical properties 
D) a material with more than one type of atom 
E) a material that has consistent chemical properties 
A) a material consisting of only one type of atom 
B) a material that is pure 
C) a material that has consistent physical properties 
D) a material with more than one type of atom 
E) a material that has consistent chemical properties

Question 9

Which of the following elements are in the same period as magnesium (Mg)?

Accepted Answer

A) Cl 
B) Ca 
C) Mn 
D) Sr 
E) none of the above 
A) Cl 
B) Ca 
C) Mn 
D) Sr 
E) none of the above

Question 10

In some instances electromagnetic radiation behaves like a wave. In other instances electromagnetic radiation behaves more like a particle. Which behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

A) Particle behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
B) Electromagnetic radiation behaves both as a wave or as a particle depending on the circumstance. 
C) Wave behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
D) There is no circumstance in which electromagnetic radiation can be described as either portraying particle or wave behavior. 
A) Particle behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
B) Electromagnetic radiation behaves both as a wave or as a particle depending on the circumstance. 
C) Wave behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
D) There is no circumstance in which electromagnetic radiation can be described as either portraying particle or wave behavior.

Question 11

Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition, red or blue?

Accepted Answer

A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
B) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
C) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
D) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
B) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
C) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
D) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition.

Question 12

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have?   U

Accepted Answer

A) 92 
B) 82 
C) 235 
D) 143 
E) none of the above 
A) 92 
B) 82 
C) 235 
D) 143 
E) none of the above

Question 13

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would

Accepted Answer

A) become arsenic. 
B) become radioactive. 
C) expand and likely lodge in your throat. 
D) have a change in flavor. 
A) become arsenic. 
B) become radioactive. 
C) expand and likely lodge in your throat. 
D) have a change in flavor.

Question 14

Which of the following is a metalloid?

Accepted Answer

A) antimony (atomic no. = 51) 
B) zinc (atomic no. = 30) 
C) iodine (atomic no. = 53) 
D) uranium (atomic no. = 92) 
E) sulfur (atomic no. = 16) 
A) antimony (atomic no. = 51) 
B) zinc (atomic no. = 30) 
C) iodine (atomic no. = 53) 
D) uranium (atomic no. = 92) 
E) sulfur (atomic no. = 16)

Question 15

A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue. The beam of neutrons, however, is less harmful. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage. 
B) Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel. 
C) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the tissue. 
D) All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful. 
A) Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage. 
B) Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel. 
C) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the tissue. 
D) All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful.

Question 16

The element bromine, Br (atomic number 35), has two major isotopes of similar abundance, both around 50 percent. The atomic mass of bromine is reported in the periodic table as 79.904 atomic mass units. Choose the most likely set of mass numbers for these two bromine isotopes.

Accepted Answer

A) Br-80, Br-81 
B) Br-79, Br-80 
C) Br-79, Br-81 
D) Br-78, Br-80 
A) Br-80, Br-81 
B) Br-79, Br-80 
C) Br-79, Br-81 
D) Br-78, Br-80

Question 17

Which of the following best explains what is happening when an atom emits light?

Accepted Answer

A) An electron is dropping from a higher to a lower energy level with the difference in energy between the two being emitted as light. 
B) A proton is undergoing a nuclear change in the nucleus and is emitting a high energy light wave in the process. 
C) An electron is jumping from a low energy state to a high energy state with the difference in energy being converted to light. 
D) Heat energy is speeding up the orbit of the electrons and the resulting Doppler shift causes light to be emitted from the electrons. 
E) Heat energy is converting a neutron into a proton and an electron, which is ejected into the orbit of the nucleus, releasing light energy. 
A) An electron is dropping from a higher to a lower energy level with the difference in energy between the two being emitted as light. 
B) A proton is undergoing a nuclear change in the nucleus and is emitting a high energy light wave in the process. 
C) An electron is jumping from a low energy state to a high energy state with the difference in energy being converted to light. 
D) Heat energy is speeding up the orbit of the electrons and the resulting Doppler shift causes light to be emitted from the electrons. 
E) Heat energy is converting a neutron into a proton and an electron, which is ejected into the orbit of the nucleus, releasing light energy.

Question 18

If all the molecules of a body remained part of that body, would the body have any odor?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, but only if that body is sweating. 
B) No, because there would be no molecules traveling to our nose. 
C) Yes, because it would still release photons. 
D) No, because it would no longer be what it was. 
A) Yes, but only if that body is sweating. 
B) No, because there would be no molecules traveling to our nose. 
C) Yes, because it would still release photons. 
D) No, because it would no longer be what it was.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Electrons have a negative charge. 
B) Electrons are particles. 
C) Electrons behave like waves. 
D) Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E) all of the above 
A) Electrons have a negative charge. 
B) Electrons are particles. 
C) Electrons behave like waves. 
D) Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E) all of the above

Question 20

Why isn't dirt listed in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

A) The periodic table lists only elements made of one kind of material. Dirt is a mixture of elements and compounds. 
B) Elements like dirt and air are so common that there is no need to list them in the periodic table. 
C) Dirt IS listed in the periodic table but is not easily recognized because it is listed as one of the rare earths with its old scientific name, dysprosium, symbol Dy. 
D) None of the above is true. 
A) The periodic table lists only elements made of one kind of material. Dirt is a mixture of elements and compounds. 
B) Elements like dirt and air are so common that there is no need to list them in the periodic table. 
C) Dirt IS listed in the periodic table but is not easily recognized because it is listed as one of the rare earths with its old scientific name, dysprosium, symbol Dy. 
D) None of the above is true.

Exam 12: Atoms and the Periodic Table

If two protons and two neutrons are removed from the nucleus of an oxygen atom, a nucleus of which element remains?

Which element would have chemical properties the most similar to chlorine (Cl)?

What do the components of a conceptual model have in common?

Should the periodic table be memorized? Why or why not?

What does the following element description actually mean? O

About how many elements do you have access to as a consumer of market goods.

Boron has primarily two isotopes, one with an atomic mass of 11 amu and another with an atomic mass of 10 amu. If the abundance of the boron atom with a mass of 11 amu is 18.9 percent and the abundance of the other isotope is 81.1 percent, what would be the average mass of the boron atom?

Which of the following statements best describes an element?

Which of the following elements are in the same period as magnesium (Mg)?

In some instances electromagnetic radiation behaves like a wave. In other instances electromagnetic radiation behaves more like a particle. Which behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation?

Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition, red or blue?

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have? U

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would

Which of the following is a metalloid?

A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue. The beam of neutrons, however, is less harmful. Why?

The element bromine, Br (atomic number 35), has two major isotopes of similar abundance, both around 50 percent. The atomic mass of bromine is reported in the periodic table as 79.904 atomic mass units. Choose the most likely set of mass numbers for these two bromine isotopes.

Which of the following best explains what is happening when an atom emits light?

If all the molecules of a body remained part of that body, would the body have any odor?

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

Why isn't dirt listed in the periodic table?

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Timereading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: the Nature of Science

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