Exam 19: Birds

The respiratory system of birds is structured in such a way that the lungs receive fresh air during both inspiration and expiration.

The major stimulus for spring migration in birds is increasing day length in late winter and early spring.

Most male birds have a retractable penis used to inseminate the female during copulation.

Predatory,land-soaring birds have wing types that are referred to as _____________ wings.

The _______________ of the bird receives products from the digestive,urinary,and reproductive systems.

In migration,birds use

Mature feathers are dead structures and must be replaced at regular intervals.

The most common type of mating system in birds is monogamy,in which the male mates with only one female during the mating season.

Birds are

Archaeopteryx had teeth set in sockets,whereas modern birds are completely toothless.

Some birds,like hummingbirds and ducks,can see in the ultraviolet spectrum.

Birds,like reptiles,excrete uric acid as the major nitrogenous waste.

The stomach of a bird is comprised of the enzyme-secreting proventriculus and the muscular ____________.

The flightless birds

An example of a bird with high-lift wings is

Most paleontologists agree that birds descended from a lineage of dinosaurs called ___________.

Birds which spend summers in North America tend to overwinter in South America;birds which summer in Europe tend to overwinter in _______________.

The nervous system contributes to the success of birds as flying animals because of

The __________,a group of small feathers on the first digit (or "thumb")of the bird's wing,functions to prevent stalling at low flight speeds.

Because the kidney of sea birds cannot concentrate salt in the urine,excess sodium chloride is removed by special ___________ located above the bird's eyes.