Question 1

Payment by salary or wage most closely approximates which schedule of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval 
A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval D

Question 2

According to Skinner,advertising is a method of social control through

Accepted Answer

A) operant conditioning. 
B) describing contingencies. 
C) manipulating deprivation. 
D) manipulating satiation. 
A) operant conditioning. 
B) describing contingencies. 
C) manipulating deprivation. 
D) manipulating satiation. B

Question 3

Regarding human thoughts and cognitions,Skinner believed that

Accepted Answer

A) they can be understood by applying the principles of operant and respondent conditioning. 
B) they are covert behaviors that take place within the skin. 
C) they cannot be changed by the contingencies of reinforcement. 
D) they do not exist. 
A) they can be understood by applying the principles of operant and respondent conditioning. 
B) they are covert behaviors that take place within the skin. 
C) they cannot be changed by the contingencies of reinforcement. 
D) they do not exist. B

Question 4

Unlike punishment,reinforcement

Accepted Answer

A) cannot derive from natural consequences. 
B) can derive from human intervention. 
C) gives information as to desired behavior. 
D) involves adding a negative stimuli or removing a positive stimuli. 
E) can be used to control behavior. 
A) cannot derive from natural consequences. 
B) can derive from human intervention. 
C) gives information as to desired behavior. 
D) involves adding a negative stimuli or removing a positive stimuli. 
E) can be used to control behavior.

Question 5

For humans,playing slot machines best illustrates the influence of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval 
A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval

Question 6

According to Skinner,the rate of operant extinction depends largely upon the

Accepted Answer

A) use of aversive stimuli. 
B) inhibition of respondent extinction. 
C) schedule of reinforcement. 
D) use of continuous punishment. 
A) use of aversive stimuli. 
B) inhibition of respondent extinction. 
C) schedule of reinforcement. 
D) use of continuous punishment.

Question 7

Skinner saw the psychotherapist as a

Accepted Answer

A) controlling agent. 
B) punitive authority figure. 
C) major source of knowledge about human behavior. 
D) necessary component of scientific psychology. 
E) medical specialist. 
A) controlling agent. 
B) punitive authority figure. 
C) major source of knowledge about human behavior. 
D) necessary component of scientific psychology. 
E) medical specialist.

Question 8

From the view of radical behaviorism,drives are

Accepted Answer

A) objective,observable causes of behavior. 
B) the result of natural selection. 
C) internal needs. 
D) explanatory fictions. 
A) objective,observable causes of behavior. 
B) the result of natural selection. 
C) internal needs. 
D) explanatory fictions.

Question 9

Operant conditioning is distinguished from classical conditioning primarily in that operant conditioning involves

Accepted Answer

A) the engagement of instincts. 
B) immediate reinforcement of a response. 
C) the pairing of a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus. 
D) elicited rather than emitted behavior. 
E) All these are correct. 
A) the engagement of instincts. 
B) immediate reinforcement of a response. 
C) the pairing of a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus. 
D) elicited rather than emitted behavior. 
E) All these are correct.

Question 10

Skinner saw creative behavior as being the result of

Accepted Answer

A) imagination. 
B) mutations. 
C) intelligence. 
D) sublimations. 
E) a creative power. 
A) imagination. 
B) mutations. 
C) intelligence. 
D) sublimations. 
E) a creative power.

Question 11

Skinner explained problem solving by

Accepted Answer

A) the reinforcement of covert responses. 
B) the existence of a storehouse of memory. 
C) the fact that humans have creative minds. 
D) cue-producing responses. 
E) innate drives. 
A) the reinforcement of covert responses. 
B) the existence of a storehouse of memory. 
C) the fact that humans have creative minds. 
D) cue-producing responses. 
E) innate drives.

Question 12

Research with Skinner's behavior management techniques has generally shown that

Accepted Answer

A) punishment tends to improve learning for people with high levels of anxiety. 
B) differences in temperament affect the ways that people respond to behavior management techniques. 
C) behavior management techniques change behavior only if people are motivated to change. 
D) behavior management techniques are typically less effective that hypnosis in treating drug addiction. 
A) punishment tends to improve learning for people with high levels of anxiety. 
B) differences in temperament affect the ways that people respond to behavior management techniques. 
C) behavior management techniques change behavior only if people are motivated to change. 
D) behavior management techniques are typically less effective that hypnosis in treating drug addiction.

Question 13

Concerning drives,Skinner said that they

Accepted Answer

A) are the sources of most human behaviors. 
B) have no subjective existence. 
C) can be either innate or learned. 
D) are responses to deprivation or satiation. 
A) are the sources of most human behaviors. 
B) have no subjective existence. 
C) can be either innate or learned. 
D) are responses to deprivation or satiation.

Question 14

Concerning emotions,Skinner believed all EXCEPT which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) A person's emotions are not directly observable to others. 
B) The physical concomitants of emotions can be measured. 
C) A majority of human behaviors are the result of emotions. 
D) Emotions are subjectively real to the personing them. 
E) Pleasant emotions tend to be reinforcing for an individual. 
A) A person's emotions are not directly observable to others. 
B) The physical concomitants of emotions can be measured. 
C) A majority of human behaviors are the result of emotions. 
D) Emotions are subjectively real to the personing them. 
E) Pleasant emotions tend to be reinforcing for an individual.

Question 15

For Skinner,an important distinction between classical conditioning and operant conditioning is that in classical conditioning behavior is _______,whereas in operant conditioning behavior is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) generalized; discriminated 
B) emitted; elicited 
C) extinguished; generalized 
D) recovered; discriminated 
E) elicited; emitted 
A) generalized; discriminated 
B) emitted; elicited 
C) extinguished; generalized 
D) recovered; discriminated 
E) elicited; emitted

Question 16

With what schedule of reinforcement is an organism reinforced for the first response following a designated period of time?

Accepted Answer

A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval 
E) variable-interval 
A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval 
E) variable-interval

Question 17

Skinner believed that the effects of punishment are

Accepted Answer

A) the same as the effects of reward. 
B) the exact opposite to those of reward. 
C) more predictable than those of reward. 
D) less predictable than those of reward. 
A) the same as the effects of reward. 
B) the exact opposite to those of reward. 
C) more predictable than those of reward. 
D) less predictable than those of reward.

Question 18

Skinner believed that some behavior is unconscious because the person does not think about the aversive stimuli connected with it.Not thinking about aversive stimuli is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) positive reinforcement. 
B) negative reinforcement. 
C) punishment. 
D) a reaction formation. 
A) positive reinforcement. 
B) negative reinforcement. 
C) punishment. 
D) a reaction formation.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a principal characteristic of science,according to Skinner?

Accepted Answer

A) Science explains behavior. 
B) Science values empirical observation. 
C) Science is cumulative. 
D) Science is a search for order and lawful relationships. 
A) Science explains behavior. 
B) Science values empirical observation. 
C) Science is cumulative. 
D) Science is a search for order and lawful relationships.

Question 20

According to Skinner,abused children may choose to remain with their parents because

Accepted Answer

A) one parent may be rewarding them while the other is abusive. 
B) they may lack the means of countercontrol. 
C) they may be receiving a powerful intermittent reward. 
D) Any or all of these reasons are correct. 
A) one parent may be rewarding them while the other is abusive. 
B) they may lack the means of countercontrol. 
C) they may be receiving a powerful intermittent reward. 
D) Any or all of these reasons are correct.

Payment by salary or wage most closely approximates which schedule of reinforcement?

According to Skinner,advertising is a method of social control through

Regarding human thoughts and cognitions,Skinner believed that

Unlike punishment,reinforcement

For humans,playing slot machines best illustrates the influence of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

According to Skinner,the rate of operant extinction depends largely upon the

Skinner saw the psychotherapist as a

From the view of radical behaviorism,drives are

Operant conditioning is distinguished from classical conditioning primarily in that operant conditioning involves

Skinner saw creative behavior as being the result of

Skinner explained problem solving by

Research with Skinner's behavior management techniques has generally shown that

Concerning drives,Skinner said that they

Concerning emotions,Skinner believed all EXCEPT which of the following?

For Skinner,an important distinction between classical conditioning and operant conditioning is that in classical conditioning behavior is _,whereas in operant conditioning behavior is __.

With what schedule of reinforcement is an organism reinforced for the first response following a designated period of time?

Skinner believed that the effects of punishment are

Skinner believed that some behavior is unconscious because the person does not think about the aversive stimuli connected with it.Not thinking about aversive stimuli is an example of

Which of the following is NOT a principal characteristic of science,according to Skinner?

According to Skinner,abused children may choose to remain with their parents because

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Kelly: Psychology of Personal Constructs

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Exam 16: Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Payment by salary or wage most closely approximates which schedule of reinforcement?

According to Skinner,advertising is a method of social control through

Regarding human thoughts and cognitions,Skinner believed that

Unlike punishment,reinforcement

For humans,playing slot machines best illustrates the influence of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

According to Skinner,the rate of operant extinction depends largely upon the

Skinner saw the psychotherapist as a

From the view of radical behaviorism,drives are

Operant conditioning is distinguished from classical conditioning primarily in that operant conditioning involves

Skinner saw creative behavior as being the result of

Skinner explained problem solving by

Research with Skinner's behavior management techniques has generally shown that

Concerning drives,Skinner said that they

Concerning emotions,Skinner believed all EXCEPT which of the following?

For Skinner,an important distinction between classical conditioning and operant conditioning is that in classical conditioning behavior is _______,whereas in operant conditioning behavior is ________.

With what schedule of reinforcement is an organism reinforced for the first response following a designated period of time?

Skinner believed that the effects of punishment are

Skinner believed that some behavior is unconscious because the person does not think about the aversive stimuli connected with it.Not thinking about aversive stimuli is an example of

Which of the following is NOT a principal characteristic of science,according to Skinner?

According to Skinner,abused children may choose to remain with their parents because

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Kelly: Psychology of Personal Constructs

Filters

For Skinner,an important distinction between classical conditioning and operant conditioning is that in classical conditioning behavior is _,whereas in operant conditioning behavior is __.