Question 1

A _________ is a classification of things according to their natural relationships while a _______ can both predict and explain behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) theory; taxonomy 
B) taxonomy; theory 
C) factor analysis; theory 
D) paradigm; hypothesis 
A) theory; taxonomy 
B) taxonomy; theory 
C) factor analysis; theory 
D) paradigm; hypothesis

Question 2

Although factor and trait theories are difficult to rate on several dimensions for a concept of humanity, they clearly rate very high on

Accepted Answer

A) the teleological dimension. 
B) the relative degrees of their pessimism. 
C) genetic factors and generating research. 
D) free will and guidance of practitioners. 
E) unconscious influences. 
A) the teleological dimension. 
B) the relative degrees of their pessimism. 
C) genetic factors and generating research. 
D) free will and guidance of practitioners. 
E) unconscious influences.

Question 3

Which is the correct order of levels of behavioral organization from the simplest to the most complex, according to Eysenck?

Accepted Answer

A) habitual response, specific acts/cognitions, traits, types 
B) types, traits, habitual responses, specific acts/cognitions 
C) habitual responses, traits, specific responses, types 
D) specific acts/cognitions, habitual responses, traits, types 
A) habitual response, specific acts/cognitions, traits, types 
B) types, traits, habitual responses, specific acts/cognitions 
C) habitual responses, traits, specific responses, types 
D) specific acts/cognitions, habitual responses, traits, types

Question 4

In Cattell's inductive method of research,

Accepted Answer

A) data come from hypotheses generated from clinical research. 
B) hypotheses guide the collection of relevant data. 
C) no preexisting biases determine the collection of data. 
D) hypotheses are generated before data are factor analyzed. 
A) data come from hypotheses generated from clinical research. 
B) hypotheses guide the collection of relevant data. 
C) no preexisting biases determine the collection of data. 
D) hypotheses are generated before data are factor analyzed.

Question 5

At present, most researchers who study personality traits favor the idea that _________ dominant traits emerge from the statistical techniques used to sift through volumes of test data.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 35 
C) 101 
D) 16 
A) 5 
B) 35 
C) 101 
D) 16

Question 6

Characteristic adaptations differ from culture to culture because

Accepted Answer

A) they fluctuate over time and context, unlike basic tendencies, which are stable and enduring. 
B) external influences such as acquired skills, habits, attitudes, and relationships from interaction with the environment are more likely to cause adaptation. 
C) Both of these are correct. 
D) Neither of these is correct. 
A) they fluctuate over time and context, unlike basic tendencies, which are stable and enduring. 
B) external influences such as acquired skills, habits, attitudes, and relationships from interaction with the environment are more likely to cause adaptation. 
C) Both of these are correct. 
D) Neither of these is correct.

Question 7

Elaborate on the five-factor model of trait personality theory.

Accepted Answer

The five-factor model is a result of an

Question 8

Cattell extracted more traits from his data than Eysenck.This is partially explained by Cattell's

Accepted Answer

A) orthogonal (method) rotation 
B) vast quantity of data collected. 
C) time frame for collection of data. 
D) types of subjects used to generate data. 
E) use of oblique (method) rotation. 
A) orthogonal (method) rotation 
B) vast quantity of data collected. 
C) time frame for collection of data. 
D) types of subjects used to generate data. 
E) use of oblique (method) rotation.

Question 9

______ is defined as "everything the person does, thinks or feels across the whole life span."

Accepted Answer

A) Self-concept 
B) Basic tendency 
C) Objective biography 
D) Personal narrative 
A) Self-concept 
B) Basic tendency 
C) Objective biography 
D) Personal narrative

Question 10

Eysenck believed that introverts are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) lower levels of cortical arousal. 
B) higher levels of cortical arousal. 
C) high sensory threshold. 
D) all of these. 
E) none of these. 
A) lower levels of cortical arousal. 
B) higher levels of cortical arousal. 
C) high sensory threshold. 
D) all of these. 
E) none of these.

Question 11

In general, research testing the Five-Factor model across cultures has revealed

Accepted Answer

A) that language differences make it too difficult to measure trait similarities. 
B) that trait factor approaches are best applied to Western cultures. 
C) translation problems with the tools used as insurmountable in research. 
D) that traits appear to be consistent in most countries of the world. 
A) that language differences make it too difficult to measure trait similarities. 
B) that trait factor approaches are best applied to Western cultures. 
C) translation problems with the tools used as insurmountable in research. 
D) that traits appear to be consistent in most countries of the world.

Question 12

Individuals who score high on ____________ tend to be anxious, temperamental, emotional and vulnerable to stress-related problems.

Accepted Answer

A) neuroticism 
B) psychoticism 
C) conscientiousness 
D) openness to experience 
A) neuroticism 
B) psychoticism 
C) conscientiousness 
D) openness to experience

Question 13

Like Eysenck's model, the Five-Factor model rates _______ as a trait that reflects an affectionate, active, fun-loving and passionate person.

Accepted Answer

A) neuroticism 
B) extraversion 
C) conscientiousness 
D) openness to experience 
A) neuroticism 
B) extraversion 
C) conscientiousness 
D) openness to experience

Question 14

According to Costa and McCrae, maladjustment occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) characteristic adaptations become too loose, relaxed, and/or disorganized. 
B) basic traits change over time in response to biological maturation. 
C) adaptive responses are inconsistent with personal goals or cultural values. 
D) all of these are true. 
A) characteristic adaptations become too loose, relaxed, and/or disorganized. 
B) basic traits change over time in response to biological maturation. 
C) adaptive responses are inconsistent with personal goals or cultural values. 
D) all of these are true.

Question 15

Most of Costa and McCrae's early research was focused on 3 main trait factors that included neuroticism, extraversion, and _________.

Accepted Answer

A) psychoticism 
B) introversion 
C) openness to experience 
D) social interest 
A) psychoticism 
B) introversion 
C) openness to experience 
D) social interest

Question 16

The trait ______ refers to people who are hard-working, self-disciplined, ambitious and organized.

Accepted Answer

A) conscientiousness 
B) extraversion 
C) agreeableness 
D) neuroticism 
A) conscientiousness 
B) extraversion 
C) agreeableness 
D) neuroticism

Question 17

According to Eysenck, high P scorers are

Accepted Answer

A) punctual and precise. 
B) caring and cooperative. 
C) social and agreeable. 
D) impulsive and hostile. 
A) punctual and precise. 
B) caring and cooperative. 
C) social and agreeable. 
D) impulsive and hostile.

Question 18

Costa and McCrae first solidified their long research collaboration as colleagues

Accepted Answer

A) at Columbia University under the direction of theorist Walter Mischel. 
B) at the National Institutes on Aging's Gerontology Research Center. 
C) and graduate students together at the University of Chicago. 
D) under the direction of Raymond Cattell. 
A) at Columbia University under the direction of theorist Walter Mischel. 
B) at the National Institutes on Aging's Gerontology Research Center. 
C) and graduate students together at the University of Chicago. 
D) under the direction of Raymond Cattell.

Question 19

Eysenck claimed that extraverted types are characterized by all the following traits EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) sociable. 
B) impulsive. 
C) lively. 
D) playful. 
E) thoughtful. 
A) sociable. 
B) impulsive. 
C) lively. 
D) playful. 
E) thoughtful.

Question 20

summarize their trait model using a schematic drawing whereby peripheral components, comprised of causal, secondary influences on personality, are represented as

Accepted Answer

A) ellipses. 
B) rectangles. 
C) interconnecting lines. 
D) None of these is correct. 
A) ellipses. 
B) rectangles. 
C) interconnecting lines. 
D) None of these is correct.

A ___ is a classification of things according to their natural relationships while a _ can both predict and explain behavior.

Although factor and trait theories are difficult to rate on several dimensions for a concept of humanity, they clearly rate very high on

Which is the correct order of levels of behavioral organization from the simplest to the most complex, according to Eysenck?

In Cattell's inductive method of research,

At present, most researchers who study personality traits favor the idea that _________ dominant traits emerge from the statistical techniques used to sift through volumes of test data.

Characteristic adaptations differ from culture to culture because

Elaborate on the five-factor model of trait personality theory.

Cattell extracted more traits from his data than Eysenck.This is partially explained by Cattell's

______ is defined as "everything the person does, thinks or feels across the whole life span."

Eysenck believed that introverts are characterized by

In general, research testing the Five-Factor model across cultures has revealed

Individuals who score high on ____________ tend to be anxious, temperamental, emotional and vulnerable to stress-related problems.

Like Eysenck's model, the Five-Factor model rates _______ as a trait that reflects an affectionate, active, fun-loving and passionate person.

According to Costa and McCrae, maladjustment occurs when

Most of Costa and McCrae's early research was focused on 3 main trait factors that included neuroticism, extraversion, and _________.

The trait ______ refers to people who are hard-working, self-disciplined, ambitious and organized.

According to Eysenck, high P scorers are

Costa and McCrae first solidified their long research collaboration as colleagues

Eysenck claimed that extraverted types are characterized by all the following traits EXCEPT

summarize their trait model using a schematic drawing whereby peripheral components, comprised of causal, secondary influences on personality, are represented as

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Filters

Exam 14: Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

A _________ is a classification of things according to their natural relationships while a _______ can both predict and explain behavior.

Although factor and trait theories are difficult to rate on several dimensions for a concept of humanity, they clearly rate very high on

Which is the correct order of levels of behavioral organization from the simplest to the most complex, according to Eysenck?

In Cattell's inductive method of research,

At present, most researchers who study personality traits favor the idea that _________ dominant traits emerge from the statistical techniques used to sift through volumes of test data.

Characteristic adaptations differ from culture to culture because

Elaborate on the five-factor model of trait personality theory.

Cattell extracted more traits from his data than Eysenck.This is partially explained by Cattell's

______ is defined as "everything the person does, thinks or feels across the whole life span."

Eysenck believed that introverts are characterized by

In general, research testing the Five-Factor model across cultures has revealed

Individuals who score high on ____________ tend to be anxious, temperamental, emotional and vulnerable to stress-related problems.

Like Eysenck's model, the Five-Factor model rates _______ as a trait that reflects an affectionate, active, fun-loving and passionate person.

According to Costa and McCrae, maladjustment occurs when

Most of Costa and McCrae's early research was focused on 3 main trait factors that included neuroticism, extraversion, and _________.

The trait ______ refers to people who are hard-working, self-disciplined, ambitious and organized.

According to Eysenck, high P scorers are

Costa and McCrae first solidified their long research collaboration as colleagues

Eysenck claimed that extraverted types are characterized by all the following traits EXCEPT

summarize their trait model using a schematic drawing whereby peripheral components, comprised of causal, secondary influences on personality, are represented as

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Filters

A ___ is a classification of things according to their natural relationships while a _ can both predict and explain behavior.