Question 1

As a young man, Skinner wanted to become a

Accepted Answer

A) physician. 
B) lawyer. 
C) psychologist. 
D) writer. 
A) physician. 
B) lawyer. 
C) psychologist. 
D) writer.

Question 2

With what schedule of reinforcement is an organism reinforced for the first response following a designated period of time?

Accepted Answer

A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval 
E) variable-interval 
A) continuous 
B) fixed-ratio 
C) variable-ratio 
D) fixed-interval 
E) variable-interval

Question 3

When operant conditioning is used to shape complex behavior such as playing a piano, reinforcement is applied

Accepted Answer

A) through successive approximations. 
B) by the process of punishment. 
C) through an intermediary agent. 
D) by waiting for the target behavior to appear, then rewarding it. 
A) through successive approximations. 
B) by the process of punishment. 
C) through an intermediary agent. 
D) by waiting for the target behavior to appear, then rewarding it.

Question 4

Payment by piece rate (for example, paying a bricklayer a set amount for each brick laid) most closely approximates which schedule of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-interval 
B) variable-interval 
C) fixed-ratio 
D) variable-ratio 
A) fixed-interval 
B) variable-interval 
C) fixed-ratio 
D) variable-ratio

Question 5

What Freud saw as unconsciously motivated defense mechanisms, Skinner viewed as

Accepted Answer

A) consciously motivated defense mechanisms. 
B) attempts to protect the self-concept against anxiety. 
C) behaviors shaped by environmental contingencies. 
D) unsuccessful attempts to defend the ego against guilt. 
A) consciously motivated defense mechanisms. 
B) attempts to protect the self-concept against anxiety. 
C) behaviors shaped by environmental contingencies. 
D) unsuccessful attempts to defend the ego against guilt.

Question 6

According to Skinner, human behavior is shaped by

Accepted Answer

A) drives which have been learned. 
B) living in society. 
C) the contingencies of survival. 
D) reproduction. 
E) unintentional injuries. 
A) drives which have been learned. 
B) living in society. 
C) the contingencies of survival. 
D) reproduction. 
E) unintentional injuries.

Question 7

With reference to inner states such as thoughts and drives, Skinner said that they

Accepted Answer

A) are fictional constructs with no real existence. 
B) exist, but should not be used to explain behavior. 
C) are the foundations for explanations of behavior. 
D) motivate, but do not explain, behavior. 
A) are fictional constructs with no real existence. 
B) exist, but should not be used to explain behavior. 
C) are the foundations for explanations of behavior. 
D) motivate, but do not explain, behavior.

Question 8

Research with Skinner's behavior management techniques has generally shown that

Accepted Answer

A) punishment tends to improve learning for people with high levels of anxiety. 
B) differences in temperament affect the ways that people respond to behavior management techniques. 
C) behavior management techniques change behavior only if people are motivated to change. 
D) behavior management techniques are typically less effective that hypnosis in treating drug addiction. 
A) punishment tends to improve learning for people with high levels of anxiety. 
B) differences in temperament affect the ways that people respond to behavior management techniques. 
C) behavior management techniques change behavior only if people are motivated to change. 
D) behavior management techniques are typically less effective that hypnosis in treating drug addiction.

Question 9

Skinner believed that self-control depends ultimately upon

Accepted Answer

A) will power. 
B) punishment. 
C) use of physical restraints. 
D) environmental variables. 
E) aversive stimuli. 
A) will power. 
B) punishment. 
C) use of physical restraints. 
D) environmental variables. 
E) aversive stimuli.

Question 10

The label that best fits Skinner's work is

Accepted Answer

A) social learning theory. 
B) humanistic theory. 
C) radical behaviorism. 
D) interpersonal theory. 
A) social learning theory. 
B) humanistic theory. 
C) radical behaviorism. 
D) interpersonal theory.

Question 11

A response to a similar environment in the absence of previous reinforcement was Skinner's definition of

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus generalization. 
B) stimulus control. 
C) stimulus discrimination. 
D) shaping. 
A) stimulus generalization. 
B) stimulus control. 
C) stimulus discrimination. 
D) shaping.

Question 12

John Watson argued that

Accepted Answer

A) the goal of psychology should be the prediction and control of behavior. 
B) psychologists should be primarily concerned with why people act as they do. 
C) psychology should be limited to the study of consciousness. 
D) psychology is not and cannot be a science. 
A) the goal of psychology should be the prediction and control of behavior. 
B) psychologists should be primarily concerned with why people act as they do. 
C) psychology should be limited to the study of consciousness. 
D) psychology is not and cannot be a science.

Question 13

Skinner's scientific behaviorism assumes that

Accepted Answer

A) the study of human behavior must be based on methods that are quite different from those of other natural sciences. 
B) the motives of the subjects being observed must be given special consideration. 
C) human behavior is subject to the laws of science. 
D) human behavior cannot be studied scientifically. 
A) the study of human behavior must be based on methods that are quite different from those of other natural sciences. 
B) the motives of the subjects being observed must be given special consideration. 
C) human behavior is subject to the laws of science. 
D) human behavior cannot be studied scientifically.

Question 14

Skinner defines negative reinforcement as any condition that,

Accepted Answer

A) when removed from a situation, increases the probability that a given behavior will occur. 
B) when added to a situation, increases the probability that a given behavior will occur. 
C) when removed from a situation, decreases the probability that a given behavior will occur. 
D) when added to a situation, decreases the probability that a given behavior will occur. 
A) when removed from a situation, increases the probability that a given behavior will occur. 
B) when added to a situation, increases the probability that a given behavior will occur. 
C) when removed from a situation, decreases the probability that a given behavior will occur. 
D) when added to a situation, decreases the probability that a given behavior will occur.

Question 15

According to Skinner, a clear example of a conditioned reinforcer would be

Accepted Answer

A) sex. 
B) physical comfort. 
C) food. 
D) money. 
E) sleep. 
A) sex. 
B) physical comfort. 
C) food. 
D) money. 
E) sleep.

Question 16

In his philosophy of science, Skinner

Accepted Answer

A) began with complex organisms and then deduced specific principles. 
B) held that science must be able to explain the causes of natural phenomena. 
C) attempted to predict behavior, but neither to explain it nor to control it. 
D) wanted to know how behavior can be described, predicted, and controlled. 
E) held behavior to be neither lawful nor determined. 
A) began with complex organisms and then deduced specific principles. 
B) held that science must be able to explain the causes of natural phenomena. 
C) attempted to predict behavior, but neither to explain it nor to control it. 
D) wanted to know how behavior can be described, predicted, and controlled. 
E) held behavior to be neither lawful nor determined.

Question 17

Skinner's view of humanity can best be termed as

Accepted Answer

A) humanistic. 
B) teleological. 
C) pessimistic. 
D) deterministic. 
A) humanistic. 
B) teleological. 
C) pessimistic. 
D) deterministic.

Question 18

Which of these, according to Skinner, would be a means of self-control?

Accepted Answer

A) physical restraint 
B) physical aids 
C) satiation 
D) deprivation 
E) All of these. 
A) physical restraint 
B) physical aids 
C) satiation 
D) deprivation 
E) All of these.

Question 19

Skinner believed that the effects of punishment are

Accepted Answer

A) the same as the effects of reward. 
B) the exact opposite to those of reward. 
C) more predictable than those of reward. 
D) less predictable than those of reward. 
A) the same as the effects of reward. 
B) the exact opposite to those of reward. 
C) more predictable than those of reward. 
D) less predictable than those of reward.

Question 20

Which term is LEAST descriptive of B.F.Skinner?

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic 
B) determinist 
C) environmentalist 
D) radical behaviorist 
A) psychodynamic 
B) determinist 
C) environmentalist 
D) radical behaviorist

As a young man, Skinner wanted to become a

With what schedule of reinforcement is an organism reinforced for the first response following a designated period of time?

When operant conditioning is used to shape complex behavior such as playing a piano, reinforcement is applied

Payment by piece rate (for example, paying a bricklayer a set amount for each brick laid) most closely approximates which schedule of reinforcement?

What Freud saw as unconsciously motivated defense mechanisms, Skinner viewed as

According to Skinner, human behavior is shaped by

With reference to inner states such as thoughts and drives, Skinner said that they

Research with Skinner's behavior management techniques has generally shown that

Skinner believed that self-control depends ultimately upon

The label that best fits Skinner's work is

A response to a similar environment in the absence of previous reinforcement was Skinner's definition of

John Watson argued that

Skinner's scientific behaviorism assumes that

Skinner defines negative reinforcement as any condition that,

According to Skinner, a clear example of a conditioned reinforcer would be

In his philosophy of science, Skinner

Skinner's view of humanity can best be termed as

Which of these, according to Skinner, would be a means of self-control?

Skinner believed that the effects of punishment are

Which term is LEAST descriptive of B.F.Skinner?

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Filters

Exam 15: Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality

As a young man, Skinner wanted to become a

With what schedule of reinforcement is an organism reinforced for the first response following a designated period of time?

When operant conditioning is used to shape complex behavior such as playing a piano, reinforcement is applied

Payment by piece rate (for example, paying a bricklayer a set amount for each brick laid) most closely approximates which schedule of reinforcement?

What Freud saw as unconsciously motivated defense mechanisms, Skinner viewed as

According to Skinner, human behavior is shaped by

With reference to inner states such as thoughts and drives, Skinner said that they

Research with Skinner's behavior management techniques has generally shown that

Skinner believed that self-control depends ultimately upon

The label that best fits Skinner's work is

A response to a similar environment in the absence of previous reinforcement was Skinner's definition of

John Watson argued that

Skinner's scientific behaviorism assumes that

Skinner defines negative reinforcement as any condition that,

According to Skinner, a clear example of a conditioned reinforcer would be

In his philosophy of science, Skinner

Skinner's view of humanity can best be termed as

Which of these, according to Skinner, would be a means of self-control?

Skinner believed that the effects of punishment are

Which term is LEAST descriptive of B.F.Skinner?

Introduction to Personality Theory

Freud: Psychoanalysis

Adler: Individual Psychology

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Klein: Object Relations Theory

Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory

Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory

Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis

Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

May: Existential Psychology

Allport: Psychology of the Individual

Mccrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory

Eysencks Biologically Based Factor Theory

Skinner: Behavioral Analysis

Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Filters