Question 1

What is the relationship between PTSD and size of the hippocampus?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTSD causes a decrease in the number of neurons in the hippocampus. 
B)  PTSD causes a decrease in the size of neurons in the hippocampus. 
C)  People with a smaller than average hippocampus are more likely than others to develop PTSD. 
D)  People with a larger than average hippocampus are more likely than others to develop PTSD. 
A)  PTSD causes a decrease in the number of neurons in the hippocampus. 
B)  PTSD causes a decrease in the size of neurons in the hippocampus. 
C)  People with a smaller than average hippocampus are more likely than others to develop PTSD. 
D)  People with a larger than average hippocampus are more likely than others to develop PTSD.

Question 2

Under what circumstances do the criminal behaviors of monozygotic twins resemble each other more than dizygotic twins?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the monozygotic twins have been raised apart 
B)  when the dizygotic twins have been raised together 
C)  in adulthood 
D)  in childhood 
A)  when the monozygotic twins have been raised apart 
B)  when the dizygotic twins have been raised together 
C)  in adulthood 
D)  in childhood

Question 3

To measure fear or anxiety in both humans and nonhumans, researchers measure variations in an individual's:

Accepted Answer

A)  rate of eyelid blinking. 
B)  attention to a flickering light. 
C)  salivary reflex. 
D)  startle reflex. 
A)  rate of eyelid blinking. 
B)  attention to a flickering light. 
C)  salivary reflex. 
D)  startle reflex.

Question 4

Which of the following is characterized by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)  locked-in syndrome 
B)  pure autonomic failure 
C)  panic attack 
D)  prosopagnosia 
A)  locked-in syndrome 
B)  pure autonomic failure 
C)  panic attack 
D)  prosopagnosia

Question 5

The ____ receives axons from the amygdala and sends axons to the pons to control the startle response.

Accepted Answer

A)  midbrain 
B)  caudate nucleus 
C)  cingulate gyrus 
D)  pineal gland 
A)  midbrain 
B)  caudate nucleus 
C)  cingulate gyrus 
D)  pineal gland

Question 6

After damage to the amygdala, what happens to a rat's startle reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rat shows no startle reflex. 
B)  The rat's startle reflex does not vary from one situation to another. 
C)  The rat shows an exaggerated startle reflex. 
D)  The rat shows a startle reflex only when in the presence of danger signals. 
A)  The rat shows no startle reflex. 
B)  The rat's startle reflex does not vary from one situation to another. 
C)  The rat shows an exaggerated startle reflex. 
D)  The rat shows a startle reflex only when in the presence of danger signals.

Question 7

Directly stimulating the ____ of a hamster results in priming it to attack, even without the previous experience of fighting.

Accepted Answer

A)  corticomedial amygdala. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  temporal lobe. 
D)  occipital lobe. 
A)  corticomedial amygdala. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  temporal lobe. 
D)  occipital lobe.

Question 8

A person with a history of depression would most likely react to a diet low in tryptophan by becoming:

Accepted Answer

A)  susceptible to a drug craving. 
B)  angry. 
C)  depressed. 
D)  violent. 
A)  susceptible to a drug craving. 
B)  angry. 
C)  depressed. 
D)  violent.

Question 9

Which of the following is characterized by extreme physiological arousal?

Accepted Answer

A)  locked-in syndrome 
B)  pure autonomic failure 
C)  panic attack 
D)  prosopagnosia 
A)  locked-in syndrome 
B)  pure autonomic failure 
C)  panic attack 
D)  prosopagnosia

Question 10

Across studies involving amygdala damage, the general conclusion seems to be that the amygdala is important for:

Accepted Answer

A)  focusing attention on emotional stimuli. 
B)  only the expression of emotion. 
C)  only the interpretation of emotion. 
D)  the normal startle response. 
A)  focusing attention on emotional stimuli. 
B)  only the expression of emotion. 
C)  only the interpretation of emotion. 
D)  the normal startle response.

Question 11

Benzodiazepines bind to the GABAC receptor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Alcohol decreases anxiety by:

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex. 
B)  inhibiting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex. 
C)  promoting sodium flow at serotonin synapses. 
D)  inhibiting sodium flow at serotonin synapses. 
A)  promoting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex. 
B)  inhibiting chloride flow at the GABA-A receptor complex. 
C)  promoting sodium flow at serotonin synapses. 
D)  inhibiting sodium flow at serotonin synapses.

Question 13

Individuals with pure autonomic failure:

Accepted Answer

A)  experience no emotion at all. 
B)  have diminished intensity of emotion, but still report cognitive aspects of it. 
C)  die from low blood pressure. 
D)  lose all output to the muscles. 
A)  experience no emotion at all. 
B)  have diminished intensity of emotion, but still report cognitive aspects of it. 
C)  die from low blood pressure. 
D)  lose all output to the muscles.

Question 14

Among identical twins, if one of them has PTSD, then the other is also likely to have a:

Accepted Answer

A)  small hippocampus. 
B)  large hippocampus. 
C)  large adrenal gland. 
D)  small adrenal gland. 
A)  small hippocampus. 
B)  large hippocampus. 
C)  large adrenal gland. 
D)  small adrenal gland.

Question 15

According to research, the human amygdala responds most strongly when people are looking at:

Accepted Answer

A)  scenes that depict or imply movement. 
B)  emotional expressions. 
C)  familiar, recognizable faces. 
D)  pictures than can be interpreted in more than one way. 
A)  scenes that depict or imply movement. 
B)  emotional expressions. 
C)  familiar, recognizable faces. 
D)  pictures than can be interpreted in more than one way.

Question 16

People with amygdala damage have trouble identifying fear expressions. How could we improve their ability to recognize fear?

Accepted Answer

A)  Give drugs that suppress serotonin synapses. 
B)  Change where they focus their eyes. 
C)  Test at a different time of day. 
D)  Display the expressions in black and white photos. 
A)  Give drugs that suppress serotonin synapses. 
B)  Change where they focus their eyes. 
C)  Test at a different time of day. 
D)  Display the expressions in black and white photos.

Question 17

The precursor for the synthesis of serotonin is:

Accepted Answer

A)  tryptophan. 
B)  phenylalanine. 
C)  monoamine. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
A)  tryptophan. 
B)  phenylalanine. 
C)  monoamine. 
D)  norepinephrine.

Question 18

Not all children who are abused become violently aggressive in adolescence or adulthood. Of the following, which has been demonstrated to influence violence by these people?

Accepted Answer

A)  genes regulating testosterone receptors 
B)  genes regulating the suprachiasmatic nucleus 
C)  genes regulating secretion of aldosterone 
D)  genes regulating monoamine oxidase 
A)  genes regulating testosterone receptors 
B)  genes regulating the suprachiasmatic nucleus 
C)  genes regulating secretion of aldosterone 
D)  genes regulating monoamine oxidase

Question 19

An experimental drug, Ro15-4513, has been shown to block the behavioral effects of:

Accepted Answer

A)  tricyclics. 
B)  amphetamines. 
C)  alcohol. 
D)  endozepines. 
A)  tricyclics. 
B)  amphetamines. 
C)  alcohol. 
D)  endozepines.

Question 20

Which of the following systems is most likely to be active when moderate physiological arousal occurs while approaching a member of the opposite sex?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioral Inhibition System 
B)  Behavioral Activation System 
C)  Behavioral Attenuation System 
D)  Behavioral Attraction System 
A)  Behavioral Inhibition System 
B)  Behavioral Activation System 
C)  Behavioral Attenuation System 
D)  Behavioral Attraction System

What is the relationship between PTSD and size of the hippocampus?

Under what circumstances do the criminal behaviors of monozygotic twins resemble each other more than dizygotic twins?

To measure fear or anxiety in both humans and nonhumans, researchers measure variations in an individual's:

Which of the following is characterized by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal?

The ____ receives axons from the amygdala and sends axons to the pons to control the startle response.

After damage to the amygdala, what happens to a rat's startle reflex?

Directly stimulating the ____ of a hamster results in priming it to attack, even without the previous experience of fighting.

A person with a history of depression would most likely react to a diet low in tryptophan by becoming:

Which of the following is characterized by extreme physiological arousal?

Across studies involving amygdala damage, the general conclusion seems to be that the amygdala is important for:

Benzodiazepines bind to the GABAC receptor.

Alcohol decreases anxiety by:

Individuals with pure autonomic failure:

Among identical twins, if one of them has PTSD, then the other is also likely to have a:

According to research, the human amygdala responds most strongly when people are looking at:

People with amygdala damage have trouble identifying fear expressions. How could we improve their ability to recognize fear?

The precursor for the synthesis of serotonin is:

Not all children who are abused become violently aggressive in adolescence or adulthood. Of the following, which has been demonstrated to influence violence by these people?

An experimental drug, Ro15-4513, has been shown to block the behavioral effects of:

Which of the following systems is most likely to be active when moderate physiological arousal occurs while approaching a member of the opposite sex?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Exam 12: Emotional Behaviors

What is the relationship between PTSD and size of the hippocampus?

Under what circumstances do the criminal behaviors of monozygotic twins resemble each other more than dizygotic twins?

To measure fear or anxiety in both humans and nonhumans, researchers measure variations in an individual's:

Which of the following is characterized by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal?

The ____ receives axons from the amygdala and sends axons to the pons to control the startle response.

After damage to the amygdala, what happens to a rat's startle reflex?

Directly stimulating the ____ of a hamster results in priming it to attack, even without the previous experience of fighting.

A person with a history of depression would most likely react to a diet low in tryptophan by becoming:

Which of the following is characterized by extreme physiological arousal?

Across studies involving amygdala damage, the general conclusion seems to be that the amygdala is important for:

Benzodiazepines bind to the GABAC receptor.

Alcohol decreases anxiety by:

Individuals with pure autonomic failure:

Among identical twins, if one of them has PTSD, then the other is also likely to have a:

According to research, the human amygdala responds most strongly when people are looking at:

People with amygdala damage have trouble identifying fear expressions. How could we improve their ability to recognize fear?

The precursor for the synthesis of serotonin is:

Not all children who are abused become violently aggressive in adolescence or adulthood. Of the following, which has been demonstrated to influence violence by these people?

An experimental drug, Ro15-4513, has been shown to block the behavioral effects of:

Which of the following systems is most likely to be active when moderate physiological arousal occurs while approaching a member of the opposite sex?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters