Question 1

According to the text,groupthink symptoms can be viewed as a form of dissonance reduction as group members

Accepted Answer

A)  try to maintain their positive group feelings. 
B)  try to persuade other group members of their opinions. 
C)  underestimate their group's might. 
D)  discuss their group's vulnerability. 
A)  try to maintain their positive group feelings. 
B)  try to persuade other group members of their opinions. 
C)  underestimate their group's might. 
D)  discuss their group's vulnerability.

Question 2

Describe how normative and informational influence processes can help us understand group polarization.

Accepted Answer

Normative and informational influence pr

Question 3

A false impression of what other people are thinking,feeling or responding is what social psychologists call

Accepted Answer

A)  an imaginary audience. 
B)  social comparison. 
C)  pluralistic ignorance. 
D)  groupthink. 
A)  an imaginary audience. 
B)  social comparison. 
C)  pluralistic ignorance. 
D)  groupthink.

Question 4

Social comparison is more likely to sway responses on

Accepted Answer

A)  issues that have a factual element. 
B)  moderate, rather than severe, issues. 
C)  value-laden judgments. 
D)  complex, rather than simple issues. 
A)  issues that have a factual element. 
B)  moderate, rather than severe, issues. 
C)  value-laden judgments. 
D)  complex, rather than simple issues.

Question 5

Which of the following comments is most likely to be made in a group characterized by groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  "We have been in agreement on matters in the past and I hope that will continue." 
B)  "Joe, why don't you play devil's advocate and challenge the course of action most of us seem to prefer?" 
C)  "I think we need some outsiders to come in and critique our decision before we proceed." 
D)  "We have made some stupid mistakes in the past. Let's work carefully to not make the same errors again." 
A)  "We have been in agreement on matters in the past and I hope that will continue." 
B)  "Joe, why don't you play devil's advocate and challenge the course of action most of us seem to prefer?" 
C)  "I think we need some outsiders to come in and critique our decision before we proceed." 
D)  "We have made some stupid mistakes in the past. Let's work carefully to not make the same errors again."

Question 6

Describe the ways to prevent groupthink.

Accepted Answer

Groupthink can be prevented by implement

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a prescriptive strategy to prevent groupthink from developing?

Accepted Answer

A)  One or more members should be assigned the position of devil's advocate. 
B)  Group members should be kept together as one unit and not divided into separate discussion subgroups. 
C)  Outsiders should attend the meetings and challenge the group's views. 
D)  After reaching a preliminary decision, the group should call a second-chance meeting and ask each member to express remaining doubts. 
A)  One or more members should be assigned the position of devil's advocate. 
B)  Group members should be kept together as one unit and not divided into separate discussion subgroups. 
C)  Outsiders should attend the meetings and challenge the group's views. 
D)  After reaching a preliminary decision, the group should call a second-chance meeting and ask each member to express remaining doubts.

Question 8

Maggie favors the death penalty.In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates,she hears arguments for this position that she has never considered before.After the discussion,her opinion is more extreme.This outcome is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influence processes. 
B)  normative influence processes. 
C)  the reactance theory. 
D)  the social comparison theory. 
A)  informational influence processes. 
B)  normative influence processes. 
C)  the reactance theory. 
D)  the social comparison theory.

Question 9

,it is human nature to want to evaluate our opinions by

Accepted Answer

A)  comparing ourselves with others. 
B)  designing everyday tests of validity. 
C)  engaging in frequent introspection. 
D)  actively studying the results of scientific research. 
A)  comparing ourselves with others. 
B)  designing everyday tests of validity. 
C)  engaging in frequent introspection. 
D)  actively studying the results of scientific research.

Question 10

Which one of the following is NOT an explanation for group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influence 
B)  normative influence 
C)  social facilitation 
D)  desire to be accepted 
A)  informational influence 
B)  normative influence 
C)  social facilitation 
D)  desire to be accepted

Question 11

Individuals who believe that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after the discussion the individuals will be

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to question the wisdom of legalizing physician-assisted suicides. 
B)  even more convinced that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
C)  sharply divided over whether physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
D)  opposed to the legalization of physician-assisted suicides. 
A)  more likely to question the wisdom of legalizing physician-assisted suicides. 
B)  even more convinced that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
C)  sharply divided over whether physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
D)  opposed to the legalization of physician-assisted suicides.

Question 12

Which two symptoms of groupthink lead group members to overestimate their group's right and might?

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalization and conformity pressure 
B)  rationalization and a stereotyped view of the opponent 
C)  an illusion of invulnerability and self-censorship 
D)  an illusion of invulnerability and an unquestioned belief in the group's morality 
A)  rationalization and conformity pressure 
B)  rationalization and a stereotyped view of the opponent 
C)  an illusion of invulnerability and self-censorship 
D)  an illusion of invulnerability and an unquestioned belief in the group's morality

Question 13

Students who join extracurricular groups on campus tend to find their attitudes regarding the groups' purpose increase if they stay in the group.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  group polarization. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  group polarization.

Question 14

Group polarization occurs when group discussion _______ group members' initial inclinations.

Accepted Answer

A)  challenges 
B)  reverses 
C)  neutralizes 
D)  strengthens 
A)  challenges 
B)  reverses 
C)  neutralizes 
D)  strengthens

Question 15

According to social comparison theory,we are most persuaded by

Accepted Answer

A)  experts. 
B)  people in our reference group. 
C)  people who hold opinions which are different than ours. 
D)  leaders. 
A)  experts. 
B)  people in our reference group. 
C)  people who hold opinions which are different than ours. 
D)  leaders.

Question 16

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influences and normative influences 
B)  minority influences and social facilitation 
C)  psychological reactance and deindividuation 
D)  social comparison and self-censorship 
A)  informational influences and normative influences 
B)  minority influences and social facilitation 
C)  psychological reactance and deindividuation 
D)  social comparison and self-censorship

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of group polarization in one's community?

Accepted Answer

A)  gang delinquency 
B)  cheering wildly at a football game 
C)  an isolated, troubled teenager being aggressive towards his classmates 
D)  a looting mob 
A)  gang delinquency 
B)  cheering wildly at a football game 
C)  an isolated, troubled teenager being aggressive towards his classmates 
D)  a looting mob

Question 18

You are hesitant to ask questions in class because you assume everyone else understands and you would therefore seem foolish.Your thinking best exemplifies

Accepted Answer

A)  groupthink. 
B)  pluralistic ignorance. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  self-handicapping. 
A)  groupthink. 
B)  pluralistic ignorance. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  self-handicapping.

Exam 20: How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

According to the text,groupthink symptoms can be viewed as a form of dissonance reduction as group members

Describe how normative and informational influence processes can help us understand group polarization.

A false impression of what other people are thinking,feeling or responding is what social psychologists call

Social comparison is more likely to sway responses on

Which of the following comments is most likely to be made in a group characterized by groupthink?

Describe the ways to prevent groupthink.

Which of the following is NOT a prescriptive strategy to prevent groupthink from developing?

Maggie favors the death penalty.In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates,she hears arguments for this position that she has never considered before.After the discussion,her opinion is more extreme.This outcome is best explained by

,it is human nature to want to evaluate our opinions by

Which one of the following is NOT an explanation for group polarization?

Individuals who believe that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after the discussion the individuals will be

Which two symptoms of groupthink lead group members to overestimate their group's right and might?

Students who join extracurricular groups on campus tend to find their attitudes regarding the groups' purpose increase if they stay in the group.This is an example of

Group polarization occurs when group discussion _______ group members' initial inclinations.

According to social comparison theory,we are most persuaded by

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Which of the following is an example of group polarization in one's community?

You are hesitant to ask questions in class because you assume everyone else understands and you would therefore seem foolish.Your thinking best exemplifies

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept: Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

The Power of Positive Thinking

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Clinical Therapy: The Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender, Genes, and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Indoctrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Do the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

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