Question 1

According to Janis,groupthink grows from all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the group's isolation from dissenting viewpoints. 
B)  having an amiable, cohesive group. 
C)  being assigned an additive task with a transformational leader. 
D)  having a directive leader who signals what decisions he/she favors. 
A)  the group's isolation from dissenting viewpoints. 
B)  having an amiable, cohesive group. 
C)  being assigned an additive task with a transformational leader. 
D)  having a directive leader who signals what decisions he/she favors. C

Question 2

Which of the following is a comment you are LEAST likely to hear being made within a group characterized by groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Our critics are not very smart." 
B)  "Our past decisions have always been right." 
C)  "Let's weigh all the alternatives carefully before we proceed." 
D)  "It seems to me we are all in agreement on this, so let's proceed." 
A)  "Our critics are not very smart." 
B)  "Our past decisions have always been right." 
C)  "Let's weigh all the alternatives carefully before we proceed." 
D)  "It seems to me we are all in agreement on this, so let's proceed." C

Question 3

The illusion of unanimity in a group is one aspect of

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  rationalization. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  rationalization. C

Question 4

suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terror organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?

Accepted Answer

A)  group polarization 
B)  pluralistic ignorance 
C)  social loafing 
D)  social facilitation 
A)  group polarization 
B)  pluralistic ignorance 
C)  social loafing 
D)  social facilitation

Question 5

Julio is a directive leader of a highly cohesive student group on campus.When discussing important policy decisions,the group will be at greatest risk for groupthink if it is also

Accepted Answer

A)  isolated from dissenting viewpoints. 
B)  composed of majority and minority students. 
C)  well-informed regarding both sides of the issue. 
D)  aware of the dangers of making wrong decisions. 
A)  isolated from dissenting viewpoints. 
B)  composed of majority and minority students. 
C)  well-informed regarding both sides of the issue. 
D)  aware of the dangers of making wrong decisions.

Question 6

Groupthink can be defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  a tendency to suppress dissent in the interests of group harmony. 
B)  a tendency to sacrifice group cohesiveness in favor of task orientation and problem focus. 
C)  enhancement of problem-solving capacity as a result of several persons joining together to work on the same problem. 
D)  reduced self-awareness as a result of group immersion and social anonymity. 
A)  a tendency to suppress dissent in the interests of group harmony. 
B)  a tendency to sacrifice group cohesiveness in favor of task orientation and problem focus. 
C)  enhancement of problem-solving capacity as a result of several persons joining together to work on the same problem. 
D)  reduced self-awareness as a result of group immersion and social anonymity.

Question 7

organized groups of prejudiced and nonprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues involving racial attitudes,both before and after group discussion.Results showed that after within-group discussion,_______ became _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  all students; more prejudiced 
B)  all students; less prejudiced 
C)  between-group differences; smaller 
D)  between-group differences; greater 
A)  all students; more prejudiced 
B)  all students; less prejudiced 
C)  between-group differences; smaller 
D)  between-group differences; greater

Question 8

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11th attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of

Accepted Answer

A)  group polarization. 
B)  pluralistic ignorance. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  social facilitation. 
A)  group polarization. 
B)  pluralistic ignorance. 
C)  social loafing. 
D)  social facilitation.

Question 9

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself to others is called

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influence processing. 
B)  normative influence processing. 
C)  the reactance theory. 
D)  the social comparison theory. 
A)  informational influence processing. 
B)  normative influence processing. 
C)  the reactance theory. 
D)  the social comparison theory.

Question 10

The fact that active participation in discussion produces more polarization is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influence processes. 
B)  normative influence processes. 
C)  the cognitive miser theory. 
D)  a decrease in pluralistic ignorance. 
A)  informational influence processes. 
B)  normative influence processes. 
C)  the cognitive miser theory. 
D)  a decrease in pluralistic ignorance.

Question 11

When people learn about others' positions,without making a prior commitment and without discussing their own position,they will

Accepted Answer

A)  often take a reverse position. 
B)  not adjust their own position. 
C)  adjust their responses to be more in line with the others' position. 
D)  pretend they "knew it all along." 
A)  often take a reverse position. 
B)  not adjust their own position. 
C)  adjust their responses to be more in line with the others' position. 
D)  pretend they "knew it all along."

Question 12

"Mindguards" protect group leaders from

Accepted Answer

A)  unfair criticism. 
B)  disagreeable facts. 
C)  susceptibility to illusions. 
D)  stereotyped views of the opponents. 
A)  unfair criticism. 
B)  disagreeable facts. 
C)  susceptibility to illusions. 
D)  stereotyped views of the opponents.

Question 13

view of how groupthink symptoms contributed to the Iraq war.

Accepted Answer

Groupthink symptoms played a significant

Question 14

found that on federal appellate court cases,a Republican judge sitting with two other Republican judges voted _____ than when sitting with one Democratic judge.

Accepted Answer

A)  more liberally 
B)  more conservatively 
C)  more predictably 
D)  less predictably 
A)  more liberally 
B)  more conservatively 
C)  more predictably 
D)  less predictably

Question 15

List and describe each of the symptoms of groupthink.

Accepted Answer

Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon

Question 16

On what issues do persuasive arguments sway responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  issues that have a factual element. 
B)  moderate, rather than severe, issues. 
C)  value-laden judgments. 
D)  complex, rather than simple issues. 
A)  issues that have a factual element. 
B)  moderate, rather than severe, issues. 
C)  value-laden judgments. 
D)  complex, rather than simple issues.

Question 17

Closed-mindedness is most clearly fostered by which of the following symptoms of groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalization 
B)  unquestioned belief in the group's morality 
C)  an illusion of unanimity 
D)  conformity pressure 
A)  rationalization 
B)  unquestioned belief in the group's morality 
C)  an illusion of unanimity 
D)  conformity pressure

Question 18

Teresa has joined the campus Amnesty International Group and after attending a few of the meetings,now feels even more passionate about human rights.Social psychologists would explain the change in Teresa's opinions using

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  group polarization. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  group polarization.

Question 19

The fact that people associate mostly with others whose attitudes are similar to their own,suggests the prevalence of naturally occurring

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  group polarization. 
A)  social facilitation. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  minority influence. 
D)  group polarization.

Question 20

Research on group polarization began with the erroneous conclusion that group discussion leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  a risky shift. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  pluralistic ignorance. 
D)  group moderation. 
A)  a risky shift. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  pluralistic ignorance. 
D)  group moderation.

Exam 20: How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

According to Janis,groupthink grows from all of the following except

Which of the following is a comment you are LEAST likely to hear being made within a group characterized by groupthink?

The illusion of unanimity in a group is one aspect of

suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terror organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?

Julio is a directive leader of a highly cohesive student group on campus.When discussing important policy decisions,the group will be at greatest risk for groupthink if it is also

Groupthink can be defined as

organized groups of prejudiced and nonprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues involving racial attitudes,both before and after group discussion.Results showed that after within-group discussion,_______ became _______.

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11th attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself to others is called

The fact that active participation in discussion produces more polarization is best explained by

When people learn about others' positions,without making a prior commitment and without discussing their own position,they will

"Mindguards" protect group leaders from

view of how groupthink symptoms contributed to the Iraq war.

found that on federal appellate court cases,a Republican judge sitting with two other Republican judges voted _____ than when sitting with one Democratic judge.

List and describe each of the symptoms of groupthink.

On what issues do persuasive arguments sway responses?

Closed-mindedness is most clearly fostered by which of the following symptoms of groupthink?

Teresa has joined the campus Amnesty International Group and after attending a few of the meetings,now feels even more passionate about human rights.Social psychologists would explain the change in Teresa's opinions using

The fact that people associate mostly with others whose attitudes are similar to their own,suggests the prevalence of naturally occurring

Research on group polarization began with the erroneous conclusion that group discussion leads to

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept: Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

The Power of Positive Thinking

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Clinical Therapy: The Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender, Genes, and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Indoctrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Do the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

organized groups of prejudiced and nonprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues involving racial attitudes,both before and after group discussion.Results showed that after within-group discussion,_ became _.

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11^th attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of