Question 1

An acidic fog in Pasadena was found to have a pH of 2.50.Which expression represents this pH measurement?

Accepted Answer

A) MOH¯ = 3.2 × 10¯12 M 
B) MOH¯ = 3.2 × 10¯9 M 
C) MH+ = 9.7 × 10¯3 M 
D) MH+ = 2.5 M 
A) MOH¯ = 3.2 × 10¯12 M 
B) MOH¯ = 3.2 × 10¯9 M 
C) MH+ = 9.7 × 10¯3 M 
D) MH+ = 2.5 M

Question 2

Coal switching refers to the practice of

Accepted Answer

A) converting oil or natural gas power plants to coal because coal is cheaper. 
B) pulverizing coal in order to make it burn more efficiently. 
C) converting coal power plants to oil or natural gas to reduce SOx emissions. 
D) using coal with a lower sulfur content to reduce SOx emissions. 
A) converting oil or natural gas power plants to coal because coal is cheaper. 
B) pulverizing coal in order to make it burn more efficiently. 
C) converting coal power plants to oil or natural gas to reduce SOx emissions. 
D) using coal with a lower sulfur content to reduce SOx emissions.

Question 3

Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 1.2 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH)in 1,250 mL of water.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.017 
B) 1.77 
C) 9.22 
D) 12.23 
A) 0.017 
B) 1.77 
C) 9.22 
D) 12.23

Question 4

Calculate the amount of sulfur dioxide produced annually by a power plant that burns 7.5 million metric tons (t)of coal over a year.Assume that the coal is 2.4% sulfur by mass.1 metric ton (t)= 1000 kg.

Accepted Answer

A) 3.6 × 108 kg 
B) 3.6 × 108 t 
C) 1.8 × 1011 kg 
D) 7.5 × 1012 g 
A) 3.6 × 108 kg 
B) 3.6 × 108 t 
C) 1.8 × 1011 kg 
D) 7.5 × 1012 g

Question 5

Which chemical equation shows the dissociation of 2 protons from trihydrogen phosphate (phosphoric acid)?

Accepted Answer

A) H3PO4 → H2+ + HPO4¯ 
B) H3PO4 → H22+ + PO42¯ 
C) H3PO4 → 2H+ + HPO42¯ 
D) H3PO4 → H33+ + PO43¯ 
A) H3PO4 → H2+ + HPO4¯ 
B) H3PO4 → H22+ + PO42¯ 
C) H3PO4 → 2H+ + HPO42¯ 
D) H3PO4 → H33+ + PO43¯

Question 6

One of the functions of an automobile catalytic converter contributes to the battle against acid rain.Which reaction represents this function as carried out by a catalytic converter?

Accepted Answer

A) HNO2 + NaOH → H2O + NaNO2 
B) NO2 + H2O → HO+ + HNO2¯ 
C) 2 NO → N2 + O2 
D) HNO3 + NaOH → H2O + NaNO3 
A) HNO2 + NaOH → H2O + NaNO2 
B) NO2 + H2O → HO+ + HNO2¯ 
C) 2 NO → N2 + O2 
D) HNO3 + NaOH → H2O + NaNO3

Question 7

Which nitrogen-containing substance is generally unreactive?

Accepted Answer

A) NO 
B) NaNO2 
C) N2 
D) NH3 
A) NO 
B) NaNO2 
C) N2 
D) NH3

Question 8

Which of the following countries is the largest consumer of coal (by total mass)?

Accepted Answer

A) China 
B) United States 
C) India 
D) Indonesia 
A) China 
B) United States 
C) India 
D) Indonesia

Question 9

Bases are substances that increase the hydroxide ion concentration in aqueous solution.Why does ammonia (NH3),which does not contain a hydroxide group,act as a base?

Accepted Answer

A) Ammonia acts as a base only in the presence of hydroxide ion-containing compounds. 
B) Ammonia molecules remove protons from water molecules,forming hydroxide ions. 
C) Ammonia molecules donate protons to water molecules,forming hydroxide ions. 
D) Ammonia acts as a base only in the presence of very strong acids. 
A) Ammonia acts as a base only in the presence of hydroxide ion-containing compounds. 
B) Ammonia molecules remove protons from water molecules,forming hydroxide ions. 
C) Ammonia molecules donate protons to water molecules,forming hydroxide ions. 
D) Ammonia acts as a base only in the presence of very strong acids.

Question 10

In addition to fossil fuel combustion,what other facet of modern industrial society contributes to the formation of acid rain?

Accepted Answer

A) the use of chlorofluorocarbons 
B) deforestation 
C) fertilizer production 
D) the use of river water in cooling towers 
A) the use of chlorofluorocarbons 
B) deforestation 
C) fertilizer production 
D) the use of river water in cooling towers

Question 11

Which reaction most accurately represents the dissociation of nitrous acid (HNO2)in water?

Accepted Answer

A) HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + NO2¯ 
B) HNO2 + H2O → H3O2+ + NO¯ 
C) HNO2 + H2O → HN + HO+ + HO2¯ 
D) HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + N + O2¯ 
A) HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + NO2¯ 
B) HNO2 + H2O → H3O2+ + NO¯ 
C) HNO2 + H2O → HN + HO+ + HO2¯ 
D) HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + N + O2¯

Question 12

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 authorize the assignment of permits to corporations allowing a predetermined level of sulfur dioxide emissions.Permit holders that keep emissions below the permit level may

Accepted Answer

A) charge a higher price for generated power. 
B) sell their unused emission rights to another corporation. 
C) receive tax rebates. 
D) receive a lower emission permit in the future. 
A) charge a higher price for generated power. 
B) sell their unused emission rights to another corporation. 
C) receive tax rebates. 
D) receive a lower emission permit in the future.

Question 13

Cars and trucks produce most of the NOx emissions and they also suffer the deleterious effects of acid rain.Which negative effects of acid rain affect cars and trucks?
I.decreased gas mileage
II.damage to the paint and finish
III.increased susceptibility to rust
IV.reduced radio reception

Accepted Answer

A) I and II only 
B) I and IV only 
C) II and III only 
D) III and IV only 
A) I and II only 
B) I and IV only 
C) II and III only 
D) III and IV only

Question 14

Sulfur dioxide,the primary product of sulfur combustion,further reacts with oxygen as shown.
2 SO2 + O2 → 2 SO3
What is the final step in the formation of the acidic aerosol?

Accepted Answer

A) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with nitrogen oxide. 
B) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with water. 
C) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with sodium hydroxide. 
D) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with nitrogen gas. 
A) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with nitrogen oxide. 
B) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with water. 
C) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with sodium hydroxide. 
D) Reaction of sulfur trioxide with nitrogen gas.

Question 15

In the early 1990s,glass manufacturers developed a green chemistry solution to reducing NO emissions and energy consumption.This involved

Accepted Answer

A) reducing the temperature required to melt the glass. 
B) using liquid rather than solid starting materials to make the glass. 
C) substituting 100% oxygen for air in the large furnaces used to melt and reheat the glass. 
D) melting the starting materials in the absence of air (in a vacuum). 
A) reducing the temperature required to melt the glass. 
B) using liquid rather than solid starting materials to make the glass. 
C) substituting 100% oxygen for air in the large furnaces used to melt and reheat the glass. 
D) melting the starting materials in the absence of air (in a vacuum).

Question 16

Which reaction represents an acid base neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + NO2¯ 
B) NaOH + H2O → H3O+ + NaO¯ 
C) Ba(OH)2 + 2LiCl → BaCl2 + 2LiOH 
D) Be(OH)2 + H2SO4 → BeSO4 + 2H2O 
A) HNO2 + H2O → H3O+ + NO2¯ 
B) NaOH + H2O → H3O+ + NaO¯ 
C) Ba(OH)2 + 2LiCl → BaCl2 + 2LiOH 
D) Be(OH)2 + H2SO4 → BeSO4 + 2H2O

Question 17

Why did the industrial-scale production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen present a difficult challenge?

Accepted Answer

A) Ammonia is explosive. 
B) Nitrogen is difficult to purify. 
C) Nitrogen is unreactive. 
D) Hydrogen is unreactive. 
A) Ammonia is explosive. 
B) Nitrogen is difficult to purify. 
C) Nitrogen is unreactive. 
D) Hydrogen is unreactive.

Question 18

The pH of rain water falling through an unpolluted atmosphere is closest to:

Accepted Answer

A) 4.7 
B) 5.4 
C) 7.0 
D) 8.7 
A) 4.7 
B) 5.4 
C) 7.0 
D) 8.7

Question 19

Why are mountaintops more susceptible than grassy plains to acid deposition?

Accepted Answer

A) They are made of softer rock. 
B) They contact clouds with more concentrated acid droplets. 
C) They are often buried under snow. 
D) There is less oxygen at high altitude. 
A) They are made of softer rock. 
B) They contact clouds with more concentrated acid droplets. 
C) They are often buried under snow. 
D) There is less oxygen at high altitude.

Question 20

For what purpose was the Haber-Bosch process developed?

Accepted Answer

A) reduction of SOx in coal burning power plant emissions 
B) reduction of NOx in vehicle emissions 
C) nitrification of soil 
D) production of ammonia 
A) reduction of SOx in coal burning power plant emissions 
B) reduction of NOx in vehicle emissions 
C) nitrification of soil 
D) production of ammonia

An acidic fog in Pasadena was found to have a pH of 2.50.Which expression represents this pH measurement?

Coal switching refers to the practice of

Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 1.2 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH)in 1,250 mL of water.

Calculate the amount of sulfur dioxide produced annually by a power plant that burns 7.5 million metric tons (t)of coal over a year.Assume that the coal is 2.4% sulfur by mass.1 metric ton (t)= 1000 kg.

Which chemical equation shows the dissociation of 2 protons from trihydrogen phosphate (phosphoric acid)?

One of the functions of an automobile catalytic converter contributes to the battle against acid rain.Which reaction represents this function as carried out by a catalytic converter?

Which nitrogen-containing substance is generally unreactive?

Which of the following countries is the largest consumer of coal (by total mass)?

Bases are substances that increase the hydroxide ion concentration in aqueous solution.Why does ammonia (NH₃),which does not contain a hydroxide group,act as a base?

In addition to fossil fuel combustion,what other facet of modern industrial society contributes to the formation of acid rain?

Which reaction most accurately represents the dissociation of nitrous acid (HNO₂)in water?

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 authorize the assignment of permits to corporations allowing a predetermined level of sulfur dioxide emissions.Permit holders that keep emissions below the permit level may

Cars and trucks produce most of the NO_x emissions and they also suffer the deleterious effects of acid rain.Which negative effects of acid rain affect cars and trucks? I.decreased gas mileage II.damage to the paint and finish III.increased susceptibility to rust IV.reduced radio reception

Sulfur dioxide,the primary product of sulfur combustion,further reacts with oxygen as shown. 2 SO₂ + O₂ → 2 SO₃ What is the final step in the formation of the acidic aerosol?

In the early 1990s,glass manufacturers developed a green chemistry solution to reducing NO emissions and energy consumption.This involved

Which reaction represents an acid base neutralization reaction?

Why did the industrial-scale production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen present a difficult challenge?

The pH of rain water falling through an unpolluted atmosphere is closest to:

Why are mountaintops more susceptible than grassy plains to acid deposition?

For what purpose was the Haber-Bosch process developed?

The Air We Breathe

Protecting the Ozone Layer

The Chemistry of Global Climate Change

Energy From Combustion

Water for Life

The Fires of Nuclear Fission

Energy From Electron Transfer

The World of Polymers and Plastics

Manipulating Molecules and Designing Drugs

Nutrition: Food for Thought

Genetic Engineering and the Molecules of Life

Filters

Exam 6: Neutralizing the Threat of Acid Rain

An acidic fog in Pasadena was found to have a pH of 2.50.Which expression represents this pH measurement?

Coal switching refers to the practice of

Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 1.2 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH)in 1,250 mL of water.

Calculate the amount of sulfur dioxide produced annually by a power plant that burns 7.5 million metric tons (t)of coal over a year.Assume that the coal is 2.4% sulfur by mass.1 metric ton (t)= 1000 kg.

Which chemical equation shows the dissociation of 2 protons from trihydrogen phosphate (phosphoric acid)?

One of the functions of an automobile catalytic converter contributes to the battle against acid rain.Which reaction represents this function as carried out by a catalytic converter?

Which nitrogen-containing substance is generally unreactive?

Which of the following countries is the largest consumer of coal (by total mass)?

Bases are substances that increase the hydroxide ion concentration in aqueous solution.Why does ammonia (NH3),which does not contain a hydroxide group,act as a base?

In addition to fossil fuel combustion,what other facet of modern industrial society contributes to the formation of acid rain?

Which reaction most accurately represents the dissociation of nitrous acid (HNO2)in water?

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 authorize the assignment of permits to corporations allowing a predetermined level of sulfur dioxide emissions.Permit holders that keep emissions below the permit level may

Cars and trucks produce most of the NOx emissions and they also suffer the deleterious effects of acid rain.Which negative effects of acid rain affect cars and trucks? I.decreased gas mileage II.damage to the paint and finish III.increased susceptibility to rust IV.reduced radio reception

Sulfur dioxide,the primary product of sulfur combustion,further reacts with oxygen as shown. 2 SO2 + O2 → 2 SO3 What is the final step in the formation of the acidic aerosol?

In the early 1990s,glass manufacturers developed a green chemistry solution to reducing NO emissions and energy consumption.This involved

Which reaction represents an acid base neutralization reaction?

Why did the industrial-scale production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen present a difficult challenge?

The pH of rain water falling through an unpolluted atmosphere is closest to:

Why are mountaintops more susceptible than grassy plains to acid deposition?

For what purpose was the Haber-Bosch process developed?

The Air We Breathe

Protecting the Ozone Layer

The Chemistry of Global Climate Change

Energy From Combustion

Water for Life

The Fires of Nuclear Fission

Energy From Electron Transfer

The World of Polymers and Plastics

Manipulating Molecules and Designing Drugs

Nutrition: Food for Thought

Genetic Engineering and the Molecules of Life

Filters

Bases are substances that increase the hydroxide ion concentration in aqueous solution.Why does ammonia (NH₃),which does not contain a hydroxide group,act as a base?

Which reaction most accurately represents the dissociation of nitrous acid (HNO₂)in water?

Cars and trucks produce most of the NO_x emissions and they also suffer the deleterious effects of acid rain.Which negative effects of acid rain affect cars and trucks? I.decreased gas mileage II.damage to the paint and finish III.increased susceptibility to rust IV.reduced radio reception

Sulfur dioxide,the primary product of sulfur combustion,further reacts with oxygen as shown. 2 SO₂ + O₂ → 2 SO₃ What is the final step in the formation of the acidic aerosol?