Question 1

Any chemical or physical change that absorbs energy

Accepted Answer

A) has high activation energy. 
B) is an endothermic process. 
C) is an exothermic process. 
D) is a catalyzed process. 
A) has high activation energy. 
B) is an endothermic process. 
C) is an exothermic process. 
D) is a catalyzed process. B

Question 2

The heat of combustion of methane,CH4,is 50.1 kJ/g.How much heat would be generated if 1.00 mol of methane undergoes complete combustion?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.32 kJ 
B) 3.12 kJ 
C) 601 kJ 
D) 804 kJ 
A) 0.32 kJ 
B) 3.12 kJ 
C) 601 kJ 
D) 804 kJ D

Question 3

Based on this graph,which group of economies is predicted to have the largest energy consumption in 2010?

Accepted Answer

A) mature market economies 
B) emerging economies 
C) transitional economies 
D) impossible to say 
A) mature market economies 
B) emerging economies 
C) transitional economies 
D) impossible to say A

Question 4

Which of the following is not a "clean coal" technology already in use?

Accepted Answer

A) "Coal washing" to remove sulfur and other mineral impurities from the coal before it is burned. 
B) "Gasification" to convert coal to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.The resulting gas burns at a lower temperature,thus reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides. 
C) "Wet scrubbing" to chemically remove SO2 before it goes up the smokestack.This is accomplished by reacting the SO2 with a mixture of ground limestone and water. 
D) "Sequestration" to capture and store CO2 before it is emitted into the atmosphere. 
A) "Coal washing" to remove sulfur and other mineral impurities from the coal before it is burned. 
B) "Gasification" to convert coal to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.The resulting gas burns at a lower temperature,thus reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides. 
C) "Wet scrubbing" to chemically remove SO2 before it goes up the smokestack.This is accomplished by reacting the SO2 with a mixture of ground limestone and water. 
D) "Sequestration" to capture and store CO2 before it is emitted into the atmosphere.

Question 5

Compounds with the same molecular formulas but different molecular structures are called

Accepted Answer

A) isotopes. 
B) isomers. 
C) isobars. 
D) allotropes. 
A) isotopes. 
B) isomers. 
C) isobars. 
D) allotropes.

Question 6

Which is an advantage of using coal over petroleum as a source of energy in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) As a solid,coal is easier to transport than a liquid such as petroleum. 
B) Carbon makes up a smaller proportion of coal than it does of petroleum. 
C) Coal reserves in the United States are far greater than petroleum reserves. 
D) Coal is the source of many more different fuels with a wide range of properties than is petroleum. 
A) As a solid,coal is easier to transport than a liquid such as petroleum. 
B) Carbon makes up a smaller proportion of coal than it does of petroleum. 
C) Coal reserves in the United States are far greater than petroleum reserves. 
D) Coal is the source of many more different fuels with a wide range of properties than is petroleum.

Question 7

In which example is the entropy of the initial state lower than the entropy of the final state?

Accepted Answer

A) A pot of water boils to produce water vapor at 100°C. 
B) Librarians put library books back onto the shelves at the end of the day. 
C) A raw egg heated at 100°C in boiling water becomes hard boiled. 
D) Soldiers are called to attention when the general enters the room. 
A) A pot of water boils to produce water vapor at 100°C. 
B) Librarians put library books back onto the shelves at the end of the day. 
C) A raw egg heated at 100°C in boiling water becomes hard boiled. 
D) Soldiers are called to attention when the general enters the room.

Question 8

In an exothermic chemical reaction

Accepted Answer

A) the mass of the products is greater than the mass of the reactants. 
B) the mass of the products is less than the mass of the reactants. 
C) heat is released as the reaction proceeds. 
D) heat is absorbed as the reaction proceeds. 
A) the mass of the products is greater than the mass of the reactants. 
B) the mass of the products is less than the mass of the reactants. 
C) heat is released as the reaction proceeds. 
D) heat is absorbed as the reaction proceeds.

Question 9

Assume that an extremely inefficient electrical utility company delivers electrical energy to your home from a natural gas-burning power plant with an overall efficiency of only 21% and your furnace is 100% efficient in converting electrical energy into heat energy.What mass of natural gas must be burned by the power plant if heating your home requires 3.5 × 107 kJ? The heat of combustion of natural gas is 50.1 kJ/g.

Accepted Answer

A) 1.5 × 105 g 
B) 3.3 × 106 g 
C) 3.7 × 108 g 
D) 8.4 × 109 g 
A) 1.5 × 105 g 
B) 3.3 × 106 g 
C) 3.7 × 108 g 
D) 8.4 × 109 g

Question 10

Power plants generate electricity by harnessing the energy stored in chemical bonds.Which lists,in the correct order,the forms that the energy takes to get from a fossil fuel to an electrical outlet?

Accepted Answer

A) electrical energy → heat energy → mechanical energy → potential energy 
B) potential energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy → heat energy 
C) electrical energy → mechanical energy → heat energy → potential energy 
D) potential energy → heat energy → electrical energy → mechanical energy 
A) electrical energy → heat energy → mechanical energy → potential energy 
B) potential energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy → heat energy 
C) electrical energy → mechanical energy → heat energy → potential energy 
D) potential energy → heat energy → electrical energy → mechanical energy

Question 11

Which is a correct statement of the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A) Entropy of the universe is constantly increasing. 
B) Nature allows the conversion of potential energy into kinetic energy,but not vice versa. 
C) Heat is the only form of energy that can be converted into work with 100% efficiency. 
D) Energy cannot be created or destroyed,but it can change form. 
A) Entropy of the universe is constantly increasing. 
B) Nature allows the conversion of potential energy into kinetic energy,but not vice versa. 
C) Heat is the only form of energy that can be converted into work with 100% efficiency. 
D) Energy cannot be created or destroyed,but it can change form.

Question 12

The burning characteristics of a gasoline can be improved by converting the octane it contains into isooctane.This conversion requires the use of expensive catalysts such as

Accepted Answer

A) biological enzymes. 
B) gold and titanium. 
C) platinum and palladium. 
D) ultraviolet radiation. 
A) biological enzymes. 
B) gold and titanium. 
C) platinum and palladium. 
D) ultraviolet radiation.

Question 13

If a snack cake contains 450 food Calories and Dr.Wattenburger is able to burn 250 Calories by running for one-half an hour,how long must she run to completely burn off the snack cake?

Accepted Answer

A) 54 minutes 
B) 18 minutes 
C) 1.21 hours 
D) You can't tell 
A) 54 minutes 
B) 18 minutes 
C) 1.21 hours 
D) You can't tell

Question 14

Advertising claims sometimes state that adding something mechanical to a car's engine will allow it to recover 100% of the energy that comes from burning gasoline.You should be skeptical of such claims because they violate the

Accepted Answer

A) first law of thermodynamics. 
B) second law of thermodynamics. 
C) law of conservation of matter. 
D) activation energy requirements of all chemical reactions. 
A) first law of thermodynamics. 
B) second law of thermodynamics. 
C) law of conservation of matter. 
D) activation energy requirements of all chemical reactions.

Question 15

According to the graph below,  
The domestic production of petroleum has steadily decreased since

Accepted Answer

A) 1950. 
B) 1960. 
C) 1975. 
D) 1985. 
A) 1950. 
B) 1960. 
C) 1975. 
D) 1985.

Question 16

Consider these three compounds.  
Which are isomers?

Accepted Answer

A) I and II only 
B) II and III only 
C) I and III only 
D) I,II,and III 
A) I and II only 
B) II and III only 
C) I and III only 
D) I,II,and III

Question 17

Calculate the amount of energy that is saved by replacing a 75-watt incandescent light bulb with an 18-watt fluorescent bulb during the 1500-hour life of the incandescent bulb.One watt is the equivalent of one joule of energy used per second.

Accepted Answer

A) 308,000 kJ 
B) 405,000 kJ 
C) 97,200 kJ 
D) 27 kJ 
A) 308,000 kJ 
B) 405,000 kJ 
C) 97,200 kJ 
D) 27 kJ

Question 18

Assume that an extremely inefficient electrical utility company delivers electrical energy to your home from a natural gas-burning power plant with an overall efficiency of only 31% and your furnace is 85% efficient in converting electrical energy into heat energy.What mass of natural gas the power plant must burn if heating your home requires 3.5 × 107 kJ? The heat of combustion of natural gas is 50.1 kJ/g.

Accepted Answer

A) 2650 kg 
B) 8550 kg 
C) 2250 kg 
D) 10,100 kg 
A) 2650 kg 
B) 8550 kg 
C) 2250 kg 
D) 10,100 kg

Question 19

The general term for plant matter such as trees,grasses,agricultural crops,or other biological material is

Accepted Answer

A) biomass. 
B) cornstarch. 
C) diesel. 
D) fossil fuel. 
A) biomass. 
B) cornstarch. 
C) diesel. 
D) fossil fuel.

Question 20

In the year 2000,which two energy sources contributed almost equally to our total energy usage?

Accepted Answer

A) coal and natural gas 
B) petroleum and natural gas 
C) petroleum and nuclear electric power 
D) coal and nuclear electric power 
A) coal and natural gas 
B) petroleum and natural gas 
C) petroleum and nuclear electric power 
D) coal and nuclear electric power

Any chemical or physical change that absorbs energy

The heat of combustion of methane,CH₄,is 50.1 kJ/g.How much heat would be generated if 1.00 mol of methane undergoes complete combustion?

Based on this graph,which group of economies is predicted to have the largest energy consumption in 2010?

Which of the following is not a "clean coal" technology already in use?

Compounds with the same molecular formulas but different molecular structures are called

Which is an advantage of using coal over petroleum as a source of energy in the United States?

In which example is the entropy of the initial state lower than the entropy of the final state?

In an exothermic chemical reaction

Power plants generate electricity by harnessing the energy stored in chemical bonds.Which lists,in the correct order,the forms that the energy takes to get from a fossil fuel to an electrical outlet?

Which is a correct statement of the second law of thermodynamics?

The burning characteristics of a gasoline can be improved by converting the octane it contains into isooctane.This conversion requires the use of expensive catalysts such as

If a snack cake contains 450 food Calories and Dr.Wattenburger is able to burn 250 Calories by running for one-half an hour,how long must she run to completely burn off the snack cake?

Advertising claims sometimes state that adding something mechanical to a car's engine will allow it to recover 100% of the energy that comes from burning gasoline.You should be skeptical of such claims because they violate the

According to the graph below, The domestic production of petroleum has steadily decreased since

Consider these three compounds. Which are isomers?

Calculate the amount of energy that is saved by replacing a 75-watt incandescent light bulb with an 18-watt fluorescent bulb during the 1500-hour life of the incandescent bulb.One watt is the equivalent of one joule of energy used per second.

The general term for plant matter such as trees,grasses,agricultural crops,or other biological material is

In the year 2000,which two energy sources contributed almost equally to our total energy usage?

The Air We Breathe

Protecting the Ozone Layer

The Chemistry of Global Climate Change

Water for Life

Neutralizing the Threat of Acid Rain

The Fires of Nuclear Fission

Energy From Electron Transfer

The World of Polymers and Plastics

Manipulating Molecules and Designing Drugs

Nutrition: Food for Thought

Genetic Engineering and the Molecules of Life

Filters

Exam 4: Energy From Combustion

Any chemical or physical change that absorbs energy

The heat of combustion of methane,CH4,is 50.1 kJ/g.How much heat would be generated if 1.00 mol of methane undergoes complete combustion?

Based on this graph,which group of economies is predicted to have the largest energy consumption in 2010?

Which of the following is not a "clean coal" technology already in use?

Compounds with the same molecular formulas but different molecular structures are called

Which is an advantage of using coal over petroleum as a source of energy in the United States?

In which example is the entropy of the initial state lower than the entropy of the final state?

In an exothermic chemical reaction

Power plants generate electricity by harnessing the energy stored in chemical bonds.Which lists,in the correct order,the forms that the energy takes to get from a fossil fuel to an electrical outlet?

Which is a correct statement of the second law of thermodynamics?

The burning characteristics of a gasoline can be improved by converting the octane it contains into isooctane.This conversion requires the use of expensive catalysts such as

If a snack cake contains 450 food Calories and Dr.Wattenburger is able to burn 250 Calories by running for one-half an hour,how long must she run to completely burn off the snack cake?

Advertising claims sometimes state that adding something mechanical to a car's engine will allow it to recover 100% of the energy that comes from burning gasoline.You should be skeptical of such claims because they violate the

According to the graph below, The domestic production of petroleum has steadily decreased since

Consider these three compounds. Which are isomers?

Calculate the amount of energy that is saved by replacing a 75-watt incandescent light bulb with an 18-watt fluorescent bulb during the 1500-hour life of the incandescent bulb.One watt is the equivalent of one joule of energy used per second.

The general term for plant matter such as trees,grasses,agricultural crops,or other biological material is

In the year 2000,which two energy sources contributed almost equally to our total energy usage?

The Air We Breathe

Protecting the Ozone Layer

The Chemistry of Global Climate Change

Water for Life

Neutralizing the Threat of Acid Rain

The Fires of Nuclear Fission

Energy From Electron Transfer

The World of Polymers and Plastics

Manipulating Molecules and Designing Drugs

Nutrition: Food for Thought

Genetic Engineering and the Molecules of Life

Filters

The heat of combustion of methane,CH₄,is 50.1 kJ/g.How much heat would be generated if 1.00 mol of methane undergoes complete combustion?