Question 1

Describe the four generations of risk assessments as proposed by Bonta (1996).

Accepted Answer

Bonta's model categorizes assessments into four generations.The first generation is unstructured professional judgment.The second generation is actuarial analysis (typically of static factors).The third generation is actuarial analysis of both static and dynamic factors.Finally,the fourth generation is a comprehensive guide from intake to case closure and includes both static and dynamic factors.An important contribution of this model is the emphasis on risk assessment to inform intervention.

Question 2

In terms of crime desistance,most researchers uphold that:

Accepted Answer

A) it is best understood as a process of change and growth rather than a distinct event 
B) is simply the absence of criminal activity 
C) psychological processes do not seem to moderate the process 
D) age,employment,and the development of stable relationships appear to have little impact 
A) it is best understood as a process of change and growth rather than a distinct event 
B) is simply the absence of criminal activity 
C) psychological processes do not seem to moderate the process 
D) age,employment,and the development of stable relationships appear to have little impact A

Question 3

Research across multiple countries and correctional agencies has demonstrated that cognitive-behavioural models for correctional programming reduce reoffending.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

The preferred approach in Canadian correctional facilities,called evidence-based practice,is to use theories and research to analyze and guide real-world practice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

All of the following are key purposes of sentencing in Canada except:

Accepted Answer

A) denouncing unlawful conduct 
B) removing offenders from society 
C) providing reparation to victims 
D) promoting a sense of responsibility in victims 
A) denouncing unlawful conduct 
B) removing offenders from society 
C) providing reparation to victims 
D) promoting a sense of responsibility in victims

Question 6

Correctional programming that is ___________ and __________based is most likely to result in decreases in reoffending.

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic,theory 
B) psychodynamic,case 
C) cognitive-behavioural,therapy 
D) cognitive-behavioural,skills 
A) psychodynamic,theory 
B) psychodynamic,case 
C) cognitive-behavioural,therapy 
D) cognitive-behavioural,skills

Question 7

According to McGuire (2004),what are the four dimensions of deterrence?

Accepted Answer

A) Certainty,celerity,severity,and scope 
B) Certainty,celerity,importance,and duration 
C) Public,private,criminal,and civil 
D) Positive,negative,neutral,and mixed 
A) Certainty,celerity,severity,and scope 
B) Certainty,celerity,importance,and duration 
C) Public,private,criminal,and civil 
D) Positive,negative,neutral,and mixed

Question 8

In terms of crime desistance,offenders are largely similar in their criminal trajectories across their lifespan.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A major tenet of restorative justice is that:

Accepted Answer

A) crime is a wound,justice should be healing 
B) crime is a wrong,justice should be full punishment 
C) crime is inevitable,justice should be as strong as possible 
D) crime is rare,justice should be gentle 
A) crime is a wound,justice should be healing 
B) crime is a wrong,justice should be full punishment 
C) crime is inevitable,justice should be as strong as possible 
D) crime is rare,justice should be gentle

Question 10

All correctional systems screen for suicide risk at intake,given that it is a time of increased risk.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Outline the five types of restorative justice approaches..

Accepted Answer

Types of approaches include:
1.Victim of

Question 12

The current approach to correctional programming is to target motivation and reduce criminogenic needs using a:

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive-behavioural model that helps offenders understand high-risk situations and improve their prosocial skills 
B) psychoanalytic model that helps offenders to understand their lacking superego 
C) self-help model that helps offenders to make changes to their outlook on their own time 
D) harm-reduction model that helps offenders to reduce their offending in small increments 
A) cognitive-behavioural model that helps offenders understand high-risk situations and improve their prosocial skills 
B) psychoanalytic model that helps offenders to understand their lacking superego 
C) self-help model that helps offenders to make changes to their outlook on their own time 
D) harm-reduction model that helps offenders to reduce their offending in small increments

Question 13

Providing programming to lower risk offenders may help decrease their likelihood of reoffending.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Psychobiological and evolutionary theories are arguably the most empirically supported and the most relevant theories to correctional intervention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Dynamic risk assessments are valuable because they:

Accepted Answer

A) take information provided by parole officers into account 
B) account for the fact that risk for crime can change over time 
C) are the only type of risk assessment that examines multiple risk factors 
D) only have to be conducted once 
A) take information provided by parole officers into account 
B) account for the fact that risk for crime can change over time 
C) are the only type of risk assessment that examines multiple risk factors 
D) only have to be conducted once

Question 16

When reviewing the meta-analytic findings relative to the importance of staff in changing offender behaviour,the general findings are that:

Accepted Answer

A) staff who adopt a strong and authoritative approach are more effective than staff who are overly empathic 
B) staff who adopt a rehabilitative approach are more effective than staff who are overly strict 
C) staff who adopt an approach of encouragement are more effective than staff who are overly authoritative 
D) staff who adopt a fair but firm approach are more effective than staff who are overly authoritative or rehabilitative 
A) staff who adopt a strong and authoritative approach are more effective than staff who are overly empathic 
B) staff who adopt a rehabilitative approach are more effective than staff who are overly strict 
C) staff who adopt an approach of encouragement are more effective than staff who are overly authoritative 
D) staff who adopt a fair but firm approach are more effective than staff who are overly authoritative or rehabilitative

Question 17

Explain the major themes of retribution,incapacitation,and deterrence.

Accepted Answer

Retribution asserts that society has the

Question 18

Describe the risk,needs,and responsivity (RNR) principles of correctional programming and why they are important to the success of programming.

Accepted Answer

1.Risk: Risk refers to the requirement t

Question 19

It would appear that restorative justice programs show:

Accepted Answer

A) positive effects across all measures,including offender satisfaction 
B) positive effects across a range of measures,with greatest effect in restitution compliance 
C) positive effects across a range of measures,with greatest effect in recidivism 
D) negative effects across most measures,even victim satisfaction 
A) positive effects across all measures,including offender satisfaction 
B) positive effects across a range of measures,with greatest effect in restitution compliance 
C) positive effects across a range of measures,with greatest effect in recidivism 
D) negative effects across most measures,even victim satisfaction

Question 20

In comparing neighboring states in the U.S.,with and without capital punishment,there was no difference in the frequency of capital crimes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Describe the four generations of risk assessments as proposed by Bonta (1996).

In terms of crime desistance,most researchers uphold that:

Research across multiple countries and correctional agencies has demonstrated that cognitive-behavioural models for correctional programming reduce reoffending.

The preferred approach in Canadian correctional facilities,called evidence-based practice,is to use theories and research to analyze and guide real-world practice.

All of the following are key purposes of sentencing in Canada except:

Correctional programming that is _ and based is most likely to result in decreases in reoffending.

According to McGuire (2004),what are the four dimensions of deterrence?

In terms of crime desistance,offenders are largely similar in their criminal trajectories across their lifespan.

A major tenet of restorative justice is that:

All correctional systems screen for suicide risk at intake,given that it is a time of increased risk.

Outline the five types of restorative justice approaches..

The current approach to correctional programming is to target motivation and reduce criminogenic needs using a:

Providing programming to lower risk offenders may help decrease their likelihood of reoffending.

Psychobiological and evolutionary theories are arguably the most empirically supported and the most relevant theories to correctional intervention.

Dynamic risk assessments are valuable because they:

When reviewing the meta-analytic findings relative to the importance of staff in changing offender behaviour,the general findings are that:

Explain the major themes of retribution,incapacitation,and deterrence.

Describe the risk,needs,and responsivity (RNR) principles of correctional programming and why they are important to the success of programming.

It would appear that restorative justice programs show:

In comparing neighboring states in the U.S.,with and without capital punishment,there was no difference in the frequency of capital crimes.

Crime in Canada Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Biological and Evolutionary Explanations Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Learning and Environment Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Adolescent Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Economically Motivated Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Substance Abusing Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Violent Offending Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Intimate Partner Violence Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Mentally Disordered Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Psychopathic Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Sexual Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Female Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Aboriginal Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

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Exam 4: Canadian Corrections in Practice Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Describe the four generations of risk assessments as proposed by Bonta (1996).

In terms of crime desistance,most researchers uphold that:

Research across multiple countries and correctional agencies has demonstrated that cognitive-behavioural models for correctional programming reduce reoffending.

The preferred approach in Canadian correctional facilities,called evidence-based practice,is to use theories and research to analyze and guide real-world practice.

All of the following are key purposes of sentencing in Canada except:

Correctional programming that is ___________ and __________based is most likely to result in decreases in reoffending.

According to McGuire (2004),what are the four dimensions of deterrence?

In terms of crime desistance,offenders are largely similar in their criminal trajectories across their lifespan.

A major tenet of restorative justice is that:

All correctional systems screen for suicide risk at intake,given that it is a time of increased risk.

Outline the five types of restorative justice approaches..

The current approach to correctional programming is to target motivation and reduce criminogenic needs using a:

Providing programming to lower risk offenders may help decrease their likelihood of reoffending.

Psychobiological and evolutionary theories are arguably the most empirically supported and the most relevant theories to correctional intervention.

Dynamic risk assessments are valuable because they:

When reviewing the meta-analytic findings relative to the importance of staff in changing offender behaviour,the general findings are that:

Explain the major themes of retribution,incapacitation,and deterrence.

Describe the risk,needs,and responsivity (RNR) principles of correctional programming and why they are important to the success of programming.

It would appear that restorative justice programs show:

In comparing neighboring states in the U.S.,with and without capital punishment,there was no difference in the frequency of capital crimes.

Crime in Canada Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Biological and Evolutionary Explanations Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Learning and Environment Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Adolescent Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Economically Motivated Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Substance Abusing Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Violent Offending Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Intimate Partner Violence Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Mentally Disordered Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Psychopathic Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Sexual Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Female Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Aboriginal Offenders Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Filters

Correctional programming that is _ and based is most likely to result in decreases in reoffending.