Exam 15: Personality in Perspective

In Israel,in studies of children reared in collective child-care arrangements,the primary responsibility for child care in communal settlements is assigned to _____.

_____ held that a child's relationship with the mother in the first year of life was vital in promoting a trusting attitude.

Recent research confirms that the _____ is a powerful force,perhaps even more pervasive in its influences than Freud suggested.

In Seligman's terms,people who believe they are in control are _____ rather than _____.

According to a study of children in Finland,mothers who had an unfriendly attitude about child rearing raised children who had _____ attitudes at age 15.

_____ wrote from experience about how lack of parental warmth and affection can undermine a child's security and result in feelings of helplessness.

The first theorist to emphasize parental influences on the formation of personality was:

Kelly saw infancy as the major formative period,with the behavior of parents and siblings shaping a child's character.

Control is learned in infancy and early childhood and is fixed for life.

Which of the following statements is true about the significance given to social and environmental factors by the personality theorists?

Studies confirm that personality _____ as we grow into adolescence and early adulthood.

Adler argued that personality is influenced greatly by _____.

_____ believed that female inferiority develops from the way girls are treated in a male-dominated culture.

Sigmund Freud introduced us to the world of the:

In one study,hostile mothers were found to rear children who did not become hostile.

Researchers who subscribe to the primacy of _____ factors in personality tend to minimize or reject the parental effect.

The _____,as Freud envisioned it,remains the least understood factor in personality development.

A longitudinal study in the United States found that adults high in conformity and low in self-direction had parents who were _____ during their childhood.

All the aspects of personality explained by the personality theories are now clear and accessible.

As adults,we adjust our _____ to adapt to each stage of life and its differing needs,challenges,and opportunities.