Exam 7: Attitudes, Beliefs and Consistency

Ethan says that he likes rap music, but he never seems to listen to it when he is on his own, and he becomes visibly tense whenever rap is playing at a party. Thus, even though Ethan is outwardly favorable toward rap, it is probably case that he has a negative ________________ attitude toward it.

Research on gender differences in sex-related attitudes and behaviors indicates that men show relatively more attitude-behavior consistency when it comes to ____.

In terms of the kinds of predictions that it makes, research on cognitive dissonance theory is most at odds with research on ____.

Early research on classical conditioning was performed with dogs. In certain variations of this research, experimenters repeatedly presented dogs with meat powder just after ringing a bell. The dogs (who would naturally salivate after being exposed to meat powder) learned to associate the bell with the meat powder, and began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell. In this research, the dogs' salivation was ____.

As defined in the text, dual attitudes consist of ____.

Beth and Jean are talking about welfare reform in America. Beth is very passionate about the issue, and makes strong statements about her views. Jean later e-mails Beth an article which contains some information that is consistent with Beth's views, as well as some information that is inconsistent with Beth's views. Beth chooses to believe the consistent information but discounts the inconsistent information. As a matter of fact, after reading the article and thinking about the data it contained-even though these data were mixed-Beth actually feels even more passionate and more strongly about her position. This is an example of ____.

Which of the following is the best example of operant conditioning?

In Aldous Huxley's book Brave New World, infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a scary loud noise. In this fictional example, the loud noise is a(n) ____.

Automatic attitudes can be defined as ____ evaluative responses.

Social psychology as a science can ____.

Which statement best explains why humans have attitudes?

Another term for "social learning" is "instrumental learning."

Research indicates that men show less attitude-behavior consistency than women when it comes to sexuality.

Deepa has finally decided where to attend graduate school-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. After she has informed all the schools of her final decision, she begins to question her choice. However, she immediately focuses on all the reasons Illinois was the best choice for her, and better than her other options by far. This reassures her and makes her happy again. Deepa's feeling of uncertainty and subsequent motivation to justify her choice is an example of ____.

If you want to cope better with tragedy, you should engage in ________________comparisons with others.

The mere exposure effect occurs for stimuli that are presented at a conscious level, but it does not occur for stimuli that are presented at a nonconscious (subliminal) level.

Martin's wife died suddenly in a traumatic accident. He believes it was a senseless death with no point. Jack's wife died in a similar manner. Jack believes his wife's death has provided an opportunity for the family to develop a foundation serving others with her life insurance benefits. Jack and Martin will probably cope equally well with their tragic circumstances.

Early research on classical conditioning was performed with dogs. In certain variations of this research, experimenters repeatedly presented dogs with meat powder just after ringing a bell. The dogs (who would naturally salivate after being exposed to meat powder) learned to associate the bell with the meat powder, and began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell. In this research, the bell served as a(n) ____.

Which of the following is the best example of social learning?

In a classic study, the word Dutch was systematically paired with positive words (e.g., vacation, gift), whereas the word Swedish was paired with negative words (e.g., bitter, failure). When tested afterward, participants ____.