Exam 7: Attitudes, Beliefs and Consistency

Which of the following best describes behavioral aggregation as a solution to the problem of attitude-behavior inconsistency?

Social psychologist John Bargh has stated that "we have yet to find something the mind regards with complete impartiality, without at least a mild judgment of liking or disliking." He was referring to ____.

Distinguish between classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning. How do they work and how do they differ from one another?

One of the reasons university officials have so much difficulty in eliminating hazing rituals is that ____.

The mere exposure effect refers to the tendency for people to ____.

Research in social cognition has more or less suggested that evaluation is part of perception.

Which of the following is the best example of the mere exposure effect?

In 1968, social psychologist Robert Zajonc proposed that "____ of the individual to a stimulus is a sufficient condition for the enhancement of his attitude toward it."

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings are "self-help" meetings comprised of people who are recovering from alcohol-related problems. These meetings employ a number of practices designed to keep people away from alcohol. Which of the practices listed below is most consistent with the research on cognitive dissonance theory and attitude change? That is, which of the following would a cognitive dissonance theorist be most likely to applaud?

Which statement about humans and animals is most correct?

Research indicates that students who enter college knowing their likes and dislikes on academically relevant issues tend to experience better physical and mental health in the college setting than do other students.

"The world is perfect" is one of the assumptive worlds identified by Janoff-Bulman (1992).

In light of the research on cognitive dissonance theory, what is the best explanation for the role of large, expensive marriage ceremonies?

Comer and Laird's (1975) study told some participants that they would be doing a worm-eating task. After a short period during which the participants could contemplate worm eating, the experimenter told them there was a mistake, and that they could choose between worm-eating and weight discrimination tasks. What percent of the participants chose to stay with the worm-eating task when given a more emotionally neutral (weight discrimination) alternative?

When the offering plate is passed at her church, Pat rarely puts any money in it. She always looks at the offering as a financial question in terms of her own books. She has never thought of it in terms of an indicator of her faith. Pat is a devout believer in the teachings of her church. Pat's attitude-behavior inconsistency results from ____.

Research has demonstrated that people are more likely to imitate behaviors if they have seen others rewarded for performing those behaviors, and less likely to imitate behaviors if they have seen others punished for performing those behaviors. This type of learning is known as ________________.

The idea that beliefs play a central role in helping people cope and recover from misfortunes is called ____.

George is supposed to give a presentation in his History class on Thursday, and has been dreading it intensely all month (his knowledge of the topic is shaky, and so is his presentation style). On Wednesday, the day before the presentation is scheduled, George's teacher, Ms. Torres, tells him that he can present the following week if he likes. Instead of taking Ms. Torres up on this offer, however, George says that he will go ahead and present the next day. Why?

Distinguish between automatic attitudes and deliberate attitudes. How do they function and what purposes do they serve? How do they relate to one another? How can they be measured?

Jerome thinks that it is going to be crowded at the gym today. This is an example of a(n) ____.