Exam 7: Attitudes, Beliefs and Consistency

Mariah has an unplanned, unwanted pregnancy. She is thinking about having an abortion. But her family members and close friends are all strongly opposed to abortion. The influence of their views on Mariah's decision to pursue abortion or not best illustrates the importance of ____.

Because attitudes are easier to change than behavior, people generally follow the path of ________________ and change their attitudes rather than their behavior.

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Briefly discuss the research on cognitive coping. When people experience traumas, what sorts of cognitive responses are likely to be most helpful in promoting recovery?

Ingrid believes there is a dog in the car. Even after she has looked absolutely everywhere in the car, and found no evidence whatsoever of a dog, she continues to believe this. This scenario MOST clearly exemplifies the notion of ________________.

Inconsistency bothers certain animals, such as primates, dogs, and birds, as much as it bothers people.

Kevin has just moved to a new neighborhood. In his old neighborhood, everyone wore Vans and board shorts, but he notices that the kids on his new block are wearing Nikes and basketball shorts. He also notices that they tease people who are not dressed this way. Kevin immediately asks his mom to take him to the store to buy new clothes. What has taken place here?

Explain the conditions under which the mere exposure effect holds true.

In one well-known study that was conducted during an era of anti-Chinese prejudice (LaPiere, 1934), a researcher drove across the U.S. with a Chinese couple, stopping at dozens of restaurants, hotels, auto camps, and tourist homes. He was interested in attitude-behavior consistency. Specifically, he was interested in knowing the percentage of establishments that would serve the couple, as well as the percentage of establishments that would say that they would serve the couple when contacted later. What did he find?

In a study conducted in Mauritius, young men who participated in the Kavadi, a painful religious ritual requiring piercing the skin with needles, dragging a cart attached by hooks to the skin, and climbing a mountain barefoot, ____.

According to research studies, people who hold strong attitudes toward an issue are least likely to do which of the following?

Research on religious beliefs shows that appealing to a higher (superordinate) power can be an effective way to reduce ____.

Iris is a vegetarian, but she was forced (at gunpoint) to eat a steak last night. Research suggests that even under these highly unusual circumstances, she will still feel dissonance and try to rationalize her steak-eating to reduce this dissonance.

Which behavior best summarizes the text's conclusion about attitude-behavior consistency?

According to the research of Ajzen and Fishbein (1977), if you want to predict a specific behavior, you should measure a(n) ________________.

In general, attitudes are used for ____.

Which term refers to the idea that while attitudes and behavior may not match in a single instance, they will tend to match up over a number of instances?

As discussed in the text, people who hold irrational attitudes (e.g., about Big Foot, UFOs, and ghosts) tend to ____.

____ are pieces of information, facts, or opinions; ____ are broad evaluations toward some object or issue.

When advertisers need to help sell a low-quality product, they often make ads that use loud music and distracting images (as opposed to ads that explicitly and straightforwardly discuss the features of the product). This is probably a good strategy because it is likely to foster ____ processing of the ad's claims, and in turn to ____.