Exam 3: The Self

People try to make impressions on others by explicitly telling other people things about themselves ("I have a lot of experience with this"), by wearing certain brands (e.g., Birkenstock, Stussy, Nike, Prada), and by using certain body language (e.g., strutting or crossing one's legs). These are all examples of ____.

Drinking alcohol and using drugs are common means that people use to escape ____.

Considering white Americans, African-Americans, and other ethnic minority groups in the U.S., ____ tend to have the highest levels of self-esteem, followed by ____ and then ____.

Kevin is taking a course on women's literature, and is the only male student in the class (all of the other students are female). Research suggests that, as a result, he will be ____.

Jacques has a big wrestling match coming up, but he fears that he will lose. The week before the match, he claims that he is "really busy with other studies," and does not practice at all. Even though he may not realize he is doing this, he is setting himself up so that he will have an "excuse" in case he loses the match. Jacques is apparently engaging in ________________.

Suppose that you are a research participant in a study, and a researcher asks you to work on a puzzle while sitting in front of a mirror. He also mentions that your performance will be videotaped. Given these two pieces of information, you would be wise to suspect that the researcher is trying to increase ____.

________________ refers to the process by which the self monitors, controls, and modifies itself.

Compared to people with low self-esteem, people with high self-esteem tend to think that they are ____.

Is intelligence or IQ related to self-esteem? Compared to people with low self-esteem, people with high self-esteem ____.

The tendency to be skeptical and critical of bad feedback about your performance, but accepting of good feedback is a ____.

Probably the best account of the origins of selfhood is that the self comes into being at the interface between ____ and ____.

Describe the three main jobs of the self.

Tina has been trying to sell some of her things on e-bay recently, but nothing seems to sell. She listed an old Ouija board for $20, a pair of used tights for $25, and an old (partially working) smoke detector for $60. A friend suggested that she lower her prices, but Tina maintains that these items are really worth a lot. Tina is showing a severe case of ____.

Suppose that Faith grew up in Miami, had a pet dog as a child, is an excellent pinball player, and sometimes drinks too much at parties. If we knew nothing else about Faith, it would probably still be safe to assume that she thinks ____ is more common than it really is.

According to the text, ____ is/are the most important ingredient(s) for facilitating self-concept change.

Compared to the consistency motive and the appraisal motive, the self-enhancement motive has a more ____ appeal.

Even though she has taken Spanish courses for years and is almost fluent, Ann just enrolled in Spanish I. Why? She loves the feeling of being the smartest person in the room, and loves to get scores of 100%. Ann is apparently driven by a rather strong ________________ motive.

Ziba thinks she is really struggling financially compared to all her friends. Then she moves to a rural, poor part of the country and decides she is pretty well off. When Ziba compares herself to the people in her new location, she is making a(n) ________________.

As discussed in the text, one of the gymnasts who competed in the 1976 Olympics broke his leg midway through the competition but actually hid his injury from his teammates (because he did not want them to be distracted or concerned during the competition) and continued to compete (and help his team win the medal). This story is used to illustrate the notion of ____.

People with low self-esteem do not necessarily think they are horrible. They just tend to think of themselves as "so so," "not that great," or "average."