Question 1

Factors that increase the likelihood of an epidemic include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) overcrowding 
B) migration 
C) lack of vaccination 
D) access to medical care 
A) overcrowding 
B) migration 
C) lack of vaccination 
D) access to medical care D

Question 2

An index case:

Accepted Answer

A) refers to the first case where an infectious disease kills a susceptible host 
B) is necessary for a common source outbreak 
C) defines a propagated epidemic 
D) refers to the first case of an infectious disease outbreak to be identified 
A) refers to the first case where an infectious disease kills a susceptible host 
B) is necessary for a common source outbreak 
C) defines a propagated epidemic 
D) refers to the first case of an infectious disease outbreak to be identified D

Question 3

Congenital diseases:

Accepted Answer

A) cause infection when present on poorly cooked meat 
B) cross the placenta from infected mother to fetus 
C) enter the body via contaminated water 
D) affect only the mother and not the fetus 
A) cause infection when present on poorly cooked meat 
B) cross the placenta from infected mother to fetus 
C) enter the body via contaminated water 
D) affect only the mother and not the fetus B

Question 4

A common portal of entry for microorganisms is/are:

Accepted Answer

A) milk 
B) blood vessels 
C) saliva ducts 
D) mucous membranes 
A) milk 
B) blood vessels 
C) saliva ducts 
D) mucous membranes

Question 5

All of the following are important when considering a descriptive epidemiological study except the:

Accepted Answer

A) locations of disease cases 
B) number of cases of a disease 
C) time periods of disease development 
D) cause-and-effect relationships of disease cases 
A) locations of disease cases 
B) number of cases of a disease 
C) time periods of disease development 
D) cause-and-effect relationships of disease cases

Question 6

An opportunistic infection acquired from the individual's own microbiota is:

Accepted Answer

A) nosocomial 
B) reservoir 
C) exogenous 
D) endogenous 
A) nosocomial 
B) reservoir 
C) exogenous 
D) endogenous

Question 7

An infectious disease in which transmission can occur during the incubation period of disease is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

A) chronic 
B) acute 
C) carrier 
D) communicable 
A) chronic 
B) acute 
C) carrier 
D) communicable

Question 8

Reservoirs of infections include:

Accepted Answer

A) humans 
B) non-human vertebrate animals 
C) water and soil 
D) all of these 
A) humans 
B) non-human vertebrate animals 
C) water and soil 
D) all of these

Question 9

Bioterrorism:

Accepted Answer

A) is a new phenomenon 
B) agents all transmit from one human to other humans 
C) agents are all transmitted through mechanical vectors 
D) might employ pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis 
A) is a new phenomenon 
B) agents all transmit from one human to other humans 
C) agents are all transmitted through mechanical vectors 
D) might employ pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis

Question 10

An epidemic that arises from horizontal transmission and where the of cases slowly rises and then falls is said to be of what type

Accepted Answer

A) Common-source outbreak 
B) Sporadic 
C) Pandemic 
D) Propagated epidemic 
A) Common-source outbreak 
B) Sporadic 
C) Pandemic 
D) Propagated epidemic

Question 11

An epidemiological study that tests a hypothesis is referred to as what type of study

Accepted Answer

A) Analytical 
B) Experimental 
C) Prospective 
D) Descriptive 
A) Analytical 
B) Experimental 
C) Prospective 
D) Descriptive

Question 12

A retrospective analytical study:

Accepted Answer

A) enrolls study participants before an epidemic occurs 
B) considers factors that occur as an epidemic spread 
C) compares study participants that receive a drug with those that received an infection 
D) may determine which factors are causal after the epidemic occurs 
A) enrolls study participants before an epidemic occurs 
B) considers factors that occur as an epidemic spread 
C) compares study participants that receive a drug with those that received an infection 
D) may determine which factors are causal after the epidemic occurs

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT helpful in achieving control of disease transmission

Accepted Answer

A) Isolation of patient from general population 
B) Propagation of vectors 
C) Quarantine 
D) Immunization programs 
A) Isolation of patient from general population 
B) Propagation of vectors 
C) Quarantine 
D) Immunization programs

Question 14

An infection acquired in the hospital or other medical facility is:

Accepted Answer

A) zoonotic 
B) notifiable 
C) exogenous 
D) nosocomial 
A) zoonotic 
B) notifiable 
C) exogenous 
D) nosocomial

Question 15

These guidelines are published by the CDC in order to reduce the transmission of disease.

Accepted Answer

A) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 
B) Weekly Epidemiological Record 
C) Notifiable Diseases List 
D) Universal Precautions 
A) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 
B) Weekly Epidemiological Record 
C) Notifiable Diseases List 
D) Universal Precautions

Question 16

Which of following is a true statement about outbreaks

Accepted Answer

A) An outbreak is considered vastly more serious than an epidemic. 
B) A propagated outbreak arises from contact with contaminated substances. 
C) In common-source outbreaks new cases are continually seen during time. 
D) Outbreaks can be classified by the rate of increase of new cases. 
A) An outbreak is considered vastly more serious than an epidemic. 
B) A propagated outbreak arises from contact with contaminated substances. 
C) In common-source outbreaks new cases are continually seen during time. 
D) Outbreaks can be classified by the rate of increase of new cases.

Question 17

Bioterrorism:

Accepted Answer

A) is a new phenomenon 
B) agents all transmit from one human to other humans 
C) agents are all transmitted through mechanical vectors 
D) might employ agents such as ricin 
A) is a new phenomenon 
B) agents all transmit from one human to other humans 
C) agents are all transmitted through mechanical vectors 
D) might employ agents such as ricin

Question 18

Herd immunity:

Accepted Answer

A) allows epidemiologist to predict when an epidemic will occur 
B) should be low in order to achieve maximum protection 
C) only applies to zoonoses that involve cattle 
D) is greatly increased with large-scale immunization program 
A) allows epidemiologist to predict when an epidemic will occur 
B) should be low in order to achieve maximum protection 
C) only applies to zoonoses that involve cattle 
D) is greatly increased with large-scale immunization program

Question 19

An infectious disease that occurs in a random and unpredictable manner is called:

Accepted Answer

A) sporadic 
B) pandemic 
C) epidemic 
D) propagated epidemic 
A) sporadic 
B) pandemic 
C) epidemic 
D) propagated epidemic

Question 20

Which of the following microorganisms is found in soil,a nonliving reservoir,and in animal fecal matter used as a fertilizer

Accepted Answer

A) Yersinia pestis 
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
C) Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D) Clostridium tetani 
A) Yersinia pestis 
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
C) Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D) Clostridium tetani

Exam 16: Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Factors that increase the likelihood of an epidemic include all of the following except:

An index case:

Congenital diseases:

A common portal of entry for microorganisms is/are:

All of the following are important when considering a descriptive epidemiological study except the:

An opportunistic infection acquired from the individual's own microbiota is:

An infectious disease in which transmission can occur during the incubation period of disease is considered to be:

Reservoirs of infections include:

Bioterrorism:

An epidemic that arises from horizontal transmission and where the of cases slowly rises and then falls is said to be of what type

An epidemiological study that tests a hypothesis is referred to as what type of study

A retrospective analytical study:

Which of the following is NOT helpful in achieving control of disease transmission

An infection acquired in the hospital or other medical facility is:

These guidelines are published by the CDC in order to reduce the transmission of disease.

Which of following is a true statement about outbreaks

Bioterrorism:

Herd immunity:

An infectious disease that occurs in a random and unpredictable manner is called:

Which of the following microorganisms is found in soil,a nonliving reservoir,and in animal fecal matter used as a fertilizer

Scope and History of Microbiology

The Microbiome

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: The Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Innate Host Defenses

Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immune Disorders

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Systemic Diseases

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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