Question 1

The asthma incidence rate in Huttite children is:

Accepted Answer

A) 5% 
B) 2% 
C) 10% 
D) higher than the national average 
E) 50% 
A) 5% 
B) 2% 
C) 10% 
D) higher than the national average 
E) 50% D

Question 2

The asthma incidence rate in Amish children is:

Accepted Answer

A) 3% 
B) 2% 
C) 10% 
D) lower than the national average 
E) 21.3% 
A) 3% 
B) 2% 
C) 10% 
D) lower than the national average 
E) 21.3% D

Question 3

Which of these is NOT a desirable trait for maintaining good health

Accepted Answer

A) possessing any microbiome at all,they make no difference 
B) maintaing a healthy weight 
C) eating fewer processed foods 
D) having a balanced microbiome 
E) all are undesirable traits 
A) possessing any microbiome at all,they make no difference 
B) maintaing a healthy weight 
C) eating fewer processed foods 
D) having a balanced microbiome 
E) all are undesirable traits A

Question 4

The children who show the lowest incidence of asthma in the U.S.A.are:

Accepted Answer

A) Huttites 
B) Amish 
C) Mexican American 
D) African American 
E) Japanese American 
A) Huttites 
B) Amish 
C) Mexican American 
D) African American 
E) Japanese American

Question 5

Risks from obesity do NOT include:

Accepted Answer

A) infertility 
B) metabolic syndrome 
C) high blood pressure 
D) heart disease 
E) stroke 
A) infertility 
B) metabolic syndrome 
C) high blood pressure 
D) heart disease 
E) stroke

Question 6

A course of antibiotics can disturb gut microflora for what period of time

Accepted Answer

A) no change occurs 
B) 10 minutes 
C) 10 days 
D) permanent irreversible damage occurs 
E) 2 years 
A) no change occurs 
B) 10 minutes 
C) 10 days 
D) permanent irreversible damage occurs 
E) 2 years

Question 7

How many genes are gut microbes thought to interact with when they are implicated in causing Crohn's disease

Accepted Answer

A) 9 
B) 140 
C) 180 
D) 25 
E) 1,000 
A) 9 
B) 140 
C) 180 
D) 25 
E) 1,000

Question 8

Which choice indicates desirable bacteria to introduce into an individual suffering from anxiety and depression

Accepted Answer

A) Lactobacillus,found in yoghurt 
B) E.coli found bagged lettuce 
C) Salmonella found in meats 
D) Bacteroides a part of the Type I enterotype 
E) Prevotella a part of the Type II enterotype 
A) Lactobacillus,found in yoghurt 
B) E.coli found bagged lettuce 
C) Salmonella found in meats 
D) Bacteroides a part of the Type I enterotype 
E) Prevotella a part of the Type II enterotype

Question 9

Which term is used if your microbiome is not considered conducive to good health

Accepted Answer

A) imbiosis 
B) retrobiosis 
C) antagonobiosis 
D) antibiosis 
E) dysbiosis 
A) imbiosis 
B) retrobiosis 
C) antagonobiosis 
D) antibiosis 
E) dysbiosis

Question 10

According to this chapter,consumption of which food reduces anxiety and depression

Accepted Answer

A) chocolate 
B) apples 
C) French fries 
D) yogurt 
E) green salad 
A) chocolate 
B) apples 
C) French fries 
D) yogurt 
E) green salad

Question 11

At which developmental stage is it believed that antibiotic administration provides the highest risk of adversely affecting immune health and metabolic homeostasis

Accepted Answer

A) prenatally 
B) while the immune system is still developing 
C) in the adolescent 
D) in the middle aged adult 
E) in the geriatric 
A) prenatally 
B) while the immune system is still developing 
C) in the adolescent 
D) in the middle aged adult 
E) in the geriatric

Question 12

What is an accurate description of the term enterotype

Accepted Answer

A) the microflora found on your skin 
B) the microflora found in your oral cavity. 
C) the microflora found in your colon 
D) the microflora found in your upper respiratory tract 
E) the microflora found in your sinuses. 
A) the microflora found on your skin 
B) the microflora found in your oral cavity. 
C) the microflora found in your colon 
D) the microflora found in your upper respiratory tract 
E) the microflora found in your sinuses.

Question 13

Which disease may be linked to endotoxin release and ensuing inflammation

Accepted Answer

A) epilepsy 
B) autism 
C) altered growth rate 
D) obesity 
E) all are caused by inflammatory disturbances 
A) epilepsy 
B) autism 
C) altered growth rate 
D) obesity 
E) all are caused by inflammatory disturbances

Question 14

According to this chapter,consumption of which food reduces anxiety and depression

Accepted Answer

A) coffee and tea 
B) bran 
C) lamb 
D) yogurt 
E) tumeric 
A) coffee and tea 
B) bran 
C) lamb 
D) yogurt 
E) tumeric

Question 15

How many bacteria are found in and on an average human

Accepted Answer

A) 10 times the number of body cells 
B) 100 times the number of body cells 
C) 1,000 times the number of body cells 
D) 10 million times the number of body cells 
E) 10 trillion times the number of body cells 
A) 10 times the number of body cells 
B) 100 times the number of body cells 
C) 1,000 times the number of body cells 
D) 10 million times the number of body cells 
E) 10 trillion times the number of body cells

Question 16

The biggest contribution to the microbiome occurs:

Accepted Answer

A) at the time of delivery 
B) during breast feeding 
C) while visiting chimpanzees at a zoo 
D) if anxiety and depression are experienced 
E) continuously,there is no period where the fundamental microbiome is established 
A) at the time of delivery 
B) during breast feeding 
C) while visiting chimpanzees at a zoo 
D) if anxiety and depression are experienced 
E) continuously,there is no period where the fundamental microbiome is established

Question 17

Which of these is a desirable trait for maintaining good health

Accepted Answer

A) possessing any microbiome at all,they make no difference 
B) not being overweight 
C) eating any food at all 
D) possessing a Bacteroides microbiome 
E) never exercising 
A) possessing any microbiome at all,they make no difference 
B) not being overweight 
C) eating any food at all 
D) possessing a Bacteroides microbiome 
E) never exercising

Question 18

At which age is it believed that antibiotic administration provides the highest risk of causing dysbiosis

Accepted Answer

A) prenatally 
B) in the infant 
C) in the adolescent 
D) in the middle aged adult 
E) in the geriatric 
A) prenatally 
B) in the infant 
C) in the adolescent 
D) in the middle aged adult 
E) in the geriatric

Question 19

Which is NOT one of the enterotypes described for humans

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteroides-dominant 
B) Prevotella-dominant 
C) Ruminococcus-dominant 
D) all are correct enterotypes 
E) E.coli-dominant 
A) Bacteroides-dominant 
B) Prevotella-dominant 
C) Ruminococcus-dominant 
D) all are correct enterotypes 
E) E.coli-dominant

Question 20

A course of antibiotics can disturb gut microflora for what period of time

Accepted Answer

A) 2 hours 
B) 2 minutes 
C) 2 days 
D) 2 weeks 
E) 2 years 
A) 2 hours 
B) 2 minutes 
C) 2 days 
D) 2 weeks 
E) 2 years

Exam 2: The Microbiome

The asthma incidence rate in Huttite children is:

The asthma incidence rate in Amish children is:

Which of these is NOT a desirable trait for maintaining good health

The children who show the lowest incidence of asthma in the U.S.A.are:

Risks from obesity do NOT include:

A course of antibiotics can disturb gut microflora for what period of time

How many genes are gut microbes thought to interact with when they are implicated in causing Crohn's disease

Which choice indicates desirable bacteria to introduce into an individual suffering from anxiety and depression

Which term is used if your microbiome is not considered conducive to good health

According to this chapter,consumption of which food reduces anxiety and depression

At which developmental stage is it believed that antibiotic administration provides the highest risk of adversely affecting immune health and metabolic homeostasis

What is an accurate description of the term enterotype

Which disease may be linked to endotoxin release and ensuing inflammation

According to this chapter,consumption of which food reduces anxiety and depression

How many bacteria are found in and on an average human

The biggest contribution to the microbiome occurs:

Which of these is a desirable trait for maintaining good health

At which age is it believed that antibiotic administration provides the highest risk of causing dysbiosis

Which is NOT one of the enterotypes described for humans

A course of antibiotics can disturb gut microflora for what period of time

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: The Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immune Disorders

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Systemic Diseases

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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