Question 1

In the lac operon RNA polymerase first binds to the:

Accepted Answer

A) promoter 
B) operator 
C) repressor 
D) regulator 
A) promoter 
B) operator 
C) repressor 
D) regulator A

Question 2

Bacterial genomes:

Accepted Answer

A) have rarely been sequenced as it takes a very long time. 
B) only contain adenine,uracil,cytosine and guanine. 
C) contain all the information for the structure and functioning of a cell. 
D) when sequenced 100% of the genes are with known cellular function. 
A) have rarely been sequenced as it takes a very long time. 
B) only contain adenine,uracil,cytosine and guanine. 
C) contain all the information for the structure and functioning of a cell. 
D) when sequenced 100% of the genes are with known cellular function. C

Question 3

The fluctuation tests done by Luria and Delbruck showed that:

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics induce the development of resistance in bacteria 
B) the growth of bacteria fluctuates based on the concentration of antibiotics in the media 
C) the concentration of antibiotics fluctuates in response to the number of bacteria in a sample 
D) resistance to antibiotics occurs spontaneously in bacteria 
A) antibiotics induce the development of resistance in bacteria 
B) the growth of bacteria fluctuates based on the concentration of antibiotics in the media 
C) the concentration of antibiotics fluctuates in response to the number of bacteria in a sample 
D) resistance to antibiotics occurs spontaneously in bacteria D

Question 4

Messenger RNA:

Accepted Answer

A) is formed in the 3' to 5' direction 
B) is found only in prokaryotes 
C) contains uracil instead of thymine 
D) is synthesized using the enzyme ligase 
A) is formed in the 3' to 5' direction 
B) is found only in prokaryotes 
C) contains uracil instead of thymine 
D) is synthesized using the enzyme ligase

Question 5

In DNA,the base adenine always pairs with what other base

Accepted Answer

A) guanine 
B) adenine 
C) uracil 
D) thymine 
A) guanine 
B) adenine 
C) uracil 
D) thymine

Question 6

Which of the following properties are exclusive to rRNA

Accepted Answer

A) Combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B) Carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C) Molecules contain an anticodon 
D) Contains the nucleotide thymine 
A) Combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B) Carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C) Molecules contain an anticodon 
D) Contains the nucleotide thymine

Question 7

Segments of eukaryotic DNA that do not code for proteins:

Accepted Answer

A) are called introns 
B) are found in all bacterial genes 
C) can be considered by your immune system as enemy DNA 
D) binds to proteins to form ribosomes 
A) are called introns 
B) are found in all bacterial genes 
C) can be considered by your immune system as enemy DNA 
D) binds to proteins to form ribosomes

Question 8

Which of the following properties are exclusive to tRNA

Accepted Answer

A) Combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B) Carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C) Molecules contain an anticodon 
D) Contains the nucleotide thymine 
A) Combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B) Carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C) Molecules contain an anticodon 
D) Contains the nucleotide thymine

Question 9

Protein synthesis:

Accepted Answer

A) in bacteria can occur with several ribosomes attached to the same mRNA molecule 
B) uses very little of a bacterial cell's energy 
C) can occur at the same time as an mRNA is being transcribed 
D) two of these 
A) in bacteria can occur with several ribosomes attached to the same mRNA molecule 
B) uses very little of a bacterial cell's energy 
C) can occur at the same time as an mRNA is being transcribed 
D) two of these

Question 10

The process of ________ results in the synthesis of a new protein.

Accepted Answer

A) replication 
B) transcription 
C) translation 
D) transversion 
A) replication 
B) transcription 
C) translation 
D) transversion

Question 11

A plasmid is a/an _____.

Accepted Answer

A) extrachromosomal piece of DNA 
B) chromosomal site to which genetic activity can be traced 
C) body found in the cytoplasm that directs protein synthesis 
D) molecule that carries the genetic message of the chromosomal DNA 
A) extrachromosomal piece of DNA 
B) chromosomal site to which genetic activity can be traced 
C) body found in the cytoplasm that directs protein synthesis 
D) molecule that carries the genetic message of the chromosomal DNA

Question 12

With regard to the lac operon,which of the following is false under conditions of low (or no)lactose

Accepted Answer

A) The RNA polymerase cannot transcribe structural genes 
B) The repressor is bound to the operator 
C) Lactose is not bound to the repressor 
D) RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter 
A) The RNA polymerase cannot transcribe structural genes 
B) The repressor is bound to the operator 
C) Lactose is not bound to the repressor 
D) RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter

Question 13

RNA polymerase uses ________ as a template to synthesize ________ .

Accepted Answer

A) RNA,proteins 
B) RNA,DNA 
C) DNA,RNA 
D) DNA,proteins 
A) RNA,proteins 
B) RNA,DNA 
C) DNA,RNA 
D) DNA,proteins

Question 14

Which of the following properties are exclusive to mRNA

Accepted Answer

A) Combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B) Carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C) Molecules contain an anticodon 
D) Contains the nucleotide thymine 
A) Combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes 
B) Carries information from DNA for synthesis of a protein 
C) Molecules contain an anticodon 
D) Contains the nucleotide thymine

Question 15

Catabolite repression:

Accepted Answer

A) cells save energy by not making uneeded enzymes 
B) doesn't allow for cells to prioritize consumption of multiple substrates 
C) allows cell growth to continue even after the preferred nutrient is used up 
D) two of these 
A) cells save energy by not making uneeded enzymes 
B) doesn't allow for cells to prioritize consumption of multiple substrates 
C) allows cell growth to continue even after the preferred nutrient is used up 
D) two of these

Question 16

An mRNA molecule contains three nucleotide (triplet)units called _____.

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids 
B) bases 
C) codons 
D) anticodons 
A) amino acids 
B) bases 
C) codons 
D) anticodons

Question 17

tRNA anticodons serve as a link between ______.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA and mRNA 
B) codons and anticodons 
C) codons and amino acids 
D) mRNA and rRNA 
A) DNA and mRNA 
B) codons and anticodons 
C) codons and amino acids 
D) mRNA and rRNA

Question 18

Spontaneous mutations are:

Accepted Answer

A) caused by chemicals such as acridine and caffeine. 
B) caused by physical agents such as ultraviolet light or x-rays. 
C) the result of errors in the base pairing of nucleotides during replication. 
D) occur at a rate higher than the rate of induced mutations. 
A) caused by chemicals such as acridine and caffeine. 
B) caused by physical agents such as ultraviolet light or x-rays. 
C) the result of errors in the base pairing of nucleotides during replication. 
D) occur at a rate higher than the rate of induced mutations.

Question 19

Bacterial chromosomes:

Accepted Answer

A) must be present for a bacteria to stay alive and reproduce 
B) are small segments of DNA that have the ability to move from one position to another 
C) contain genetic information that is helpful but not necessary for survival 
D) are always circular and only one is present in each bacteria 
A) must be present for a bacteria to stay alive and reproduce 
B) are small segments of DNA that have the ability to move from one position to another 
C) contain genetic information that is helpful but not necessary for survival 
D) are always circular and only one is present in each bacteria

Question 20

A DNA mutation that results in no change in protein product produced is termed a:

Accepted Answer

A) missense mutation 
B) nonsense mutation 
C) silent mutation 
D) frameshift mutation 
A) missense mutation 
B) nonsense mutation 
C) silent mutation 
D) frameshift mutation

Exam 8: Microbial Genetics

In the lac operon RNA polymerase first binds to the:

Bacterial genomes:

The fluctuation tests done by Luria and Delbruck showed that:

Messenger RNA:

In DNA,the base adenine always pairs with what other base

Which of the following properties are exclusive to rRNA

Segments of eukaryotic DNA that do not code for proteins:

Which of the following properties are exclusive to tRNA

Protein synthesis:

The process of ________ results in the synthesis of a new protein.

A plasmid is a/an _____.

With regard to the lac operon,which of the following is false under conditions of low (or no)lactose

RNA polymerase uses ________ as a template to synthesize ________ .

Which of the following properties are exclusive to mRNA

Catabolite repression:

An mRNA molecule contains three nucleotide (triplet)units called _____.

tRNA anticodons serve as a link between ______.

Spontaneous mutations are:

Bacterial chromosomes:

A DNA mutation that results in no change in protein product produced is termed a:

Scope and History of Microbiology

The Microbiome

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: The Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immune Disorders

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Systemic Diseases

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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RNA polymerase uses as a template to synthesize .