Question 1

Which of the following is the major regulator of respiratory activity?

Accepted Answer

A) PO₂ 
B) PCO₂ 
C) Bicarbonate 
D) Albumin 
A) PO₂ 
B) PCO₂ 
C) Bicarbonate 
D) Albumin

Question 2

In which structure is the PO₂ 104 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulmonary artery 
B) Alveolus 
C) Right ventricle 
D) Vena cava 
A) Pulmonary artery 
B) Alveolus 
C) Right ventricle 
D) Vena cava

Question 3

Which event occurs first?

Accepted Answer

A) The diaphragm contracts. 
B) Air moves into the lungs. 
C) The phrenic nerve fires. 
D) The inspiratory neurons in the medulla fire. 
A) The diaphragm contracts. 
B) Air moves into the lungs. 
C) The phrenic nerve fires. 
D) The inspiratory neurons in the medulla fire.

Question 4

Which of the following occurs on exhalation?

Accepted Answer

A) Respiratory expiratory neurons fire. 
B) The diaphragm relaxes. 
C) Thoracic volume decreases. 
D) All of the above occur. 
A) Respiratory expiratory neurons fire. 
B) The diaphragm relaxes. 
C) Thoracic volume decreases. 
D) All of the above occur.

Question 5

The diaphragm

Accepted Answer

A) is smooth muscle that forms the bronchioles. 
B) is skeletal muscle. 
C) contracts in response to the firing of the vagus nerve. 
D) forms the outer lining of the lungs. 
A) is smooth muscle that forms the bronchioles. 
B) is skeletal muscle. 
C) contracts in response to the firing of the vagus nerve. 
D) forms the outer lining of the lungs.

Question 6

Which of the following is most likely to cause pulmonary edema?

Accepted Answer

A) Bronchitis 
B) Coryza 
C) Exercise-induced asthma 
D) Left ventricular heart failure 
A) Bronchitis 
B) Coryza 
C) Exercise-induced asthma 
D) Left ventricular heart failure

Question 7

Which of the following will cause the intrapulmonic pressure to become less than atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Relaxation of the respiratory muscles 
B) Increase in thoracic volume 
C) Secretion of surfactants 
D) 95% oxygen saturation 
A) Relaxation of the respiratory muscles 
B) Increase in thoracic volume 
C) Secretion of surfactants 
D) 95% oxygen saturation

Question 8

The collection of mucus in the lower airways is most likely to cause

Accepted Answer

A) laryngospasm. 
B) pneumothorax. 
C) atelectasis. 
D) pharyngitis. 
A) laryngospasm. 
B) pneumothorax. 
C) atelectasis. 
D) pharyngitis.

Question 9

As plasma PCO₂ increases,

Accepted Answer

A) hemoglobin synthesis increases. 
B) ventilation increases. 
C) vital capacity increases. 
D) respirations cease. 
A) hemoglobin synthesis increases. 
B) ventilation increases. 
C) vital capacity increases. 
D) respirations cease.

Question 10

The Hering-Breuer reflex

Accepted Answer

A) prevents overinflation of the lungs. 
B) is a chemical reflex; no nerves are involved. 
C) is important only in disease states. 
D) is concerned only with sneezing and coughing. 
A) prevents overinflation of the lungs. 
B) is a chemical reflex; no nerves are involved. 
C) is important only in disease states. 
D) is concerned only with sneezing and coughing.

Question 11

What will happen under the following conditions: the pO₂ is 95 mm Hg (arterial blood) and 40 mm Hg (tissue)?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygen diffuses from the tissues into the blood. 
B) Blood pH shifts from an acid to an alkaline range. 
C) Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the tissues. 
D) Oxygen diffuses from the blood to the tissues. 
A) Oxygen diffuses from the tissues into the blood. 
B) Blood pH shifts from an acid to an alkaline range. 
C) Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the tissues. 
D) Oxygen diffuses from the blood to the tissues.

Question 12

Most CO₂ is transported in the blood

Accepted Answer

A) by the hemoglobin,as carbaminohemoglobin. 
B) by megakaryocytes. 
C) loosely bound to the iron molecule in heme. 
D) as bicarbonate. 
A) by the hemoglobin,as carbaminohemoglobin. 
B) by megakaryocytes. 
C) loosely bound to the iron molecule in heme. 
D) as bicarbonate.

Question 13

Which of the following describes Boyle's law?

Accepted Answer

A) An increase in thoracic volume causes an increase in intrapulmonic pressure. 
B) There is no relationship between intrapulmonic pressure and thoracic volume. 
C) An increase in thoracic volume decreases intrapulmonic pressure. 
D) An increase in thoracic volume forces air out of the lungs. 
A) An increase in thoracic volume causes an increase in intrapulmonic pressure. 
B) There is no relationship between intrapulmonic pressure and thoracic volume. 
C) An increase in thoracic volume decreases intrapulmonic pressure. 
D) An increase in thoracic volume forces air out of the lungs.

Question 14

Which of the following structures is located in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A) Pharynx 
B) Epiglottis 
C) Alveoli 
D) Larynx 
A) Pharynx 
B) Epiglottis 
C) Alveoli 
D) Larynx

Question 15

Which of the following is an upper respiratory structure?

Accepted Answer

A) Alveoli 
B) Larynx 
C) Bronchi 
D) Bronchioles 
A) Alveoli 
B) Larynx 
C) Bronchi 
D) Bronchioles

Question 16

As part of the respiratory structures,the oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Accepted Answer

A) carry only air. 
B) are located distal to the larynx. 
C) carry food and water to the esophagus. 
D) carry air to respiratory structures distal to the pharynx. 
A) carry only air. 
B) are located distal to the larynx. 
C) carry food and water to the esophagus. 
D) carry air to respiratory structures distal to the pharynx.

Question 17

Contraction of the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates the phrenic and intercostal nerves. 
B) decreases thoracic volume. 
C) causes air to move out of the lungs. 
D) is responsible for inhalation. 
A) stimulates the phrenic and intercostal nerves. 
B) decreases thoracic volume. 
C) causes air to move out of the lungs. 
D) is responsible for inhalation.

Question 18

Which of the following is a structure located within the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A) Visceral pleura 
B) Primary bronchi 
C) Parietal pleura 
D) Intrapleural space 
A) Visceral pleura 
B) Primary bronchi 
C) Parietal pleura 
D) Intrapleural space

Question 19

Which event occurs in response to an increase in thoracic volume?

Accepted Answer

A) The respiratory control center is activated. 
B) Air moves into and through the respiratory passages. 
C) Intrapleural pressure becomes greater than intrapulmonic pressure. 
D) Air is exhaled. 
A) The respiratory control center is activated. 
B) Air moves into and through the respiratory passages. 
C) Intrapleural pressure becomes greater than intrapulmonic pressure. 
D) Air is exhaled.

Question 20

Across which structure(s) does most gas exchange occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Trachea 
B) Bronchus 
C) Bronchioles 
D) Alveoli 
A) Trachea 
B) Bronchus 
C) Bronchioles 
D) Alveoli

Exam 22: Respiratory System

Which of the following is the major regulator of respiratory activity?

In which structure is the PO₂ 104 mm Hg?

Which event occurs first?

Which of the following occurs on exhalation?

The diaphragm

Which of the following is most likely to cause pulmonary edema?

Which of the following will cause the intrapulmonic pressure to become less than atmospheric pressure?

The collection of mucus in the lower airways is most likely to cause

As plasma PCO₂ increases,

The Hering-Breuer reflex

What will happen under the following conditions: the pO₂ is 95 mm Hg (arterial blood) and 40 mm Hg (tissue)?

Most CO₂ is transported in the blood

Which of the following describes Boyle's law?

Which of the following structures is located in the lungs?

Which of the following is an upper respiratory structure?

As part of the respiratory structures,the oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Contraction of the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles

Which of the following is a structure located within the lungs?

Which event occurs in response to an increase in thoracic volume?

Across which structure(s) does most gas exchange occur?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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