Question 1

In which direction does blood flow shift in response to exercise?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased blood flow to kidneys and digestive tract 
B) Increased blood flow to skin and skeletal muscles 
C) Increased blood flow to abdominal organs and kidneys 
D) Decreased blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscles 
A) Increased blood flow to kidneys and digestive tract 
B) Increased blood flow to skin and skeletal muscles 
C) Increased blood flow to abdominal organs and kidneys 
D) Decreased blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscles

Question 2

What is the term that refers to the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulse deficit 
B) Cardiac output 
C) Stroke volume 
D) Pulse pressure 
A) Pulse deficit 
B) Cardiac output 
C) Stroke volume 
D) Pulse pressure

Question 3

Which of the following refers to an insufficient blood supply to an organ or body part?

Accepted Answer

A) Pallor 
B) Ischemia 
C) Paresthesia 
D) Paresis 
A) Pallor 
B) Ischemia 
C) Paresthesia 
D) Paresis

Question 4

Which part of the brain participates in the baroreceptor reflex?

Accepted Answer

A) Cerebrum 
B) Corpus callosum 
C) Cerebellum 
D) Medulla oblongata 
A) Cerebrum 
B) Corpus callosum 
C) Cerebellum 
D) Medulla oblongata

Question 5

A patient has a heart rate of 128 beats/min,a blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg,and an ejection fraction of 35%.The pulse pressure is

Accepted Answer

A) 65%. 
B) 30 mm Hg. 
C) 150 mm Hg. 
D) unknown from the data. 
A) 65%. 
B) 30 mm Hg. 
C) 150 mm Hg. 
D) unknown from the data.

Question 6

A pregnant woman notices that her ankles are swollen after standing for 6 hours at her place of employment.In the evening,when she elevates her feet,the swelling diminishes because

Accepted Answer

A) capillary pressure in the blood vessels of the lower extremities decreases. 
B) plasma oncotic pressure decreases. 
C) plasma oncotic pressure increases. 
D) lymphatic drainage decreases. 
A) capillary pressure in the blood vessels of the lower extremities decreases. 
B) plasma oncotic pressure decreases. 
C) plasma oncotic pressure increases. 
D) lymphatic drainage decreases.

Question 7

Which of the following exerts a vasopressor effect?

Accepted Answer

A) BNP 
B) ADH 
C) ANP 
D) Both A and C 
A) BNP 
B) ADH 
C) ANP 
D) Both A and C

Question 8

Blood pressure is lowest in the

Accepted Answer

A) inferior vena cava. 
B) aorta. 
C) circle of Willis. 
D) femoral artery. 
A) inferior vena cava. 
B) aorta. 
C) circle of Willis. 
D) femoral artery.

Question 9

Systemic vascular resistance decreases when the

Accepted Answer

A) blood viscosity increases. 
B) stroke volume increases. 
C) arterioles dilate. 
D) arterioles respond to sympathetic nerve stimulation. 
A) blood viscosity increases. 
B) stroke volume increases. 
C) arterioles dilate. 
D) arterioles respond to sympathetic nerve stimulation.

Question 10

Which of the following is a true statement regarding baroreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A) Baroreceptor activation is a response to pedal edema. 
B) Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. 
C) Baroreceptors are activated only in response to a sudden decline in blood pressure. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) Baroreceptor activation is a response to pedal edema. 
B) Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. 
C) Baroreceptors are activated only in response to a sudden decline in blood pressure. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 11

A patient has hemorrhaged 1 liter of blood; he is diaphoretic (profuse perspiration),oliguric (decreased urinary output),and tachycardic.Physiologically,what is happening?

Accepted Answer

A) The patient has lost so much plasma protein (albumin) that fluid has shifted into his tissue spaces. 
B) In response to the blood loss and declining blood pressure,the baroreceptor reflex has kicked in,causing a sympathetic discharge. 
C) The shock-induced low blood pressure has caused a vagal discharge. 
D) The shock-induced hypotension has inactivated all autonomic receptors. 
A) The patient has lost so much plasma protein (albumin) that fluid has shifted into his tissue spaces. 
B) In response to the blood loss and declining blood pressure,the baroreceptor reflex has kicked in,causing a sympathetic discharge. 
C) The shock-induced low blood pressure has caused a vagal discharge. 
D) The shock-induced hypotension has inactivated all autonomic receptors.

Question 12

The characteristic of the arteriole that allows it to function as a resistance vessel is its

Accepted Answer

A) thin membrane. 
B) porous membrane. 
C) valves. 
D) smooth muscle. 
A) thin membrane. 
B) porous membrane. 
C) valves. 
D) smooth muscle.

Question 13

Which of the following might result from ischemia?

Accepted Answer

A) Tissue damage 
B) Pain 
C) Gangrene 
D) All of the above 
A) Tissue damage 
B) Pain 
C) Gangrene 
D) All of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is true of vasoconstriction?

Accepted Answer

A) Caused by parasympathetic nerve stimulation 
B) Increases SVR 
C) Caused by vagal discharge 
D) Generally accompanied by arteriolar dilation 
A) Caused by parasympathetic nerve stimulation 
B) Increases SVR 
C) Caused by vagal discharge 
D) Generally accompanied by arteriolar dilation

Question 15

If plasma oncotic pressure exceeds capillary pressure,

Accepted Answer

A) more fluid is filtered from the capillary into the interstitium. 
B) more fluid moves into the capillary from the interstitium. 
C) plasma proteins diffuse from the capillary into the interstitium. 
D) blood volume decreases. 
A) more fluid is filtered from the capillary into the interstitium. 
B) more fluid moves into the capillary from the interstitium. 
C) plasma proteins diffuse from the capillary into the interstitium. 
D) blood volume decreases.

Question 16

In the dehydrated state,

Accepted Answer

A) capillary oncotic pressure decreases and fluid accumulates in the tissue spaces. 
B) capillary filtration pressure decreases and tissue fluid is pulled back into blood vessels. 
C) capillary filtration rate increases,thereby increasing lymph formation. 
D) plasma protein is filtered into the tissue spaces,causing edema. 
A) capillary oncotic pressure decreases and fluid accumulates in the tissue spaces. 
B) capillary filtration pressure decreases and tissue fluid is pulled back into blood vessels. 
C) capillary filtration rate increases,thereby increasing lymph formation. 
D) plasma protein is filtered into the tissue spaces,causing edema.

Question 17

If digital (finger press) pressure is exerted over the carotid sinus,you would expect

Accepted Answer

A) the sympathetics to fire,thereby increasing blood pressure. 
B) that the medulla oblongata will interpret the signal as high blood pressure and therefore fire the vagus nerve. 
C) no effect,because the baroreceptors are "crushed." 
D) reflex tachycardia. 
A) the sympathetics to fire,thereby increasing blood pressure. 
B) that the medulla oblongata will interpret the signal as high blood pressure and therefore fire the vagus nerve. 
C) no effect,because the baroreceptors are "crushed." 
D) reflex tachycardia.

Question 18

Which of the following is most responsible for the plasma oncotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Albumin 
B) Cl- 
C) Na+ 
D) HCO₃- 
A) Albumin 
B) Cl- 
C) Na+ 
D) HCO₃-

Question 19

An intense vagal discharge is most apt to cause

Accepted Answer

A) tachycardia. 
B) decreased heart rate. 
C) deep vein thrombosis. 
D) white coat hypertension. 
A) tachycardia. 
B) decreased heart rate. 
C) deep vein thrombosis. 
D) white coat hypertension.

Question 20

If capillary pressure exceeds plasma oncotic pressure,

Accepted Answer

A) more fluid enters the capillary from the interstitial 
B) no net flux of fluid occurs. 
C) blood volume expansion occurs. 
D) more fluid leaves the capillaries to enter the interstitium 
A) more fluid enters the capillary from the interstitial 
B) no net flux of fluid occurs. 
C) blood volume expansion occurs. 
D) more fluid leaves the capillaries to enter the interstitium

Exam 19: Functions of the Blood Vessels

In which direction does blood flow shift in response to exercise?

What is the term that refers to the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings?

Which of the following refers to an insufficient blood supply to an organ or body part?

Which part of the brain participates in the baroreceptor reflex?

A patient has a heart rate of 128 beats/min,a blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg,and an ejection fraction of 35%.The pulse pressure is

A pregnant woman notices that her ankles are swollen after standing for 6 hours at her place of employment.In the evening,when she elevates her feet,the swelling diminishes because

Which of the following exerts a vasopressor effect?

Blood pressure is lowest in the

Systemic vascular resistance decreases when the

Which of the following is a true statement regarding baroreceptors?

A patient has hemorrhaged 1 liter of blood; he is diaphoretic (profuse perspiration),oliguric (decreased urinary output),and tachycardic.Physiologically,what is happening?

The characteristic of the arteriole that allows it to function as a resistance vessel is its

Which of the following might result from ischemia?

Which of the following is true of vasoconstriction?

If plasma oncotic pressure exceeds capillary pressure,

In the dehydrated state,

If digital (finger press) pressure is exerted over the carotid sinus,you would expect

Which of the following is most responsible for the plasma oncotic pressure?

An intense vagal discharge is most apt to cause

If capillary pressure exceeds plasma oncotic pressure,

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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