Exam 14: Tobacco
Nicotine triggers the release of ____,a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and addiction.
B
Groups with the lowest smoking rates include lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender persons.
False
Discuss the health risks of the tar and carbon monoxide inhaled by tobacco smokers.
As it burns,tobacco produces tar,a thick,sticky dark fluid made up of several hundred different chemicals-many of them poisonous,some of them carcinogenic (enhancing the growth of cancerous cells).As you inhale tobacco smoke,tar and other particles settle in the forks of the branch-like bronchial tubes in your lungs,where precancerous changes are apt to occur.In addition,tar and smoke damage the mucus and the cilia in the bronchial tubes,which normally remove irritating foreign materials from your lungs.Smoke from cigarettes,cigars,and pipes also contains carbon monoxide,the deadly gas that comes out of the exhaust pipes of cars,in levels 400 times those considered safe in industry.Carbon monoxide interferes with the ability of the hemoglobin in the blood to carry oxygen,impairs normal functioning of the nervous system,and is at least partly responsible for the increased risk of heart attacks and strokes in smokers.
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are examples of which type of respiratory disease?
Nicotine stimulates the adrenal glands to produce ____________________,a hormone that increases blood pressure and speeds up the heart rate by 15 to 20 beats a minute.
Researchers speculate that ____________________ may account for about 50 percent of smoking behavior,with environment playing an equally important role.
Which type of tobacco smoke is the third-leading preventable cause of death?
A nicotine-addiction medication marketed as Zyban includes a drug initially developed to treat ____.
When smoking is combined with either high blood pressure or ____,the chances of heart attack are four times greater.
In what year did a landmark surgeon general's report on smoking and health turn the tide against tobacco use?
Match the items with the appropriate description.
-come in grape,strawberry,mandarin orange
Faster than an injection,smoking speeds ____________________ to the brain in seconds.
What smokeless tobacco product,similar to snuff and chewing tobacco,was originally developed in Sweden,was banned elsewhere in Europe,and has recently been introduced in the United States?
Thirty "pack years" of smoking is defined as smoking ____ for 30 years.
If you inhale while smoking,50 percent of the nicotine in the smoke is absorbed into your body.
Both smoking and secondhand smoke increase a postmenopausal woman's risk of ____________________ cancer.
A mix of shredded tobacco with honey or molasses and dried fruit is used for which tobacco product?
Which group of college students has the highest smoking rates?
Researchers have found that puffing one-cigarettes produces airway constriction and inflammation,which might lead to serious lung diseases such as emphysema.
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