Question 1

What is priming?

Accepted Answer

A)  a test for measuring empathy 
B)  being reminded of a stereotype prior to taking a test 
C)  the tendency for men to score lower than women in empathy tests 
D)  writing a test response in the first person 
A)  a test for measuring empathy 
B)  being reminded of a stereotype prior to taking a test 
C)  the tendency for men to score lower than women in empathy tests 
D)  writing a test response in the first person

Question 2

Men's and women's marathon records have become both faster and closer together over time. This provides evidence for which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only social factors determine sex differences. 
B)  The biology of men's and women's bodies are evolving in different ways. 
C)  The athletic ability of female bodies has been shaped to a large extent by social context. 
D)  Marathon records are a measure of the real physical differences between male and female bodies. 
A)  Only social factors determine sex differences. 
B)  The biology of men's and women's bodies are evolving in different ways. 
C)  The athletic ability of female bodies has been shaped to a large extent by social context. 
D)  Marathon records are a measure of the real physical differences between male and female bodies.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes what is misleading about the nature/nurture debate over sex differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no real evidence that either nature or nurture contribute to sex differences. 
B)  The debate has failed to include understanding of the gender binary. 
C)  The debate has too often led to "nature" arguments being favored over "nurture." 
D)  Nature and nurture can never operate separately to produce a human being. 
A)  There is no real evidence that either nature or nurture contribute to sex differences. 
B)  The debate has failed to include understanding of the gender binary. 
C)  The debate has too often led to "nature" arguments being favored over "nurture." 
D)  Nature and nurture can never operate separately to produce a human being.

Question 4

Explain the concept of mutability and how it applies to thinking about both biological and social sources of physical differences between men and women.

Accepted Answer

Mutability refers to the ability to chan

Question 5

A genetic female has two X chromosomes, whereas a genetic male has both an X chromosome and a Y chromosome. Which of the following statements best describes the effect of chromosomes on sex differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Y chromosome is the source of most sex differences. 
B)  Sex differences are mostly connected to whether a person has one or two X chromosomes. 
C)  A link between chromosomes and sex differences is yet to be established. 
D)  Chromosomes have no effect since both men and women have only one functioning X chromosome. 
A)  The Y chromosome is the source of most sex differences. 
B)  Sex differences are mostly connected to whether a person has one or two X chromosomes. 
C)  A link between chromosomes and sex differences is yet to be established. 
D)  Chromosomes have no effect since both men and women have only one functioning X chromosome.

Question 6

Estrogens and androgens are both types of activational hormones released by glands or cells in the human body. Which of the following statements best describes their relationship to sex differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Androgens are only found in male bodies, while estrogens are only found in female bodies. 
B)  Differing hormone levels explain the majority of sex differences in male and female behavior. 
C)  Testosterone only has observable effects in male bodies. 
D)  Hormones have been linked to only a few of the differences between males and females. 
A)  Androgens are only found in male bodies, while estrogens are only found in female bodies. 
B)  Differing hormone levels explain the majority of sex differences in male and female behavior. 
C)  Testosterone only has observable effects in male bodies. 
D)  Hormones have been linked to only a few of the differences between males and females.

Question 7

Researchers have observed differences in the visual-spatial abilities of men and women, such as in performing the task of mental rotation. What is the most plausible cause of such differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive skills are best explained by hormone levels. Men have higher levels of testosterone than women. 
B)  Cognitive skills correspond with the right side of the brain. Men and women tend to use different sides of their brains. 
C)  Cognitive skills are shaped by evolution. Through gender-specific practices, men's brains have evolved differently than women's. 
D)  Cognitive skills are affected by instruction and practice. Men are more likely than women to engage in activities that develop the skill of mental rotation. 
A)  Cognitive skills are best explained by hormone levels. Men have higher levels of testosterone than women. 
B)  Cognitive skills correspond with the right side of the brain. Men and women tend to use different sides of their brains. 
C)  Cognitive skills are shaped by evolution. Through gender-specific practices, men's brains have evolved differently than women's. 
D)  Cognitive skills are affected by instruction and practice. Men are more likely than women to engage in activities that develop the skill of mental rotation.

Question 8

What is brain plasticity?

Accepted Answer

A)  the different composition of men's and women's brains 
B)  the brain's lifelong ability to respond to its environment 
C)  the inherent strengths and weaknesses of men's and women's brains 
D)  the importance of environment over hormones in determining brain structure 
A)  the different composition of men's and women's brains 
B)  the brain's lifelong ability to respond to its environment 
C)  the inherent strengths and weaknesses of men's and women's brains 
D)  the importance of environment over hormones in determining brain structure

Question 9

Describe the nature/nurture debate regarding sex differences and give two reasons for why the debate is missing the point.

Accepted Answer

The nature/nurture debate regarding sex

Question 10

Imagine you are conducting a test in which you wish to increase the empathy scores of male participants. Which of the following interventions would you choose?

Accepted Answer

A)  tell participants that the test is one in which men typically perform poorly, so try harder 
B)  have participants first write a fictional story 
C)  present statistics showing that women are attracted to empathic men 
D)  do the experiment in the morning 
A)  tell participants that the test is one in which men typically perform poorly, so try harder 
B)  have participants first write a fictional story 
C)  present statistics showing that women are attracted to empathic men 
D)  do the experiment in the morning

Question 11

In Janet Hyde's analysis of 124 measures of possible differences between men and women, she found that observed gender differences were most often

Accepted Answer

A)  nonexistent. 
B)  large. 
C)  medium. 
D)  small. 
A)  nonexistent. 
B)  large. 
C)  medium. 
D)  small.

Question 12

What are hormonal feedback loops?

Accepted Answer

A)  ways to shift hormone levels with medicine 
B)  the occurrence of both androgens and estrogens in men and women 
C)  the body's hormonal response to stimuli 
D)  the different parenting abilities of men and women 
A)  ways to shift hormone levels with medicine 
B)  the occurrence of both androgens and estrogens in men and women 
C)  the body's hormonal response to stimuli 
D)  the different parenting abilities of men and women

Question 13

Which of the following is a naturalist explanation of gender differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans are born as "blank slates" upon which social forces inscribe gender differences. 
B)  Gender differences are biological and exist independently of external influences. 
C)  There are no gender differences between men and women in their natural state. 
D)  Nature and nurture work together to produce gender differences. 
A)  Humans are born as "blank slates" upon which social forces inscribe gender differences. 
B)  Gender differences are biological and exist independently of external influences. 
C)  There are no gender differences between men and women in their natural state. 
D)  Nature and nurture work together to produce gender differences.

Question 14

What has brain organization theory established in relation to gender differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no differences between male and female brains. 
B)  Differences exist between male and female brains, but what these differences have to do with gendered behavior is largely unknown. 
C)  The differences between male and female brains have been shown to be a fundamental cause of gender inequalities. 
D)  Hormones are the primary cause of the differences between male and female brains. 
A)  There are no differences between male and female brains. 
B)  Differences exist between male and female brains, but what these differences have to do with gendered behavior is largely unknown. 
C)  The differences between male and female brains have been shown to be a fundamental cause of gender inequalities. 
D)  Hormones are the primary cause of the differences between male and female brains.

Question 15

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between biology and the gender binary?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gender binary expresses the dimorphism of male and female bodies. 
B)  There are many immutable biological characteristics that support the gender binary. 
C)  The gender binary emphasizes the difference between rather than similarity of female and male bodies. 
D)  The gender binary is an expression of the complex biological characteristics of human bodies. 
A)  The gender binary expresses the dimorphism of male and female bodies. 
B)  There are many immutable biological characteristics that support the gender binary. 
C)  The gender binary emphasizes the difference between rather than similarity of female and male bodies. 
D)  The gender binary is an expression of the complex biological characteristics of human bodies.

Question 16

What is gene-environment interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  the differences between men's and women's genotype 
B)  the influence of environmental factors on our gene expression 
C)  the relationship between genotype and phenotype 
D)  the effect of the human genome on the environment 
A)  the differences between men's and women's genotype 
B)  the influence of environmental factors on our gene expression 
C)  the relationship between genotype and phenotype 
D)  the effect of the human genome on the environment

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an example of brain plasticity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The neuroanatomy of teenage girls can change by playing Tetris. 
B)  The ability of brains to process sight, sound, and touch depends on experience with external stimuli. 
C)  Blind people can adapt to their sensory deficit by developing other parts of their brains. 
D)  People who engage in intensive study can experience poor bone health. 
A)  The neuroanatomy of teenage girls can change by playing Tetris. 
B)  The ability of brains to process sight, sound, and touch depends on experience with external stimuli. 
C)  Blind people can adapt to their sensory deficit by developing other parts of their brains. 
D)  People who engage in intensive study can experience poor bone health.

What is priming?

Men's and women's marathon records have become both faster and closer together over time. This provides evidence for which of the following statements?

Which of the following statements best describes what is misleading about the nature/nurture debate over sex differences?

Explain the concept of mutability and how it applies to thinking about both biological and social sources of physical differences between men and women.

A genetic female has two X chromosomes, whereas a genetic male has both an X chromosome and a Y chromosome. Which of the following statements best describes the effect of chromosomes on sex differences?

Estrogens and androgens are both types of activational hormones released by glands or cells in the human body. Which of the following statements best describes their relationship to sex differences?

Researchers have observed differences in the visual-spatial abilities of men and women, such as in performing the task of mental rotation. What is the most plausible cause of such differences?

What is brain plasticity?

Describe the nature/nurture debate regarding sex differences and give two reasons for why the debate is missing the point.

Imagine you are conducting a test in which you wish to increase the empathy scores of male participants. Which of the following interventions would you choose?

In Janet Hyde's analysis of 124 measures of possible differences between men and women, she found that observed gender differences were most often

What are hormonal feedback loops?

Which of the following is a naturalist explanation of gender differences?

What has brain organization theory established in relation to gender differences?

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between biology and the gender binary?

What is gene-environment interaction?

Which of the following is NOT an example of brain plasticity?

Ideas

Performance

Intersections

Inequality, Men and Masculinities

Inequality: Women and Femininities

Institutions

Change

Sexualities

Families

Work

Politics

Filters

Exam 3: Bodies

What is priming?

Men's and women's marathon records have become both faster and closer together over time. This provides evidence for which of the following statements?

Which of the following statements best describes what is misleading about the nature/nurture debate over sex differences?

Explain the concept of mutability and how it applies to thinking about both biological and social sources of physical differences between men and women.

A genetic female has two X chromosomes, whereas a genetic male has both an X chromosome and a Y chromosome. Which of the following statements best describes the effect of chromosomes on sex differences?

Estrogens and androgens are both types of activational hormones released by glands or cells in the human body. Which of the following statements best describes their relationship to sex differences?

Researchers have observed differences in the visual-spatial abilities of men and women, such as in performing the task of mental rotation. What is the most plausible cause of such differences?

What is brain plasticity?

Describe the nature/nurture debate regarding sex differences and give two reasons for why the debate is missing the point.

Imagine you are conducting a test in which you wish to increase the empathy scores of male participants. Which of the following interventions would you choose?

In Janet Hyde's analysis of 124 measures of possible differences between men and women, she found that observed gender differences were most often

What are hormonal feedback loops?

Which of the following is a naturalist explanation of gender differences?

What has brain organization theory established in relation to gender differences?

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between biology and the gender binary?

What is gene-environment interaction?

Which of the following is NOT an example of brain plasticity?

Ideas

Performance

Intersections

Inequality, Men and Masculinities

Inequality: Women and Femininities

Institutions

Change

Sexualities

Families

Work

Politics

Filters