Exam 8: The Adaptive Mind Learning

A schedule of partial reinforcement in which the first response after a specified period of time will be reinforced is called a ____ schedule.

Sonia first trains her new dog by saying "good dog!" before giving him a food treat.She then trains her dog to sit and stay,saying "good dog!" when he provides the correct behavior,while continuing to periodically provide a food treat.Sonia is using which method(s)?

A reaction to a given stimulus that is learned or acquired over time is referred to as a(n)____.

In order to demonstrate the extent to which classical conditioning can be a factor in the development of a serious phobia,John Watson and Rosalie Raynor conducted a study where ______.

What type of stimulus elicits a response without prior experience-that is,without learning having taken place?

An inborn pattern of behavior elicited by environmental stimuli is known as

The tendency to respond to stimuli that are similar to an original conditioned stimulus is called ____.

Nick wants to encourage his 6-year-old daughter,Anna,to help with family chores.He makes an outline of a rainbow with seven bands so that Anna can color in a band each time she does a chore.If she does seven chores in a week,coloring in the full rainbow,she gets $1.Nick's technique demonstrates which methods?

As a child,Jordan would jump excitedly when the Sponge Bob Square Pants theme song started playing on the television,receiving laughter and attention from adults for the excited jumping.Now that Jordan is a teenager,adults no longer direct laughter and attention at the excited jumping,and Jordan no longer reacts to the familiar theme song.This scenario illustrates the process of ____.

Which process below is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience?

What was a key finding of the Bobo doll experiment?

In general habituation occurs in response to _____________ and sensitization occurs in response to ______________.

In which of the following examples is the person likely to show the highest,and very steady,rate of response over time?

What type of reinforcement schedule depends on the number of times a behavior occurs?

As Ronnie hears a song on the radio,she feels stressed: her heart races,her hands become clammy,and her breathing becomes rapid.The song is familiar because it was very popular at a time when her parents were going through a divorce that caused Ronnie intense anxiety.In this scenario,identify the following in the same respective order: the conditioned stimulus,the unconditioned stimulus,the conditioned response,and the unconditioned response.

Steve and his wife,Bethany,both work full time.Since Steve usually arrives home first,he takes on the burden of cooking and cleaning,but he is becoming frustrated with the current division of chores.Which of the following learning approaches is likely to work best to increase Bethany's participation in the household duties?

Kate's 6-year-old son has autism.To help him learn daily tasks,she breaks down activities into their component parts.Tooth brushing,for example,involves several steps that occur in basically the same order each time.Which of the following learning principles would provide the strongest foundation for learning how to brush one's teeth in this context?

Mrs.Collora teaches social studies to junior high school students.Two boys in her class often loudly make jokes about the material being discussed.She has tried several techniques without success: (1)ignoring them(2)encouraging and rewarding them for contributing to the class discussion(3)removing their opportunities to participate in field trips;and (4)requiring them each to write an essay on proper behavior.In the order presented,list the operant conditioning principles she has applied to the situation.

Ivan,who is 16 years old,has been staying up all night playing online video games and his grades are dropping.As a result,he is grounded by his parents.He is not allowed to play video games,go to his friends' houses,or use his cell phone for 1 week.His parent's actions illustrate ____.

Jo is at the gym one afternoon,jogging on the treadmill at 3.0 miles per hour.A stranger gets on the treadmill next to her,and begins running at 6.5 miles per hour.Jo notices this,and slowly increases her own running speed.This enhancement of Jo's performance on a simple task by the presence of others is called ____.